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This collection of readings on the concept of ideology is brought together by the Marxist critic, Terry Eagleton. His introduction traces the historical evolution of ideology and examines in a more theoretical style the various meanings of the word and their significance. The readings begin with the first English translations of some of the writing of the French founder of the concept in the eighteenth century. They then move from the enlightenment to Hegel and Marxism, with particular emphasis on Marx and Engels themselves. They also look at other eighteenth-century traditions of thought such

The field of U.S. history today is characterized by a mania for management. The "new" history of capitalism has focused its attention on the creation and daily reanimation of the grand abstraction from which it draws its title: the mid-level market makers who take capital and transform it into capitalism. In the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis, increasing numbers of historians have turned their attention to the histories of powerful historical actors we have too long ignored or dismissed as "dead white men" unworthy of the attention of the properly progressive historian: financiers, bankers, and businessmen of all kinds. Despite the obvious importance of the task and the avowedly critical purpose of the turn towards the study of the mechanisms of market practice, however, some of the bolder claims that have been used to mark out the novelty of this "new" history seem unwarranted, perhaps even misguided.

1. The problem of ethical scepticism -- 2. The significance of ethical scepticism -- 3. Jefferson and James -- 4. Hobbes and modern natural right -- 5. Aristotle and the status of ideological appeals -- 6. Von Wright and the naturalistic fallacy -- 7. The problem of the moral hero.

We study the causal effect of school curricula on students' stated beliefs and attitudes. We exploit a major textbook reform in China that was rolled out between 2004 and 2010 with the explicit intention of shaping youths' ideology. To measure its effect, we present evidence from a novel survey we conducted among 2000 students at Peking University. The sharp, staggered introduction of the new curriculum across provinces allows us to identify the effects of the new educational content in a generalized difference in differences framework. We examine government documents articulating desired consequences of the reform, and identify changes in textbook content and college entrance exams that reflect the government's aims. These changes were often effective: study under the new curriculum is robustly associated with changed views on political participation and democracy in China, increased trust in government officials, and a more skeptical view of free markets.

Politicians are considered to be the ones whose honesty is doubtful. This is proven by the fact that there are a lot of negative perception about them. Most of the people know that their ideology is power. In public discussion they often violate or apply politeness with the purpose to get as much power as possible. How polite they are in using the language will be measured by the combination of Grice's maxims of cooperative principles (1975) and Leech's mxims of politeness principle. Through analysing the language used by politicians in the talk show Today;s Dialogue, it was found that there were violation and application of politeness in their effort to realize their ideology, which is power.

1. Theorising sport : an introduction / Jennifer Hargreaves -- 2. Sport, culture and ideology / John Hargreaves -- 3. 'Highlights and action replays' : ideology, sport and the media / Alan Clarke and John Clarke -- 4. Women and leisure / Christine Griffin. [et al.] -- 5. Women in sport in ideology / Paul Willis -- 6. Sport and youth culture / David Robins -- 7. On the sports violence question : soccer hooliganism revisited / Ian Taylor -- 8. Sport and drugs / Martyn Lucking -- 9. Sport and communism : on the example of the USSR / James Riordan -- 10. The politics of sport apartheid / Peter Hain.

A Question of Honor: Some Remarks on the Sexual Habits of German Soldiers during World War II / Regina Muhlhauser -- Nazi Ideology and Propaganda -- Nazi Military Ethics during Total Combat / Peter J. Haas -- The Role of Evolutionary Ethics in Nazi Propaganda and Worldview Training / Richard Weikart -- Nazi Ethics: The Medical Discourse -- Turning Away From the Individual: Medicine and Morality Under the Nazis / Florian Bruns -- "Mercy Killing" and Economism: On Ethical Patterns of Justification for Nazi "Euthanasia" / Uwe Kaminsky.

Tavistock Press was established as a co-operative venture between the Tavistock Institute and Routledge & Kegan Paul (RKP) in the 1950s to produce a series of major contributions across the social sciences. This volume is part of a 2001 reissue of a selection of those important works which have since gone out of print, or are difficult to locate. Published by Routledge, 112 volumes in total are being brought together under the name The International Behavioural and Social Sciences Library: Classics from the Tavistock Press. Reproduced here in facsimile, this volume was originally published in