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The purpose of the article is to analyze the essence and characteristics of the state policy of Ukraine in the field of education, in order to determine the main ways to optimize this policy in the field of educational processes. The work used a set of methods such as: content analysis, logical and semantic analysis, systematic analysis of the implementation of state policy in the field of education; axiological method and prognosis. It is concluded that, state educational policy is a systematic and deliberate activity of public authorities and public self-government in school The priority of state policy is to ensure civic, patriotic, moral and spiritual education. Among the most concrete results of the research, existing deficiencies have been identified, which are characterized by contradictions. These paradoxes can be avoided by combining regulations. Finally, the existing state policy in the field of education has a comprehensive legal framework, but needs constant updating.

The article analyzes the processes by which Spanish anarchists, active in the 1930s, worked in hundreds of villages to establish anarchist education, with the goal of raising a generation that would bring about radical changes in society. This period was especially favorable for anarchism in Spain, with the flourishing of communes where anarchist education could take shape. These activists, motivated by their dedication to social revolution, were well aware of the relationship between new paradigms in education & the desired political transformation. The educational model they created was fraternal, cooperative, & free. The educational ideals of the Spanish anarchists were matched by their cultural ideals, which they were intent on passing on to future generations. The article argues that the Spanish anarchist movement, when compared to other sociopolitical movements of the era, was virtually unique in its efforts in the field of education.

En este artículo se reconoce que la educación formal está poderosamente influida y delineada, desde sus bases, por fundamentos y orientaciones eugenésicos y de darwinismo social que la hacen altamente proclive a la producción y reproducción del racismo de modo que, con o sin contenidos racistas explícitos o implícitos, la educación formal ofrece condiciones que le permiten a éste verificarse por el solo hecho de que se desarrolle el plan curricular correspondiente. Con todo, ni los organismos internacionales que tienen en sus agendas la encomienda de prevenir y de luchar en contra del racismo, ni las instituciones locales que se han establecido en el país con un fin parecido parecieran notar este hecho, y tampoco lo hace la mayoría de las investigaciones que en México exploran el tema del racismo en la educación institucional.

The purpose of the article was to study the processes of state regulation of the higher education system in Ukraine in the context of ensuring the autonomy of universities. General and special scientific methods were used in the research process. It was determined that the target priorities of the regulation of higher education system development are: a) regulatory influences on higher education institutions; b) promotion of the level of investment attractiveness of the higher education system; c) optimization of the use of limited financial resourcesn and; d) improvement of approaches to distribution of state orders for personnel training for the national economy, which further includes: state financing of research works carried out by higher education institutions. In conclusion, it has been proved that in order to ensure modernization changes in the higher education system, it is necessary to stimulate enterprises to cooperate with universities in the spheres of education and scientific research; to stimulate the inflow of investment resources from the business sector into the higher education system and to improve specific financial support tools for higher education institutions and enterprises developing cooperation with universities.

The objective of the article was to analyze the dialectic of rights and responsibilities in education. The importance of education is so great that the thesis of the responsibility of the person to receive education has now been recognized. In order for the right to education to be exercised, the domestic law of states provides for a set of responsibilities for participants in the educational process, the implementation of which actually guarantees access to education. The real economic opportunities of States have a great impact on the real content of the dialectical process of interaction of rights and responsibilities in the field of education. The relationship between the participants in the educational process is regulated at several levels: first, the rules of domestic law and then the contractual level, represented by the statutes of educational institutions, comes into force. It is concluded that, in the most advanced systems, there may be a level of intra-group agreements that are completely voluntary. The practical content of the educational process is influenced by several factors, including ideology, the objectives set by a given society, the traditions and customs that have developed in it.

The purpose of the study was the analysis of the implementation of the reform of primary education as a structural model of the formation of the preparation of the future elementary school, for the design of the educational environment. The research methodology used included the analysis of legislative documentation to determine the requirements for the professional activity of an elementary school teacher. The procedure and features of actions for the development of a structural-functional model, of the formation of the readiness of future elementary school teachers to design an educational environment include: analysis of objects; choice of the form of the model; theoretical, methodical, spatio-temporal, material-technical, legal substantiation; the choice of a factor of formation of the system; establishment of connections and dependencies of the main components. The content of the developed main blocks of the model: meta - purpose and task; methodological - approaches and principles; content-procedure - updated content of the discipline content of the vocational and practical training cycle, forms of organization of the educational process, methods, means of training and diagnostics; organizational and pedagogical conditions; stages: adaptation, intensification and identification. It is concluded that the developed model reflects the actual educational process of achieving the expected results.

Rethinking Popular Education (PE) in the contemporary world requires awareness of a scenario where multiple tensions emerge and keep the attitude of permanent question of practices and theories alive on social transformation. PE, as an option and political practice, necessarily generates a transformation of the social educational project, which not only boils down to formalized and institutionalized school, but overcomes conventional boundaries and is addressed as a pedagogical movement, with a critical and transformative sense.

El propósito de este trabajo es explorar el ethos de la interculturalidad en las Universidades Interculturales (UI) en México. Sobre la base de documentos y entrevistas realizadas en cinco universidades entre 2006 y 2009, se observa que la institucionalización de la educación intercultural al interior del sector estatal ha creado un espacio de encuentro y debate entre la política de reconocimiento y las ideas radicales de educadores en la tradición del constructivismo y de la educación popular latinoamericana. El artículo concluye subrayando el abismo que existe entre los debates académicos en torno al multiculturalismo y los debates a veces angustiados de los profesores de las UI enfrentados a desafíos totalmente nuevos en la educación: la enseñanza a personas de ascendencia indígena de su propia lengua con métodos de enseñanza propios de una segunda lengua, la aplicación por parte de estudiantes de métodos científicos de investigación en sus propios pueblos donde la separación de las funciones de pariente o familiar con el de investigador no es fácilmente reconocido, etcétera. Este entrelazamiento de ideas e identidades, buscadas y recuperadas, entrecruzadas con la lengua y el lugar de origen en un contexto claramente marcado por la desigualdad de clase socioeconómica y de aspiración a la movilidad social, constituyen la trama del debate en las UI.

El artículo de revisión, se orienta a las humanidades en la educación superior, en la era digital. A partir de la misión de la educación, con su compromiso de la formación humana y profesional, el ágora digital es considerada tanto escenario como mediación para las humanidades en la educación superior. La sociedad tecnológica plantea unos retos que se pueden examinar en estudios de finales del siglo XX e inicios del XXI. Asimismo, la situación de la educación y la formación humanística en este nuevo escenario abre unos senderos que se determinan como horizontes para su caminar en este nuevo hábitat digital. Aprendizaje autónomo y colaborativo, multiculturalismo, pensamiento crítico, responsabilidad planetaria, son saberes que pueden fortalecerse con la mediación de las TIC

La investigación que proponemos pretende identificar y dar a conocer las creencias que sobre la formación práctica universitaria poseen los futuros maestros de Educación Primaria y de Educación Física de Universidad de Granada, antes y después de su inmersión en los escenarios de practicum. Queremos comprobar, además, si se produce algún tipo de cambio o alteración en las creencias previas que los estudiantes llevan consigo a este periodo. De los resultados procedentes del tratamiento estadístico aplicado a los datos podemos deducir que, en general, los aprendices de profesor, antes y después de cursar el Practicum, mantienen una actitud positiva hacia la mayoría de las declaraciones que conforman el inventario. Las evidencias que nos proporciona la comparación realizada nos revelan, además, que el paso por la experiencia de prácticas hace que se modifiquen alteren o reconsideren algunas de las creencias sobre la enseñanza práctica.

The object of the research is the peculiarities of public administration of education and science in foreign countries, in particular, the experience of three European countries ranked in the top ten according to the results of the international survey PISA-2018: Estonia, Finland and Poland. The main content is considered the experience of building a system of educational management on democratic basis, in cooperation between government bodies and society. It is determined that education in the studied countries is one of the priorities of the state and society. The methodological basis of the research consists of comparative legal and systemic analysis, formal legal method, method of interpretation, hermeneutic method and methods of analysis and synthesis. Similar approaches to administration and financing were identified in the conclusions. A trend characteristic of all countries is clarified: the state guarantees free education, including science, and at the same time ensures equal access to quality education and science. Also, the optimal mechanisms of economic support of education, science and the main sources of financing specific to each country were defined.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, online education represented a serious alternative to continuing working life in higher education institutions (HEIs). Teachers around the world embraced a new role, adopting and using a wide range of technological and virtual tools to continue performing their activities and with the aim to interact with students and to continue teaching. For this reason, research related to seek and identify factors for the teachers' well-being is essential for educational leaders. Regarding these ideas, this paper aims to test the construct validity of a Mexican version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educators Survey (MBI-ES) of Maslach et al. (1997), adapted to online education. Participants consisted of 406 Mexican university teachers who emergently switched from traditional to online educational practices during the SARS-CoV-2 virus outbreak. In order to test the factor structure of three alternative models based on Szigeti et al. (2016), the authors performed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (Ferrando & Lorenzo-Seva, 2018). Results showed that the model with three domain factors has the best fit. Besides, our findings show that the three-factor structure of the Mexican adaptation of MBI-ES is valid and reliable for the analysis of online education because the loading of all factors was representative.

In this research, the nation-state forces certain archaic cultural forms and practices on the current youth population. This is a result of the lack of adequate communication between the state and the Moroccan youth. Thus, Morocco continues to press on teaching abstinence-only sex programs since 2005. This research attempts to Bridge the gap of communication through articulating Moroccan youth's perceptions and their relation with globalization and religion. The first part of the Analysis argues that globalization shapes sexual education is received. The positive perception of sexual education is due to glocality since the individual youth identifies with the western culture he or she witnesses on media and the internet. This leads to an urge to experiencing sex outside of marriage. The negative perception of sexual education is due to grobality, yet this is a minority within the sample. In the second part, participants perceive Islam to be for sexual education. Then, there is a need for sexual safety especially since youth are already engaging in premarital intercourses. Sexual education would keep them away from STDs and pregnancies out of wedlock. Thus, the Moroccan youth's perception favors sexual education and seeks to implement it as a means of dealing with premarital relationships.