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Cover -- Quartino -- Dedication -- Table of contents -- List of abbreviations -- Introduction -- Part I - Defining state secrecy -- Chapter 1 - State secrecy in domestic legal systems -- Chapter 2 - State secrecy in the international legal system -- Part II - State secrecy and the international protection of human rights -- Chapter 3 - State secrecy and treaty monitoring bodies'practice -- Chapter 4 - State secrecy beyond treaties: towards a customary norm prohibiting recourse to state secrecy to conceal gross human rights violations? -- Part III - Theoretical and practical issues arising from the horizoantal and vertical interaction among norms and legal orders -- Chapter 5 - From state to international organisation secrecy -- Chapter VI - To disclose or not to disclose state secrets? The dilemmas of interstate cooperation in the field of intelligence, diplomacy, and mutual legal assistence -- General conclusions -- Bibliography -- Printed by.

The introduction of civic education in the scholastic curriculum has offered to schools new opportunities for coping with the study of Resistance movement and other events occurred in contemporary history. Through some relevant didactic unit, the paper aims at giving to teachers some pratical examples, using the methodology of the Public History of Education.

This volume collects some of the contributions presented at the Italian session of the International Social Work Education and Development Online (ISWED 2021) conference, jointly organised by the International Association of Schools of Social Work (IASSW), and the International Council of Social Welfare (ICSW) and, for the Italian language sessions, by the National Foundation of Social Workers.
Its aim is to contribute to the debate that was opened with the creation of the Global Agenda, an initiative taken by the three international organisations in the 2010/2020 decade and renewed for the 2020/2030 decade. In particular, the volume offers reflections on the role of social work in promoting human relations, justice and social solidarity, showing how research, training and professional practice can have an impact in translating the goals guiding the Global Agenda into practice.
While the first eight chapters deal specifically with the Italian context and address different themes, such as social work in the face of social emergency, qualitative research as a means of reconstructing social action, perspectives in decision-making processes for the protection of minors, and reciprocity in the exchange between social work and the homeless, the agapic relationship in social work, the production of knowledge in the process of aid, and finally the practices of training in Italian universities, the ninth chapter is dedicated to a historical analysis of social service and training in the State of Espirito Santo in Brazil.
Keywords: social work, social justice, social solidarity, human relations, global agenda
We believe that this volume can offer an articulate and complex panorama of what is being debated and realised in contemporary social work and can be of interest to all those who,
teachers, students, professionals working in the social field.

Frontmatter -- Preface -- Remarks -- Contents -- Discorso Circa Il Stato Degli Hebrei Et In Particolar Dimoranti Nell'Inclita Città Di Venetia / Luzzatto, Simone -- Discourse On The State Of The Jews And In Particular Those Dwelling In The Illustrious City Of Venice / Luzzatto, Simone -- The Venetian Context Of The Discourse / Ravid, Benjamin -- Individual Responsibility and Collective Punishment in the Thought of Rabbi Simone Luzzatto / Veltri, Giuseppe -- Jews on Trial and Their Sceptical Attorney: Philosophic Scepticism and Political Thought in Simone Luzzatto's Italian Works / Lissa, Anna -- Bibliography -- Glossary and Index of Names

In the educational training pathway, the history of education is usually present. From the moment of recruitment onwards, however, the interest in a historical approach disappears completely, and teachers tend to focus on the current challenges of their work.

The paper shows Public History projects carried on in some school in Foiano della Chiana (Arezzo) in the last years. These projects were focused on the so-called "Fatti di Renzino", i.e. the army revolts organised in 1921 by socialists, communists and anarchiest in answer to fascists and their continuous, brutal attempts in sovverting liberal institutions.

The increase in migration movement worldwide, and the consequent growth of multi-ethnic classes in schools have impacted on the implementation of ethnic bullying, a subtype of bias-based bullying in which victims are targeted because of their ethnic background. Despite the serious consequences of this discriminatory behaviour on the actors involved, research on the role of ethnicity in bullying is still limited. Upon these considerations, the present work aims to shed light on the role of structural factors and psychological mechanisms, explaining ethnic bullying in schools among natives and students with immigrant backgrounds. Specifically, this study is composed of three distinct parts: 1) a systematic review of the association between school and classes' ethnic diversity and bullying and victimization; 2) a cross-sectional study on the role of ethnic diversity (legal and perceived) on bullying victimization; 3) a longitudinal study on the differential impact of COVID-19 on victimization and emotional symptoms, focusing on natives and students with immigrant background. Finally, the main results of the three studies are discussed, the implications for future studies and interventions are suggested and, policy and education practices are recommended.

The general aim of this study is to investigate how kids and adolescents conceptualize online privacy and the concern about their online privacy through a developmental perspective, while also trying to understand its impact on a safe online surfing environment. Three studies were conducted: 1) a systematic review, which was aimed to clarify the relative strengths and weaknesses of the literature about the construct of online privacy and online privacy concerns among kids and adolescents; 2) a qualitative study, aimed to understand how adolescents define – and consequently understand – the concept of online privacy; 3) a quantitative study, which aimed at addressing whether online surfing is associated with online privacy concerns and with GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) differently across different ages during adolescence. Finally, the results of the three studies were analysed and discussed in light of the theory background. An analysis of the literature showed how children may have difficulties to fully understand risks in unusual contexts, and that they can have difficulties in responding to situations when they struggled to recognise or understand fully the risks involved. The results of the three studies are discussed, underlining how adolescents understand their online privacy, if they are concerned about their data online, how we should help them manage better their privacy online, and how we should design services, applications and devices to help kids understand better the implication of the Internet on their 'onlife' (Floridi, 2015).

The Memorial for the Italian died in nazi camps is an artistic masterpiece commissioned in 1979 by the National Association Former Prisoneers in nazi camp. It was inagurated in 1980 in the National Auschwitz Museum as permanent Italian exhibition. In 2008, the museum board launched a complain about the italian exhibition: its complexion was full of echoes about the Italian Resistance. Hence, it was judged ununderstandable but also politically dangerous as Poland changed regime after 1989. In 2011, the Museum closed the italian exhibition and the National Association moved it in Florence. The paper describe how the exhibition was opened and how it worked as a tool for present time.

The 43rd UID conference, held in Genova, takes up the theme of 'Dialogues' as practice and debate on many fundamental topics in our social life, especially in these complex and not yet resolved times. The city of Genova offers the opportunity to ponder on the value of comparison and on the possibilities for the community, naturally focused on the aspects that concern us, as professors, researchers, disseminators of knowledge, or on all the possibile meanings of the discipline of representation and its dialogue with 'others', which we have broadly catalogued in three macro areas: History, Semiotics, Science / Technology. Therefore, "dialogue" as a profitable exchange based on a common language, without which it is impossible to comprehend and understand one another; and the graphic sign that connotes the conference is the precise transcription of this concept: the title 'translated' into signs, derived from the visual alphabet designed for the visual identity of the UID since 2017. There are many topics which refer to three macro sessions: - Witnessing (signs and history) - Communicating (signs and semiotics) - Experimenting (signs and sciences) Thanks to the different points of view, an exceptional resource of our disciplinary area, we want to try to outline the prevailing theoretical-operational synergies, the collaborative lines of an instrumental nature, the recent updates of the repertoires of images that attest and nourish the relations among representation, history, semiotics, sciences.

The Museums of educational heritage - especially those established in University Departments – represent an extraordinary resource for scientific research, education, and the Third Mission, which is aimed at promoting collaboration, dialogue and exchange between the University and its territory to generate knowledge and benefit of social, cultural, and economic nature as well. Within the Third Mission precisely lies Public History defined as "the communication of history outside academic environments" (AIPH 2018). In this framework the paper presents some examples of educational projects and activities carried out with local schools and communities by the "Mauro Laeng" Museum of school and education at the University of Roma Tre, and by the "Paolo & Ornella Ricca" Museum of school history at the University of Macerata. The final aim is to provide a methodological approach, project ideas, and operational tools for inspiring schoolteachers and professors, university researchers and museum educators.

The paper deals with how Public History and Public History of Education can be applied in secondary schools. Several advantages can be achieved through their presence: firstly, they enhance the role of workshops in studying history; secondly, they increase the motivation in Special Education Needs students. Three project works will be presented as they show how Public History of Education can stimulate interdisciplinarity.

The contribution aims at discussing the word "Resistenza" in the framework of the life of the communities sinti and rom, between present and past decades. On one side the paper aims at highlighting the contribution rom and sinti gave to Resistance and ti-fascist movement, on the other side it shows sinti and rom's resistance against prejudices and stereotypes which determine their present. The riappropriation of their communitarian history as their national history can be considered as a powerful tool for building people's identity as citizens and it marks a path toward sharing and inclusion.