Suchergebnisse

Introduction: Archaeology and Anthropology: Divorce and Partial ReconciliationDavid Shankland (University of Bristol, UK)Big Revolutions, Two Small Disciplines and SocialismChris Hann (Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, Germany)Whose Rights to Which Past? Archaeologists, Anthropologists, and the Ethics of Heritage in the Global Hierarchy of ValueMichael Herzfeld (Harvard University, USA)Archaeology and Anthropology: the state Of the RelationshipIan Hodder (University of Stanford, USA)No More Ancient; No More Human: the Future Past of Archaeology and AnthropologyTim Ingold (Aberdeen University, UK)Sacred Architecture: Archaeological and Anthropological PerspectivesRichard Irvine (University of Cambridge, UK)Life with Things: Archaeology and MaterialityRosemary Joyce (University of California, Berkeley, USA)Archaeological Ethnography: Materiality, Heritage and Hybrid Methodologies Lynn Meskell (Stanford University, USA)The Anthropological Imagination and British Iron Age SocietyPaul Sillitoe (Durham University, UK)The Interdisciplinary Value of SpaceStella Souvatzi (Hellenic Open University/Open University of Cyprus, Cyprus) Encountering the Past: Unearthing Remnants of Humans in Archaeology and AnthropologyPaola Filippucci (Cambridge University, UK), Joost Fontein (University of Edinburgh, UK), John Harries (University of Edinburgh, UK) and Cara Krmpotich (University of Oxford, UK)Archaeology, Anthropology and Material ThingsJulian Thomas (Manchester University, UK)Index

Refugees on the Move highlights and explores the profound complexities of the current refugee issue by focusing specifically on Syrian refugees in Turkey and other European countries and responses from the host countries involved. It examines the causes of the movement of refugee populations, the difficulties they face during their journeys, the daily challenges and obstacles they experience, and host governments' attempts to manage and overcome the so-called "refugee crisis."

Unter dem Schlagwort »ethnische Ökonomie« wird die berufliche Selbstständigkeit von Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund in Politik und Wissenschaft diskutiert. Indem die Selbstständigen ihren »Markt machen«, positionieren sie sich mit dem und gegen diesen Diskurs. Robert Birnbauer zeigt aus einer wirtschaftsanthropologischen Perspektive, wie die Unternehmer*innen dabei ihre gesellschaftlichen Positionen und etablierte ökonomische Wissensbestände gleichermaßen verhandeln. Dazu folgt er dem Diskurs um »ethnische Ökonomie« von der politischen in die unternehmerische Praxis und zeigt: Geschäfte im Markt für muslimische Mode werden zum Resultat gesellschaftlicher Diskurse und der Markt zum Effekt beschreibbarer unternehmerischer Praxis - weit jenseits einer »unsichtbaren Hand«.

The interdisciplinary volume offers methodologically innovative approaches to Austria's coping with issues of migration past and present. These essays show Austria's long history as a migration country. Austrians themselves have been on the move for the past 150 years to find new homes and build better lives. After the World War II the economy improved and prosperity set in, so Austrians tended to stay at home. Austria's growing prosperity made the country attractive to immigrants. After the war, tens of thousands of "ethnic Germans" expelled from Eastern Europe settled in Austria. Starting in the 1950s "victims of the Cold War" (Hungary, Czechs and Slovaks) began looking for political asylum in Austria. Since the 1960s Austria has been recruiting a growing number of "guest workers" from Turkey and Yugoslavia to make up the labor missing in the industrial and service economies. Recently, refugees from the arc of crisis from Afghanistan to Syria to Somalia have braved perilous journeys to build new lives in a more peaceful and prosperous Europe.

Part of a symposium on social capital examines the capacity for voluntary associations to build bonding & bridging social capital. It is contended that voluntary associations have differential effects, necessitating further theoretical & empirical differentiation. Following a presentation of the theoretical framework based on Mark E. Warren's (2001) ideas, June 2001 data from a West German population study are analyzed to determine its applicability. Findings support the effort to assign bonding & bridging capacities to voluntary associations: a clear-cut difference between the impact of bridging organizations & bonding organizations is evidenced in terms of generalized trust, indicating the utility of the empirical application of bonding & bridging social capital to voluntary associations.

El proceso de globalización está produciendo, en opinión de ciertos sectores políticos y científicos, una crisis de las identidades. Se refieren principalmente a la identidad nacional, que está siendo afectada por la desestructuración del estado. Ante esta situación se han propuesto dos tipos de respuestas: por un lado, quienes afirman que es necesario una vuelta a las "raíces étnicas" y locales; y, por otro lado, quienes consideran que nos dirigimos irremediablemente hacia una identidad global y cosmopolita. Al margen de estas consideraciones de carácter teórico-filosófico, son pocas las investigaciones empíricas que se realizan en torno al problema de la identidad. Propondré aquí algunas posibles líneas de investigación sobre el terreno. ; In opinion of several fields of politics and science, the globalization process produces an identity crisis. This refers mainly to the national identity, which affects/causes the destructuralisation of the state. Facing this situation, two types of answers have been proposed: one of them affirms that it is necessary to return to the ethnic roots and local roots; and the other contends that we are headed irrevocably towards a cosmopolitan and global identity. All areas of these considerations have a theoretical-philosophical character, and just a few empirical studies on the problem of identity have been conducted. In this text, I propose some possible ways to undertake the field research. ; Grupo de Investigación Antropología y Filosofía (SEJ-126). Universidad de Granada

Immigrant integration, and socio-economic cohesion more broadly, continue to be top priorities at many levels of governance in Europe and are long-standing fixtures of scholarly, political and public debate across Europe and North America. Although integration and culture have been dominant themes in contemporary European and American social science and humanities literatures, their intersections—particularly involving immigrant participation in local arts and cultural activities—remain understudied. Through the use of mixed-methods research, my doctoral thesis addresses how participating in such creative activities serves as a vehicle for integration. This topic is examined within the context of the European capital city-region of Brussels, and provokes further inquiry into the role of place in integration and identity-making particularly within a context in which there is no universal or normative local identity. With the onsite support of local experts, artistic and cultural actors and the public at large, I examine the 'creative collaboration' of Zinneke Parade 2010—a biennial socio-cultural and urban project with origins in the Brussels 2000 European Capital of Culture Programme (ECoC). Though politicians and community organizers frequently cite Zinneke as an exemplary project of the Brussels-Capital Region, to date, no formal study has been conducted neither into its role in bridging many of the city's socio-linguistic, spatial and economic divides nor into its role as a source for building local networks, social, cultural, economic or otherwise. Finally, this work is unique in its treatment of migrant and ethnic minority identity representations in an explicitly non-ethno-cultural event. In its biennial parade, Zinneke purposefully does not re-present separate ethno-cultural pasts, but instead reflects the identities of collective and creative efforts of today's local Bruxellois. Fielded throughout 2010 and early 2011, in-depth interviews, combined with short as well as detailed questionnaires, form the basis of data which I have collected to answer the question: Does practicing local culture facilitate integration?

Although the body has been the focus of much contemporary cultural theory, the models that are typically applied neglect the most salient characteristics of embodied existencemovement, affect, and sensationin favor of concepts derived from linguistic theory. In Parables for the Virtual Brian Massumi views the body and media such as television, film, and the Internet, as cultural formations that operate on multiple registers of sensation beyond the reach of the reading techniques founded on the standard rhetorical and semiotic models. - Renewing and assessing William James's radical empiricism and Henri - Bergson's philosophy of perception through the filter of the post-war French philosophy of Deleuze, Guattari, and Foucault, Massumi links a cultural logic of variation to questions of movement, affect, and sensation. If such concepts are as fundamental as signs and significations, he argues, then a new set of theoretical issues appear, and with them potential new paths for the wedding of scientific and cultural theory. Replacing the traditional opposition of literal and figural with new distinctions between stasis and motion and between actual and virtual, Parables for the Virtual tackles related theoretical issues by applying them to cultural mediums as diverse as architecture, body art, the digital art of Stelarc, and Ronald Reagan's acting career. The result is an intriguing combination of cultural theory, science, and philosophy that asserts itself in a crystalline and multi-faceted argument. - Parables for the Virtual will interest students and scholars of continental and Anglo-American philosophy, cultural studies, cognitive science, electronic art, digital culture, and chaos theory, as well as those concerned with the "science wars" and the relation between the humanities and the sciences in general.

"Les formes de déplacements présentes dans nos sociétés sont multiples : géographiques et culturels, passages inter, mufti et transculturels tout autant qu'inter, mufti et transnationaux, transferts et autres mouvances dues aux interpénétrations ethniques et culturelles. Ce glossaire les rassemble, les expose et répond au besoin pressant d'une véritable recherche comparatiste faisant dialoguer les cultures des deux côtés de l'Atlantique. C'est ainsi que dans les différents domaines des sciences humaines et sociales, des spécialistes venus d'Afrique, des Amériques et d'Europe, exposent et débattent des questions fondamentales relatives aux mobilités culturelles. Les concepts-clés des exils, diasporas, migrations, frontières, transferts, transculturalités, transnationalités y sont analysés à travers le prisme de l'inter- et du trans-disciplinaire. Les apports théoriques et méthodologiques de cet ouvrage sont nombreux et en font un outil indispensable dans la recherche actuelle."--P. [4] of cover

Ob Körperbewegung oder Tanzbewegung, ob Bewegung der Bilder, der Töne oder der Schrift, ob soziale oder politische Bewegung, der Begriff »Bewegung« wird in Ästhetik, Kultur- und Sozialwissenschaften häufig benutzt. Anders als in den Naturwissenschaften aber ist dem konzeptuellen Stellenwert des Bewegungsbegriffs in den Kultur- und Sozialwissenschaften bislang nur wenig Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt worden.Die interdisziplinäre Textsammlung verfolgt das Ziel, den Status quo des Begriffs in den Sozial- und Kulturwissenschaften zu reflektieren und sein theoretisches Potenzial zu bestimmen. Sie geht von der Annahme aus, dass Bewegung nicht nur eine »physikalische Tatsache« und damit etwas quasi Natürliches ist, sondern ein soziales und kulturelles Konzept, das auf verschiedene Weise naturalisiert und essenzialisiert worden ist. Der Band präsentiert verschiedene Gebrauchsweisen des Begriffs und ermöglicht damit ein weiteres konzeptuelles Nachdenken über Bewegung als einen Begriff, dessen Rolle im »Tanz der Disziplinen« neu zu entfalten ist.

The image that Maghreban construct of North Africa is a little investigated subject. This study examines the question of Maghreban imaginaire from a South-South perspective on the basis of a systematic analysis of a corpus of twelve school history textbooks published in Tunisia between 1956 & 2005. This approach implicitly echoes current French debates on the way colonial history is presented to younger generations. It also attends to grasp the meaning of the various categories which are Maghreb, North Africa, the Muslim West, the south of the Mediterranean, etc., from an endogenous standpoint. The Maghreb is presented as a political rather than a cultural concept. This makes the North African space difficult to grasp, as it has multiple, sometimes even contradictory representations. One of the evolutions evidenced is that since "the death of Arab nationalist ideology," the "Mediterranean Maghreb" paradigm is now far from being the mobilizing myth shared by all Maghreban populations. Adapted from the source document.

Objectives Considerable evidence suggests that enforcement efforts cannot fully explain the high degree of tax compliance. To resolve this puzzle of tax compliance, several researchers have argued that citizens' attitudes toward paying taxes, defined as tax morale, helps to explain the high degree of tax compliance. However, most studies have treated tax morale as a black box, without discussing which factors shape it. Additionally, the tax compliance literature provides little empirical research that investigates attitudes toward paying taxes in Europe. Methods Thus, this article is unique in its examination of citizen tax morale within three multicultural European countries, Switzerland, Belgium, and Spain, a choice that allows far more detailed examination of the impact of culture and institutions using data sets from the World Values Survey and the European Values Survey. Results The results indicate the tendency that cultural and regional differences affect tax morale. Conclusion The findings suggest that higher legitimacy for political institutions leads to higher tax morale. Adapted from the source document.

There is no doubt that we live in exciting times: Ours is the age of many 'silent revolutions' triggered by startups and research labs of big IT companies; revolutions that quietly and profoundly alter the world we live in. Another ten or five years, and self-tracking will be as normal and inevitable as having a Facebook account or a mobile phone. Our bodies, hooked to wearable devices sitting directly at or beneath the skin, will constantly transmit data to the big aggregation in the cloud. Permanent recording and automatic sharing will provide unabridged memory, both shareable and analyzable. The digitization of everything will allow for comprehensive quantification; predictive analytics and algorithmic regulation will prove themselves effective and indispensable ways to govern modern mass society. Given such prospects, it is neither too early to speculate on the possible futures of digital media nor too soon to remember how we expected it to develop ten, or twenty years ago. The observations shared in this book take the form of conversations about digital media and culture centered around four distinct thematic fields: politics and government, algorithm and censorship, art and aesthetics, as well as media literacy and education. Among the keywords discussed are: data mining, algorithmic regulation, sharing culture, filter bubble, distant reading, power browsing, deep attention, transparent reader, interactive art, participatory culture. The interviewees (mostly from the US, but also from France, Brazil, and Denmark) were given a set of common questions as well specific inquiries tailored to their individual areas of interest and expertise. As a result, the book both identifies different takes on the same issues and enables a diversity of perspectives when it comes to the interviewees' particular concerns. Among the questions offered to everybody were: What is your favored neologism of digital media culture? If you could go back in history of new media and digital culture in order to prevent something from happening or somebody from doing something, what or who would it be? If you were a minister of education, what would you do about media literacy? What is the economic and political force of personalization and transparency in digital media and what is its personal and cultural cost? Other recurrent questions address the relationship between cyberspace and government, the Googlization, quantification and customization of everything, and the culture of sharing and transparency. The section on art and aesthetics evaluates the former hopes for hypertext and hyperfiction, the political facet of digital art, the transition from the "passive" to "active" and from "social" to "transparent reading"; the section on media literacy discusses the loss of deep reading, the prospect of "distant reading" and "algorithmic criticism" as well as the response of the university to the upheaval of new media and the expectations or misgivings towards the rise of the Digital Humanities.