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Introduction / Mark Lattimer and Philippe Sands -- pt. I. Atrocity, impunity, justice. From Nuremberg to Rome: a personal account / Benjamin Ferencz ; Universal jurisdiction: new uses for an old tool / Christopher Ketih Hall ; Immunities for heads of state: where do we stand? / Brigitte Stern ; Their atrocities and our misdemeanours: the reticence of states to try their 'own nationals' for international crimes / Timothy L.H. McCormack -- pt. II. Justice in international and mixed law courts. The international criminal tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda / Graham T. Blewitt ; The collection and admissibility of evidence and the rights of the accused / Richard May ; The permanent international criminal court / M. Cherif Bassiouni ; Striking a balance: mixed law tribunals and conflicts of jurisdiction / Diane F. Orentlicher -- pt. III. Justice in national courts. Pursuing crimes against humanity in the United States: the need for a comprehensive liability regime / William J. Aceves and Paul L. Hoffman ; Criminal responsibility in the UK for international crimes beyond Pinochet / Clare Montgomery ; Civil reparation in national courts for victims of human rights abuse / Fiona McKay ; National action challenged: sovereignty, immunity and universal jurisdiction before the International Court of Justice / Andrew Clapham -- pt. IV. Perspectives from practitioners. Personal perspectives. PW Botha before South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation process / Alex Boraine ; Prosecuting Hastings Banda in Malawi / Sadakat Kadri ; The contribution of international tribunals to the development of international criminal law / Eric David ; UK prosecutions for crimes under international law / Geoffrey Bindman ; The UN human rights machinery and international criminal law / Nigel Rodley ; Using universal jurisdiction to combat impunity / Reed Brody -- pt. V. Conclusion. Enforcing human rights through international criminal law / Mark Lattimer.

Intro -- Contents -- Fears and Fascinations -- 1: Violence Against Women -- 2: Women's Role in Society -- 3: Myths vs. Reality -- 4: What Causes Aggressive Behavior? -- 5: Abusers: Treatment and Intervention -- 6: Issues in the Forefront -- 7: The Survivors -- 8: Women and the Law -- Bibliography -- Index -- Picture Credits.

This book examines laws and customs of war prohibiting rape crimes dating back thousands of years, even though gender-specific crimes, particularly sex crimes, have been prevalent in wartime for centuries. It surveys the historical treatment of women in wartime, and argues that all the various forms of gender-specific crimes must be prosecuted and punished. It reviews the Nuremberg and Tokyo War Crimes Tribunals from a gendered perspective, and discusses how crimes against women could have been prosecuted in these tribunals and suggests explanations as to why they were neglected. It addresses the status of women in domestic and international law during the past one hundred years, including the years preceding World War II and in the aftermath of this war, and in the years immediately preceding the Yugoslav conflict. The evolution of the status and participation of women in international human rights and international humanitarian law is analyzed, including the impact domestic law and practice has had on international law and practice. Finally, this book reviews gender-specific crimes in the Yugoslav conflict, and presents arguments as to how various gender-specific crimes (including rape, forced prostitution, forced impregnation, forced maternity, forced sterilization, genocidal rape, and sexual mutilation) can be, and why they must be, prosecuted under Articles 2-5 of the Yugoslav Statute (i.e., as grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions, torture, violations of the laws of war, violations of the customs of war, genocide, and crimes against humanity). The author, a human rights attorney, academic, and activist, spent three years researching both the treatment of women during periods of armed conflict and humanitarian laws protecting women from war crimes

With reference to India.