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From a conception of philosophy that breaks with the philosophical tradition, Wittgenstein presents a human being perspective that surpasses the classic dichotomy between body and soul, legacy by Modernity, when thinking of it as an integrated whole, a psychophysical unit. This understanding is possible thanks to the understanding of philosophy as an activity and not as a theory. At first, the philosopher understood that this activity was limited to the logical analysis of language; however, considering the insufficient approach to dissolve philosophical problems, he gradually adopts the grammatical analysis of ordinary language, which turns to the uses of linguistic expressions, in order to identify the rules that guide the use of words with meaning. And so, attentive to linguistic practices, he understands that the human being is not divided into parts, but, on the contrary, that body and soul constitute a single reality. What is internal to the subject (the soul) becomes visible through the external (the body) from its behavior in the world, and this is how the human being can be understood according to Wittgenstein. Considering that the Wittgensteinian conception of human being is an offshoot of his concept of philosophy, the article first presents the development of his understanding of philosophy to then detail the concept of human being that constitutes and is understood through the language itself.

Esse tema é tratado em uma abordagem fenomenológica, notadamente a husserliana, destacando-se a concepção de corpo-próprio. A idéia central trabalhada concerne à intencionalidade e aos respectivos atos da consciência como sendo o "quê" nos mantém unidos ao outro no ciberespaço. O virtual será enfocado no contexto da filosofia, em que ele se mostra como dimensões do real. São trabalhadas as concepções de não-atual, referindo-se ao potencial, virtual, provável, e de atual, entendido como o realizado por atos, fazendo com que o não-atual se torne atual.

O presente trabalho analisa, à luz da ontologia marxiana, a formação voltada para a empregabilidade contida nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (1998/1999), nos Temas Transversais (1998) e nas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do Ensino Médio (1999). A análise desta problemática, com base nos fundamentos da perspectiva ontológico-marxiana, permitiu constatar que a formação na perspectiva da empregabilidade articula-se com as categorias da cidadania e do consumidor. A empregabilidade cumpre o papel de adequação dos indivíduos a um mercado de trabalho cada vez mais instável e em crise estrutural, tendo o campo da cidadania e do mercado consumidor como lugares naturais nas disputas e conquistas dos sujeitos sociais. A abordagem defendida pelos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais apresenta a sociabilidade do capital como algo insuperável e intocável, cabendo apenas transformar a consciência dos homens, capacitando-os para o enfretamento dos desafios de um mundo tecnologicamente desenvolvido e economicamente mundializado. A critica realizada por nossa análise, pauta-se na explicitação das implicações e limites dessa proposta para a formação humana, compreendendo que a proposta dos documentos analisados mantém os efeitos do trabalho alienado sobre o trabalhador, legitimando e naturalizando a desumanização inerente às relações sociais da sociabilidade capitalista. Quanto à vida coletiva, os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais e os Temas Transversais sugerem a cidadania e o mercado consumidor. Entendemos que essa vida coletiva tem uma existência abstrata e vazia de sentido, pois restringe-se ao espaço da política e do mercado, controlados e necessários à reprodução desse sistema. E por fim, tentamos demonstrar as possibilidades de uma atividade educativa que vislumbre uma formação para além do capital.

The article aims to identify as the main passions that run through the Hobbesian theoretical corpus. To this end, the exhibition will begin by analyzing the mechanism of the passions founded by the author. Next, it will be highlighted how unbridled passions make peaceful coexistence between individuals unfeasible, establishing a scenario in which conflicts are inevitable. Two passions will be analyzed in more detail: vainglory and fear. After emphasizing that the Hobbesian man tends naturally to his own benefit, to competition and to domination, representing a threat to the other, it will be pointed out how the State asserts itself as the necessary that aims to discipline like passions. This part of the argument will analyze as desirable passions for the maintenance of civil life, with emphasis on hope, the desire for comfort and delight, the desire for knowledge and the arts, as well as for fear and vainglory itself.

This 45th Activity Report of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights (ACHPR or the Commission), which was presented to the Heads of State and Government of the African Union (AU) in accordance with Article 54 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights (the African Charter or the Charter), covers the period from 10 May to 13 November 2018. It highlights, among others: the statutory and other institutional meetings of the Commission; the status of State reporting; Resolutions adopted by the Commission; the human rights complaints before the Commission; the various interventions of the Commission on human rights issues including Urgent Appeal Letters, Press Releases and Letters of Appreciation; the human rights situation on the continent; financial, staffing and operational matters of the Commission; implementation of the Recommendations of the Executive Council and Recommendations to the different stakeholders.

Executive Council Thirty-Fourth Ordinary Session 7 – 8 February 2019 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ; This 45th Activity Report of the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights (ACHPR or the Commission), which is presented to the Heads of State and Government of the African Union (AU) in accordance with Article 54 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights (the African Charter or the Charter), covers the period from 10 May to 13 November 2018. It highlights, among others: the statutory and other institutional meetings of the Commission; the status of State reporting; Resolutions adopted by the Commission; the human rights complaints before the Commission; the various interventions of the Commission on human rights issues including Urgent Appeal Letters, Press Releases and Letters of Appreciation; the human rights situation on the continent; financial, staffing and operational matters of the Commission; implementation of the Recommendations of the Executive Council and Recommendations to the different stakeholders.

Executive Council Thirty-Fourth Ordinary Session 7 – 8 February 2019 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ; The African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights (the Court) was established in terms of Article 1 of the Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Establishment of an African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights (hereinafter referred to as "the Protocol"), adopted on 9 June 1998, in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, by the then Organization of African Unity (OAU). The Protocol entered into force on 25 January 2004. The Court became operational in 2006 and is composed of eleven (11) Judges elected by the Executive Council and appointed by the Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the African Union. The Seat of the Court is in Arusha, the United Republic of Tanzania. Article 31 of the Protocol mandates the Court to "…submit to each regular session of the Assembly, a report on its work. The report shall specify, in particular, the cases in which a State has not complied with the Court's judgment.

This paper's purpose is to presente how the german philosopher Martin Heidegger proposes a return to the thought of being. At first, he points out the importante of this fundamental question, which was forgotten by the metaphysical tradition. His argument unfolds that thought of being is the essence of thinking. In times of sciences and technology, Heidegger defends the need to rescue this thought as a primordial task of human existence and that enables us to ask questions about the meaning that beings, Being in general and ourselves holds.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the origins and consequences of machination (Machenschaft) in the history of Western thought. For this purpose, we make an ontological-phenomenological reading of the question of technique from Heidegger's meditations, especially in his Contributions to Philosophy (Of the Event), published in 1989. The reflections here think of machination as a disposition that, in its genesis, reveals itself as an event beyond the strength and will of man, highlighting the abandonment and forgetfulness of being as founding events of history. We seek to show the true meaning of the historical condition of the entities in the contemporary context by showing how the occultation and the absence of being represent the original background of existence. Thus, the fundamental point of this text is the indication that the force of essential absence may have more robustness than the presence of any entity.

Faced with economic crisis and stagnation, the Brazilian government, in the fiscal realm, has been characterized by the adoption of exemption tax policies. In this scenario, the present study aimed to investigate the behavior of some dimensions of industrial activity, having as its central focus the effect that the Tax on Industrialized Products exemptions has on the economic growth of Brazilian municipalities. The empirical strategy employed used statistical models in panel data and quantile regression, taking the period between 2007 and 2017. The main results indicated that, even with the positive behavior of industrial activity, especially between 2009 and 2013, the exemptions did not contribute to the economic growth of Brazilian municipalities. ; Diante de crise e estagnação econômica, o governo brasileiro, no âmbito fiscal, tem se caracterizado pela adoção de políticas tributárias desonerativas. Nesse cenário, o presente trabalho visou investigar o comportamento de algumas dimensões da atividade industrial, tendo como mote central o efeito das desonerações do Imposto Sobre Produtos Industrializados no crescimento econômico dos municípios brasileiros. A estratégia empírica consistiu no uso de modelos estatísticos em dados em painel e regressão quantílica, tomando como referência o período entre os anos de 2007 e 2017. Dentre os principais resultados destacam-se o fato de que mesmo com o comportamento positivo da atividade industrial, principalmente entre os anos de 2009 e 2013, as desonerações não contribuíram para o crescimento econômico dos municípios brasileiros.