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The past generation has witnessed a resurgence of religion in global politics, but political science has been slow to catch up with it. The reason lies in the secularism embedded in the field's major theories, one that reflects actual secularism in world politics, beginning with the events surrounding the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 and growing steadily through the middle twentieth century. Today, a small but growing number of political scientists have begun to explore religion, doing so in ways that depart from secular assumptions and embrace religion's distinctiveness to greater and lesser degrees.

The past generation has witnessed a resurgence of religion in global politics, but political science has been slow to catch up with it. The reason lies in the secularism embedded in the field's major theories, one that reflects actual secularism in world politics, beginning with the events surrounding the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 & growing steadily through the middle twentieth century. Today, a small but growing number of political scientists have begun to explore religion, doing so in ways that depart from secular assumptions & embrace religion's distinctiveness to greater & lesser degrees. Adapted from the source document.

AbstractThis study looked at how the people in an organization with founder entrepreneurship at its roots exercise the entrepreneurial spirit they have acquired, sought to make a normative clarification on the use of the founder entrepreneurship mechanism, and offered some recommendations. The results were as follows. (i) The presence of a hidden entrepreneurship within organizations, separate from entrepreneurism or intrapreneurism revolving around individual people, was identified. (ii) There was a suggestion that whether or not the organization uses this hidden entrepreneurship as a firm resource can affect its continuous growth. (iii) It was revealed that vertical learning on a temporal axis is vital to turn hidden entrepreneurship into a firm resource. (iv) Indicators for measuring patterns in the use of hidden entrepreneurship were deduced.

AbstractThe paper presents the Arabic epitaphs on the newly-found grave-stones of Sheikh Haydar the Safavid, the father of Shah Isma'il I, and Xwāĵa Jamšīd, supposedly, Sheikh Haydar's brother. Both inscriptions were recently discovered in Dagestan—in Tabasaran and in Kubachi, respectively.

This article examines Norwegian policy vis-a-vis the United Nations (UN) through the end of 1945. From here it will become clear that framing foreign policy orientations of the 1940s along conventional lines exaggerates the commitment of Norwegian politicians to two grand ideas. The novel idea of Atlantic alignment, developed by Norwegian circles in London exile, was more ambiguous than generally acknowledged and left room for universal extension. By contrast, the alleged turn in the mid-1940s toward support of the UN was in the form of lip-service as opposed to action that would have engaged actors from Norway. The government outsourced policy-making on the issue to a small circle of experts and made no attempt to exert leadership in regard to UN matters. Norway's indifference toward the UN in the 1940s stands in marked contrast to the country's later reputation as a faithful supporter of the world organization. Adapted from the source document.