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This study examines the relationship between the employability and the criminality of white and black male teenagers. We find that among black teenagers, the employed engage in fewer criminal activities than do the unemployed. Thus, blacks apparently view employment and crime as alternative income‐generating activities. On the other hand, employment status seems not to affect the criminal behavior of white male teenagers. Our evidence indicates that in the group studied, whites tend to use employment as a cover for crime or to moonlight in crime. Different legitimate opportunity structures for whites and blacks can explain, in part, the behavioral differences of whites and blacks. One more important policy implication is that job opportunities targeted to high‐risk black teenage populations have the additional beneficial effect of reducing crime rates.

A review of the economics of crime literature provides an unsatisfactory explanation of the higher crime rates among African Americans compared to crime rates for whites in the US. This address challenges economists, particularly African American economists, to come up with new and credible ideas to explain the observed crime differential that could influence policies to decrease crime in the African American community.

National PO polls in the late 1960s to early 1970s disclosed that the majority of US citizens considered the breakdown of law & order their chief concern, & that blacks had caused this breakdown. The relationship between national opinion & how US congressmen voted on law & order legislation is examined. Twenty-two bills divided into 7 specific crime categories were classified as 'hard' or 'soft' (hard legislation concerned with tougher anticrime measures & stiffer penalties, soft with rehabilitation programs & crime studies). Voting patterns according to district followed party lines, especially with Republicans, who overwhelmingly favored tougher measures. Democrats, however, supported softer measures in white districts but tougher ones as the number of blacks in their districts increased. High black districts saw the lowest Democratic support for hard measures, while Republicans were unrepresented. Although interaction between white PO & congressional voting on law & order legislation is apparent, no conclusive relationship can be drawn; further research is needed. 2 Tables, 3 Figures. K. Walsh.

Why are some ethnic minorities associated with higher levels of offending? How can racist violence be explained? Are the reasons for offending and victimization among ethnic minorities different from those among ethnic majorities? This book provides an introduction to the debates and controversies about race, crime and criminal justice.

This fresh new textbook to balance theory and the real world, addressing topics relating to race, ethnicity, criminality and criminalization, looking at the criminal justice system, the media, and the death penalty. In addition to information on crime and incarceration rates, White-collar crime, and the "typical criminal," the discussion of minorities and public perceptions is set within a broader context including the issues of terrorism and human trafficking, where race and ethnicity are also vital to public perceptions

Crime, delinquency, and race : a criminological theory approach -- Deterrence/rational choice theory -- Social disorganization -- Differential association/social learning theory -- Social strain theory -- Conflict theory and racial threat theory -- Social bonding/self-control theories -- Life course perspective -- Future research in race, crime, and delinquency : a criminological theory approach

Race, crime, and justice in American society -- Race and public opinion about crime and justice -- Race and criminal behavior -- Race and criminal victimization -- Race and policing -- Race, prosecution, and punishment -- Epilogue: where do we go from here? : the future of race, crime, and justice in the United States.

Analysts have long noted that some societies have much higher rates of criminal violence than others. This series of essays explores the extent and causes of racial and ethnic differences in violent crime in the United States and several other contemporary societies