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Until 1970s external debts did not come as a serious problem for Polish economy. Due to political reasons, the Polish People's Republic rarely took any credits from Western countries, and when it did, all due amounts were repaid in due time. The aim of the article is to present the growth of the Polish external debt, with special consideration of its causes and methods of debt reduction. In order to achieve the aim of the article, a research method of descriptive comparative analysis has been applied. In the conclusions of the paper it is stated – among others – that external credits have been taken in order to decrease economic disproportions between Poland and highly developed countries. Considering the necessity of debt repayment, the due amounts have already become a considerable developmental barrier and a burden not only for the state budget but also for business entities. Undoubtedly, Poland is going to take more credits and to issue foreign bonds in the nearest future. Their use may turn out to be an important factor which shall determine the economic situation of the country.

Until 1970s external debts did not come as a serious problem for Polish economy. Due to political reasons, the Polish People's Republic rarely took any credits from Western countries, and when it did, all due amounts were repaid in due time. The aim of the article is to present the growth of the Polish external debt, with special consideration of its causes and methods of debt reduction. In order to achieve the aim of the article, a research method of descriptive comparative analysis has been applied. In the conclusions of the paper it is stated – among others – that external credits have been taken in order to decrease economic disproportions between Poland and highly developed countries. Considering the necessity of debt repayment, the due amounts have already become a considerable developmental barrier and a burden not only for the state budget but also for business entities. Undoubtedly, Poland is going to take more credits and to issue foreign bonds in the nearest future. Their use may turn out to be an important factor which shall determine the economic situation of the country.

The article deals with one of the most important characteristics of Indian economy – its external debt. The author analyses in detail the composition of Indian external debt as well as the government's policy on its payment. The article also presents different indicators on external debt, which characterize the depth of the economic problem for India.

Das Heft gibt einen umfassenden Überblick über die Entwicklung und Struktur der nigerianischen Auslandsverschuldung. Lösungsstrategien werden untersucht, indem die von anderen Ländern begangenen Wege (etwa Boliviens Debt for Nature Deal) analysiert werden. (DÜI-Sbd)