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The article considers factors determining the peculiarities of the integration processes in Iraqi Kurdistan. The formation of Iraqi Kurdistan as a social-political community was determined by the growth of national consciousness of the population of the autonomy, and by accelerating processes of self-determination under the influence of a number of external and internal reasons. The national identity of the Iraqi Kurds as a part of the Kurdish people is based on the same historical background, language, and culture, on the mental attribution of the Kurds to the single group, which is explained not only by historical facts, but also by a specific worldview and myths sometimes divorced from reality but rooted in the collective representations. The external pressure of direct aggression and political enforcement to the assimilation plays a key role in the consolidation of the Iraqi Kurds and in the growth of their national self-determination: the resistance to the common enemy strengthens the national identity of the Iraqi Kurds. The author examines factors both general for all the Kurds and specific for Iraqi Kurdistan, i.e. the strengthening of the common form of language through the education, literature and media institutions, and the development of economic relations and civil and political institutions, which is due to the autonomy status of Iraqi Kurdistan. The article identifies and examines objective reasons preventing intensive integration processes in the community of Iraqi Kurds, which are, on the one hand, the influence of the external forces including neighbor states, transnational corporations, the authorities of Baghdad, and the growing military aggression of the armed terrorist groups; on the other hand, the slowdown of integration processes inside Iraqi Kurdistan are due to the internal contradictions in the autonomy determined by the features of the social and political structure of the Kurd society, such as tribalism, immaturity of the political system, and ethnic and religious diversity.

The problem of the spread of extremist organizations' activities in the South of Russia is intensified due to the increasing role of international actors and the influence of neighboring States. Extremist groups are included in the sphere of interests of countries with high level of institutional instability that have unresolved territorial administrative problems and also major terrorist organizations such as the 'Islamic State' (ISIL) prohibited on the territory of the Russian Federation. The author applies an institutional method to determine the role of international influence on the development of extremist organizations in the South of Russia. Despite the decline in its activity, the ISIL continues to be among the priority threats to international security. The Russian Federation has successfully conducted anti-terrorist operation in Syria, while the ISIL operates in Iraq and other regions of the world. Its area of interest includes Russia, since the ISIL units exist on the territory of the Caucasus region and the Crimean Peninsula. At the same time, the territory of the Rostov region and the Republic of Crimea are subjected to the influence of the Ukrainian geo-strategic interests. The Ukrainian authorities act with territorial claims to the Russian Federation on a number of border regions as well as organize sabotage operations and support marginal movements. The so-called 'Circassian question' continues to be significant for the South of Russia. In the context of the present research, the author poses the problem of considering the interaction of neighboring countries and extremist organizations in the Russian border regions. The institutional research approaches allow determining the main "point of tension" in the southern border area, and to identify the main actors influencing the extremist organization. The results of the work give conclusions about the main directions of foreign States' influence on the regions of the South of Russia and counteraction to them by the security authorities.

While previous Israeli governments have tried to depopulate Gaza, today there is a growing momentum to carry out mass transfer-with American support.

AGRICULTURAL, ENVIRONMENTAL & NATURAL SCIENCES SOCIAL, PEDAGOGY SCIENCES & HUMANITIES MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SCIENCES REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURE ECONOMIC, MANAGEMENT & MARKETING SCIENCES LEGAL, LEGISLATION AND POLITICAL SCIENCES

Any broader peace agreement between Armenia and Azerbaijan would signal the start of a new era in the South Caucasus. Russia's influence would decline, and Turkey's-grow.

leyds-60-7775.pdf created from original pamphlet in the WJ Leyds Collection held in the Africana Section of the Stellenbosch University Library and Information Service.

The results of a comprehensive study of the reference section of the Upper Maastrichtian of Mount Klementyev (South-Eastern Crimea), composed of a terrigeneous-carbonate strata. It was found that sedimentation occurred in relatively deep-water conditions. Biostratigraphic analysis of benthic and planktonic foraminifera assemblages made it possible to identify foraminiferal zones in the section and confirm the deep-water type of sedimentation in the basin at this interval.

В работе рассматриваются южнославянские фразеологизмы с компонентом – названием молочных продуктов и блюд турецкого генезиса на фоне других языков. Ведущее место среди заимствований в языках большинства южных славян в силу исторических причин занимают османизмы (термин подчеркивает, что лексемы вошли в принимающие языки во время Оттоманской империи книжным путем или через устную речь). В результате длительного общения в быт и языки народов Южной Славии вместе с молочными продуктами и блюдами вошли их названия – калькированные и часто переоформленные в соответствии с нормами произношения языка-реципиента. Цель статьи – показать фразеопотенциал таких молочных продуктов и блюд, приготовленных на молоке, как каймак, йогурт, айран, сутлияш, в корпусах фразеологии Болгарии, Боснии и Герцеговины, Македонии, Сербии и Хорватии. Актуальность работы обусловлена необходимостью комплексного изучения фразеологии для выявления общего и идиоэтничного. Материал изучения – устаревшие и активно употребляющиеся в наши дни в некоторых регионах Южной Славии фразеологические единицы с тюркским компонентом заявленной тематики, взятые из фразеологических словарей и интернет-источников. Методы исследования – анализ компонентов, синхронно-описательный, сопоставительный. Структурно-семантические модели фразеологизмов и пословиц демонстрируют межъязыковую общность мотивационных идей и одновременно выявляемое на уровне образности специфичное.
The paper examines South Slavic phraseological units with the following component - the name of dairy products and dishes of Turkish origin against the background of other languages. The leading place among loanwords in the languages of the majority of the Southern Slavs due to historical reasons is occupied by Ottomans (the term emphasizes that lexemes entered the host languages during the Ottoman Empire by book or oral speech). As a result of long-term communication, the everyday life and languages of the peoples of South Slavia, along with dairy products and dishes, included their names – calcified and often re-formed in accordance with the norms of pronunciation of the recipient language. The purpose of the article is to show the phraseological potential of such names of dairy products and dishes prepared with milk as kaymak, yogurt, ayran, sutliyash in the phraseology of Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Serbia and Croatia. The relevance of the work is due to the need for a comprehensive study of phraseology to identify common and idioethnic. The material of the study is outdated and actively used nowadays in some regions of South Slavia phraseological units with a Turkic component of the declared topic. Research methods are component analysis, synchronous-descriptive, comparative. The structural and semantic models of phraseological units and proverbs demonstrate the interlanguage commonality of motivational ideas and specificity revealed at the level of imagery at the same time.

North Africa has never been at the center of Russian foreign policy. On one side, this sub-region has always been seen as a part of the broader Middle East; at the same time, it is considered to belong to the Mediterranean world. This two-sided position defines the ambiguity of interpretations Moscow's actions towards specific North African nations can get. Nevertheless, in the recent years Russia has started to work more actively in the region, both in economic and (to a lesser extent) in political fields. The following article discusses Russia's relationships with the politically stable nations of North Africa as well as the policy towards Libya, looked into as a separate issue, the analysis of which requires a brief review of post-revolutionary political development inside the country. Comparing specific cases, one can define a variety of traits characterizing Russia's policy in North Africa both on sub-regional and country levels. ; Северная Африка никогда не находилась в центре российской внешней политики. Этот субрегион воспринимался всегда, с одной стороны, как часть расширенного Ближнего Востока, а с другой, как часть средиземноморского мира. Подобная двойственность восприятия определяет неоднозначность возможных интерпретаций действий, предпринимающихся Москвой в отношении отдельных стран региона. При этом в последние годы наблюдается рост российской активности в Северной Африке - как экономической, так и (хотя и в меньшей степени) политической. В статье рассматривается динамика отношений России со стабильными странами региона и отдельно - российская политика в Ливии. Анализ последней требует приведения краткого обзора внутриливийского политического развития в постреволюционный период. Сравнение отдельных кейсов позволяет выделить ряд специфических черт, характеризующих североафриканскую политику России как на субрегиональном, так и на страновом уровнях.