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In: Kataloge des Österreichischen Museums für Volkskunde 84
The results of the UK referendum in favour of leaving the European Union (EU) clearly put into question the European economic and political project as well as its institutional structure. This article argues that the Brexit may be a momentum to reform the institutional structure and procedural rules through which tax policy is made at the EU level. The UK referendum is indeed unlikely to further slow down the EU harmonization process in tax matters, which has always followed a tortuous path. Instead, the Brexit may give momentum to reform major weaknesses of the EU institutional and decision-making process in tax matters, in particular the unanimity rule and the role of the European Parliament. Finally, with regard to taxation specifically, the establishment of an EU tax, providing the EU with sufficient genuine own resource, could also reinforce EU's legitimacy by countering the criticisms related to Member States' contribution to the European budget.
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World Affairs Online
The objectives of the research on the study and extensive review of cultural identity of the ASEAN countries leading to development guidelines and enhancing the awareness in ASEAN identity were to study and extensive review of cultural identity of the ASEAN countries, and develop guidelines for enhancing the awareness in the ASEAN identity. This research is the qualitative research methodology which is comprised of the process of studying, analyzing data from documents, documentary research, in-depth interview and expert group discussions to develop guidelines for enhancing awareness in ASEAN identity. The results showed that the cultural identity of ASEAN countries consists of; 1) Peace, freedom and harmony; 2) Stability and steadiness; 3) Unity; 4) Mutual benefit cooperation; 5) Reliance; 6) Giving people as a center of development; 7) Mutual respect; 8) ASEAN organizational structure; 9) Flexibility; 10) Consciousness of love in art and culture; 11) Participation; 12) Southeast Asia territory; 13) ASEAN flag; 14) ASEAN music; 15) Rice symbol; and 16) Mutual understanding. With all identities would also reflect the culture, tradition, rules and social systems of various countries in the ASEAN community. Therefore, in order to create a total consciousness of ASEAN, it is necessary to build guidelines to enhance awareness and recognition in the ASEAN identity as follows; 1) Using English in daily life; 2) Learning different cultures 3; Learning in real situations and practice; 4) Cultivating consciousness and attitude; 5) Working as a team, by combining many nationalities; 6) Excursions in neighboring countries, etc.
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In: 55445
In: https://dspace.lu.lv/dspace/handle/7/33998
Maģistra darba mērķis ir izvērtēt Āfrikas Savienības (ĀS) nozīmi miera un drošības uzturēšanā, darba sākumā izvirzot apgalvojumu, ka ĀS lielākie izaicinājumi miera uzturēšanā un konfliktu risināšanā ir nespēja nodrošināt nepieciešamo resursu mobilizāciju un spēku ģenerēšanu. Darba teorētiskajā ietvarā tiek aplūkoti miera uzturēšanas un konfliktu pārvaldības principi, kā arī reģionālo organizāciju loma miera uzturēšanā. Darba tālākajā gaitā tiek aplūkoti drošības izaicinājumi Āfrikā, ĀS izveides vēsturiskais konteksts un tās galvenie darbības principi un miera uzturēšanas un konfliktu pārvaldības instrumenti. Pētījuma analīzes daļā tiek izvērtētas ĀS miera uzturēšanas misijas Burundi, Sudānā un Somālijā, analizējot ĀS ieguldījumu šo konfliktu risināšanā. Darba noslēgumā tika apkopoti ĀS miera un drošības uzturēšanas ierobežojumi un izaicinājumi. ; The main aim of this thesis is to assess the role of the African Union (AU) in the maintenance of peace and security in Africa. This study focuses on the argument that the main challenge affecting the AU's peacekeeping and conflict resolution capabilities is the inability to provide the necessary resource mobilization and force generation. The theoretical basis of this thesis consists of peacekeeping, conflict management and resolution principles, as well as the role of regional organizations in the maintenance of peace and security. Further discussed topics are the security challenges in Africa, the establishment of the AU, as well as its key operating principles and peacekeeping and conflict management tools. The analysis section focuses on the AU peacekeeping missions in Burundi, Sudan and Somalia, which were selected to evaluate the role of the AU.
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This article investigates what happens when governmental actors foster the participation of non-state actors (NSAs) in treaty ratification and implementation decisions. NSAs, being non-governmental organisations, business groups, citizens, or research institutions among others represent interests that will be ultimately impacted by policy choices. While governments have long consulted them on an ad hoc basis, a "deliberative turn" happened in the 2000s to encourage their involvement, for greater legitimacy and transparency, through among others, the use of public consultations. This proactive turn raises questions about public consultations: are such instruments effective? Do they encourage new thinking? Do they matter for final decisions? This article answers these questions by investigating, using among others lexicometry tools, the public consultation organised by the European Commission in 2011 prior to the ratification of the Nagoya Protocol on access and benefit sharing (ABS) by the European Union in 2014. The results are mixed. While the studied public consultation favoured the expression of small national NSAs the process is still poorly inclusive. NSAs did not propose any fresh ideas on the ABS issue and their final influence on European decision-makers is blurred by the diversity of interests expressed.
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cover -- संक्षिप्त अनुक्रमणिका -- विस्तृत अनुक्रमणिका -- आकृत्यांची सूची -- तक्त्यांची सूची -- प्रस्तावना -- पुस्तकाविषयी -- लेखक परिचय -- ऋणनिर्देश -- विभाग १ पसरलेले पंख -- प्रकरण १ १९५० नंतरच्या सर्वसमावेशक वृद्धीच्या विकास धोरणांची स्पर्धात्मक सापेक्षता: पूर्वावलोकन -- प्रकरण २ विकास प्रक्रियेचा अनुभव -- विभाग 2 वैकासिक क्रांतीची चिकित्सा -- प्रकरण 3 वैकासिक क्रांतीचे पुनःपरीक्षणः किती वास्तव? -- प्रकरण ४ वैकासिक क्रांतीच्या प्रेरणा -- प्रकरण ५ वैकासिक क्रांती: खुली होती का बंदिस्त? -- प्रकरण ६ वैकासिक क्रांती आणि सर्वसमावेशक वाढीचा ध्यास -- विभाग ३ उदारमतवाद एक दुःस्वप्न -- प्रकरण ७ उदारमतवादाचा उद्रेक -- प्रकरण ८ उदारमतवादाचा चढता आलेख -- प्रकरण ९ नैतिक अधिकारांचे उदारमतवादी तत्त्वज्ञान आणि त्यांची आर्थिक विषयपत्रिका -- प्रकरण १० उदारमतवादाने सर्वसमावेशक वृद्धीकडे केलेले दुर्लक्ष -- विभाग ४ उदारमतवादाची एक लाट सामावून घेणे -- प्रकरण ११ उदारमतवादासमोरील सैद्धान्तिक आव्हाने -- प्रकरण १२ खाजगीकरणाची काळी बाजू -- प्रकरण १३ संरचनात्मक समायोजन उपक्रम आणि सर्वसमावेशक नसणारा विकास -- प्रकरण १४ उदारमतवादाचा नीतीनिरपेक्ष पाया -- विभाग ५ मानव संसाधन उपक्रम -- प्रकरण १५ मानव विकास उपक्रम -- प्रकरण १६ सर्वप्रथम मनुष्यबळ विकास व्यूहरचना -- प्रकरण १७ सर्वप्रथम मनुष्यबळ विकास आणि विकासकेंद्रित व्यूहरचना यापैकी एकाची निवड -- प्रकरण १८ वृद्धीसंबंधित समस्या आणि मानवी विकास उपक्रम -- प्रकरण १९ मानव विकास उपक्रम आणि सर्वसमावेशक विकासाचा ध्यास -- विभाग ६ सर्वसमावेशक विकास -- प्रकरण २० सर्वसमावेशक विकास व्यूहनीती -- प्रकरण २१ सर्वसमावेशक विकास व्यूहनीतीची मूलतत्त्वे -- प्रकरण २२ सर्वसमावेशक विकासाचा शोध -- प्रकरण २३ वृद्धी, समानता आणि दारिद्र्य यांमधील मूलभूत संबंध -- प्रकरण २४ सर्वसमावेशक विकासाचे सुलभीकरण -- प्रकरण २५ सर्वसमावेशक विकास व्यूहनीतीची नैतिक प्रेरणा -- प्रकरण २६ प्रखर वास्तव उजेडात आणणे -- संदर्भग्रंथ सूची.
The EUROSUR system is supposed to further the surveillance of external borders of European Union Member States. From this point of view, it can be considered an important step in the construction of a controlled space. Drawing inspiration from the Foucauldian attention to programs and technologies, and mobilizing the Actor- Network-Theory concepts of setting and actant, the paper investigates EUROSUR main methodological operations. It highlights how the making of a controlled space is, first and foremost, a mise-en-discours going well beyond surveillance and pro- hibition: a continuous effort to make sense of a disparate multiplicity, encompassing both human and nonhuman elements, both controlled and controlling ones. From a theoretical perspective, the chapter contributes to on-going endeavors to reinvigor- ate the post-structuralist studies of International Relations with approaches inspired by Actor-Network-Theory.
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