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PAPUA bukan hanya soal nama tetapi penyematan suatu identitas makna bagi generasi di level manapun. Saya tidak akan larut dalam pemekaran yang dianggit secara politik dan publik menyantapnya penuh gairah, karena secara ekologis wilayah Papua tidak akan mekar. Papua tidak akan merambah negara tetangga yang secara teritorial memiliki batas kenegaraan yang terekam dalam kosmopilitan dunia. Pemekaran adalah agenda politik yang bersambut secara kemasyarakatan untuk dikemas sebagai munculnya pemerintahan daerah baru dengan wilayah yang semakin menyempit. Biarlah itu bergerak dalam ranah yang wajal santun dan penuh ketulusan dengan memperhatikan hak asal-usul serta tradisiwarga Papua. Kekuatan politiktidak boleh mengabaikan, bahkan wajib mengamankan kekuatan adat agar identitas termiliki dan terwakili dalam pengelolaan pemerintahan.

This paper is a revised version and an expanded version of the paper entitled 'Shares Divestment Scheme in Indonesian Mining Law'. Several cases of ICSID are cases of shares divestment, one of them is the Freeport case that offers divestment by giving the assumption of investment if the Government extends the Freeport Operational License until 2041. It violates determination of divestment share price as the value should be based on fair market price without calculating the amount of minerals. Shares divestment execution is often hampered by the determination of divestment shares' price. The purpose of the divestment arrangement was not achieved because of the price fixing issue which causes divestment failure or causes divestment delay, and the shares that were previously for the government eventually fell on private shareholders which might be owned by foreign parties. This paper is a legal research. It is intended to formulate a shares divestment scheme in the mining sector in Indonesia based on rational choice theory and public choice theory, which is expected to give a valuable contribution to the Government of the Republic of Indonesia as well as stakeholders and can be the ontological basis for laws and policies related to the investment and mining laws in Indonesia. The approaches which are used are the conceptual, statute, case and comparative approach. The primary legal materials that are used are legislation, international conventions and court decisions, while the secondary legal materials are in the form of literature and related materials.Key words: Investment law, mining law, national interest, rational choice theory, shares divestment.

Multi etnisitas Indonesia dan potensi konflik di dalamnya / Misbah Zulfa Elizabeth -- Konflik antar agama / Peter Suwarno -- Gerakan fundamentalisme dan konflik agama / Didin Nurul Rosidin -- Peran negara dalam kebebasan beragama dan resolusi atas konflik bernuansa agama / Musahadi H.A.M. -- Mediasi dan konflik agama di Indonesia / Abu Hafsin -- Mediasi dan konflik agama di Indonesia / Daniel Nuhamara -- Mediasi peradilan di Indonesia / Achmad Gunaryo -- Alternatif penyelesaian sengketa melalui mediasi / Muhammad Saifullah -- Peace building melalui pendidikan multikultural / Syamsul Ma'arif -- Peace building melalui pengembangan format keberagamaan inklusif dan dialogis / Sholihan.

TULISAN ini merupakan permenungan atas realitas yang memperhinakan peradaban bangsa. Korupsi merayapi seluruh koordinat institusi negara yang jumawah kuasa dengan harta dan tahtah. Khalayak menyaksikan betapa korupsi menjadi produk keserakahan "modal maupun otoritas legal" yang menjalar di tubuh negara. Simaklah korupsi yang diungkap KPK selama ini, termasuk korupsi sektor: pertambangan, layanan umum, e-KTP, serta para penikmat dana BLBI, adalah orang-orang yang berbilang "sang kuasa" kapital. Kasus skandal BLBI yang "naik-turun" pengungkapannya, dana pungut dan sogokan yang melintas di pojok-pojok "terminal" kota, serta transaksi sumber daya alam di bumi Papua yang belum tergoyahkan, sungguh telah membelalakkan mata publik.

This paper analyses the important of regional investment agreements for promoting international trade in ASEAN countries. To visualize the above idea, this work will explain the roles of regional investment agreements to serve investment, trade facilitation and to protect regional investment interests. It is argued that regional investment agreements can serve as a vehicle for dialogue, coordination on and to response regional issues including regulatory harmonization, infrastructure development, and collaboration among members to facilitate investment. The paper shows how regional agreements will commit to eliminate barriers on substantially trade and investment, create positive welfare gains, the productivity and stimulus to growth in the region. This paper also analyses the effect of the establishment of an ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) by 2015 to the regional investment policies. AEC aiming at transforming ASEAN into a single market and production base with a highly competitive economic region, equitable economic development, free movement of goods, services, investment, skilled labor, and freer flow of capital, will likely accelerate regional integration and cooperation in the investment sectors fully integrated into the international trade. Then, this work demonstrates the implementation of regional investment cooperation into the formal instruments/agreements of investment policy architecture promoting and protecting cross border investment among nationals of ASEAN member states, such as ASEAN Investment Guarantee Agreement (IGA), the ASEAN Investment Area (AIA) and ASEAN Comprehensive Investment Agreement (ACIA). However, it is realized that the ASEAN members may resist and protest against the regional investment agreements because of conflicting their national interest. The paper proposed that the regional inv stment agreements need to be strengthened by harmonization and structural adjustment due to the member's resistance and protest. This idea may spark challenge because each member has fundamental differences on the nature and character of legal and economic systems reflecting different political systems, economic and social cultures in accordance with the philosophy of life values and national interests of each country. To overcome the challenge, this paper argues that ASEAN member countries need to unilaterally and collectively come up with structuring trade and investment policy harmonization to move ahead and reap the benefits from regional investment agreement as a common tool for contesting their interest in international trade. In addition, pre agreed flexibilities to accommodate the interests of all ASEAN countries may eliminate the problem.

Paradiplomacy is still relatively a new phenomenon for government activity in Indonesia. Paradiplomacy refers to the behavior and capacity to engage in foreign relations with foreign parties carried out by 'sub-state' entities, or regional governments / local governments, in the context of their specific interests. The term 'paradiplomacy' was first launched in an academic debate by Basque scientists, Panayotis Soldatos in the 1980s as a combination of the term 'parallel diplomacy' into 'paradiplomacy', which refers to the meaning of 'the foreign policy of non-central governments', according to Aldecoa , Keating and Boyer. Another term that was put forward by Ivo Duchacek (New York, 1990) for this concept is 'micro-diplomacy'. In this work, author explain the paradiplomacy into ten section such as: (1) Introduction; (2) Interaction Transnational and Paradiplomacy; (3) Paradiplomacy in the Indonesian Law Context; (4) Paradiplomacy in the International Law Context; (5) Diplomacy by Local Government; (6) Technical Regulation on the Implementation of Paradiplomacy in Indonesia; (7) International Cooperation by the Special Regional Province of Yogyakarta, Indonesia; (8) The Chronology of International Cooperation by the Local Government in Indonesia; (9) Inputs for the Revision of Indonesian Law on International Cooperation and (10) Epilog.