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Analyzes challenges to the "separation of powers" doctrine that encompasses executive orders and presidential signing statements. Presidential signing statements are issued to accompany the signing of legislation passed by Congress into law, often addressing the policy issues involved.

A comprehensive regional study of women in the political executive power.

Women in Executive Power studies the participation of women in the political executive around the world-notably in cabinet positions as ministers and sub-ministers and as heads of government and state. Providing multiple case studies in each chapter, the book provides regional overviews of nine different world regions covering those with the fewest to the most women in executive power. Evaluating the role of socio-cultural, economic and political variables of women's access to cabinet positions and positions of head of state and government, the book shows that women are increasingly moving int

Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Table of Cases -- Table of Legislation -- PART I: EXECUTIVE POWER IN AUSTRALIA -- 1. Introduction -- I. The Scope of this Book -- II. Overview and Structure of the Book -- 2. The Executive Power of the Commonwealth -- I. Section 61 of the Australian Constitution -- II. Sources of Commonwealth Executive Power -- III. A Framework of Analysis: The 'Breadth' and 'Depth' of Commonwealth Executive Power -- IV. Conclusion -- PART II: THE SCOPE OF THE NATIONHOOD POWER -- 3. The Development of the Nationhood Power in the Australian Case Law -- I. The Nationhood Power, Appropriations and Spending in the Australian Assistance Plan Case -- II. The Development of the Nationhood Power in Davis v Commonwealth -- III. The Nationhood Power and Commonwealth Spending -- IV. Limitations on the Nationhood Power -- V. Conclusion -- 4. The Nationhood Power and the Use of the Armed Forces During Emergencies -- I. The Constitutional Framework -- II. The Statutory Framework: Part IIIAAA of the Defence Act 1903 (Cth) -- III. Use of the ADF During Civil Emergencies in Australia -- IV. Scope of Commonwealth Executive Power to Use the ADF During Emergencies -- V. Conclusion -- 5. The Nationhood Power and Border Protection -- I. The Tampa Case -- II. The Tampa Case: Expanding the 'Depth' of the Executive Power? -- III. The Relationship between Commonwealth Executive Power and the Migration Act 1958 (Cth) -- IV. Conclusion -- PART III: LIMITATIONS ON THE NATIONHOOD POWER -- 6. Federalism as a Limit on the Nationhood Power -- I. Substantive Conception of Federalism Underpinning the Nationhood Power Cases -- II. Competition with State Executive Competence -- III. Availability of Other Constitutional Mechanisms and the Relevance of State Consent -- IV. Conclusion -- 7. Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index.

This essay examines some of the challenges to the doctrine of separation of powers posed by two facets of presidential power: the executive order and the presidential signing statement. Unilateral presidential action through executive orders calls into question the distinction between legislative and executive functions as provided in the U.S. Constitution. The innovative use of the presidential signing statement as an opportunity for the executive to declare portions of legislation to be unconstitutional also blurs the distinction between these separate branches of government. Contemporary exercise of executive power poses challenges to the Madisonian model of government and to concomitant democratic norms.