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Hawari, Anwar al-: Qabla an tada'u 'l-harb auzaraha. = Before the war ends. - S. 42-43. Qar'i, Ahmad Yusuf: Maglis al-Amn wa-ma'ziq al-amn al-gama'i ad-dauli. = The Security Council and the crisis of international security. - S. 44-49. 'Abd-al-Magid, Wahid: Al-Idara al-'iraqiya li-'l-azma wa-'l-harb. = The Iraqi management of the political crisis and the war. - S. 50-53. Mahmud, Ahmad Ibrahim: Harb al-Halig at-talita: al-istiratigiyat al-'askariya wa-dalalat as-sumud al-'iraqi. = Military strategies and Iraqi resistance. - S. 54-59. Nasrawi, Saif: Hizb al-Ba't wa-'l-harb al-amrikiya 'ala 'l-'Iraq. = The Baath Party and the US war on Iraq. - S. 60-65. 'Abd-al-Fattah, Basir: Al-Gais al-'iraqi wa-'l-wad' as-siyasi fi 'Iraq ma ba'd al-harb. = The role of the army in post-war Iraq. - S. 66-71. 'Ali, Magauri Salabi: Al-Iqtisad al-'iraqi... min al-hisar ila ma ba'd al-harb. = The economy of Iraq: from sanctions to war. - S. 72-81. Nawar, Ibrahim: Mustaqbal al-'Iraq: mahammat i'adat al-bina' as-siyasi wa-'l-mu'assasi. = The political and institutional reconstruction of Iraq. - S. 82-91. Sa'dawi, 'Atif: Akrad al-'Iraq baina 'l-muntazir wa-'l-mustaqbal al-manzur. = The future of the Kurds. - S. 92-95. 'Abd-as-Safi', 'Isam: Mu'assasat sun' al-qarar al-amrikiya wa-idarat al-azma al-'iraqiya. = The management by US decision-making institutions of the Iraqi crisis. - S. 96-107. Anani, Halil al-: Al-Iqtisad al-amriki: hisabat al-taklifa wa-'l-'a'id. = The US economy. The cost and returns of war. - S. 108-117. Salama, Adib Nagib: Al-Kana'is al-amrikiya tawaguh siyasat ar-ra'is Bus. = The US Church stands up to Bush policies. - S. 118-123. Idris, Muhammad as-Sa'id: Maglis at-Ta'awun al-Haligi wa-'l-'Iraq. = The Gulf states and Iraq. - S. 124-131. Hamada, Amal: Iran wa-'s-Sarq al-Ausat al-gadid. = Iran and the new Middle East. - S. 132-139. Dimitri, Hani 'Adil: Mu'dilat siyasat Turkiya 'l-harigiya tugaha 'l-azmat al-'iraqiya. = Turkish foreign policy and the problems of the Iraqi crisis. - S. 140-149. Gad, 'Imad: Ar-Ru'ya al-isra'iliya li-'l-harb 'ala 'l-'Iraq wa-ma ba'daha. = Israel's perspective on the war and its consequences. - S. 150-153. Sarqawi, Yusra as-: Amrikiya 'l-Latiniya wa-'l-harb al-amrikiya 'ala 'l-'Iraq. = Latin America and the war on Iraq. - S. 154-159. Muhammad, 'Ala' Guma'a: Al-Iqtisad ad-dauli baina 'l-kasad wa-'l-harb. = The impact of the war on the world economy. - S. 160-163

"Han passat cent anys des que es va fer la pregunta que avui és famosa a la Xina: 'Quan podrà la Xina convidar el món sencer a Pequín per a una competició internacional olímpica?'. Al 2008, els Jocs Olímpics es duran a terme a la nació menys 'occidentalitzada' on mai s'han celebrat. Serà la tercera vegada que els Jocs Olímpics d'Estiu se celebrin fora d'Occident o d'una de les seves antigues colònies, i serà la trobada més important entre Orient i Occident en temps de pau. Serà un moment crucial quan la Xina comenci a ocupar el seu lloc com a peça fonamental de la política mundial, en l'economia i en la cultura després de gairebé 170 anys de subordinació als poders occidentals i al Japó. Per als xinesos, l'eslògan olímpic 'Un món, un somni' significa que tota la gent del món vol un bon nivell de vida i seguretat, i que totes les nacions desitgen modernitzar-se i arribar a condicions polítiques i econòmiques estables (.)". ; "Han pasado cien años desde que se formuló la pregunta que ahora es famosa en China: '¿Cuándo podrá China invitar al mundo entero a Pekín para una competición internacional olímpica?'. En 2008, los Juegos Olímpicos se llevarán a cabo en la nación menos 'occidentalizada' en la que se han celebrado hasta ahora. Será la tercera vez que los Juegos Olímpicos de Verano se celebren fuera de Occidente o de sus antiguas colonias, y será el mayor encuentro entre Oriente y Occidente en tiempos de paz. Será un momento fundamental cuando China empiece a ocupar su lugar como pieza fundamental en la política mundial, en economía y en cultura después de casi 170 años de subordinación a los poderes occidentales y a Japón. Para los chinos, el eslogan olímpico 'Un mundo, un sueño' significa que toda la gente del mundo quiere un buen nivel de vida y seguridad, y que todas las naciones desean modernizarse y alcanzar condiciones políticas y económicas estables (.)". ; "One hundred years have passed since the question now famous in China was asked, 'When will China be able to invite all the world to Peking [Beijing] for an International Olympic contest…?' In 2008 the Olympic Games will be hosted by the least 'Westernized' nation in the world to yet host them. It will be only the third time the Olympic Summer Games have been held outside the West and its former colonies, and it will be the greatest-ever meeting of East and West in peacetime. It will mark a pivotal moment when China begins to take its place as a major force in global politics, economics, and culture after nearly 170 years of subordination to the Western powers and Japan. For Chinese people the Olympic slogan 'One World, One Dream' means that all the world's peoples want a high standard of living and a secure life, and all the world's nations want to modernize and achieve stable economic and political conditions (.)".

The Nancy N. Boothe papers, 1980-2009 [bulk 1990-1997], are composed of articles, notes, reports and a wide variety of feminist publications. Much of the material documents the U.N. Fourth World Conference on Women, which Ms. Boothe attended as Executive Director of Atlanta's Feminist Women's Health Center. Artifacts, artwork and textiles relate to the conference and to other women's and health issues. ; Born in Battles Wharf, Alabama (1948), Nancy N. Boothe graduated from the University of South Alabama as a registered nurse (1971). She received a B.S. in nursing from the Medical College of Georgia (1976), and a master's degree in Counseling from Troy State University [Florida Region] (1981). Boothe served in the U.S. Nurse Corps in the U.S. and Korea (1970-1984), and worked as clinical director and consultant at a number of health facilities in Louisiana and Florida. She became Executive Director of the Atlanta Feminist Women's Health Center in 1994. In 1995, she attended the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing, China, where she taught the workshop, ""GYN Self-Help."" Boothe has served on the boards of All Women's Health Services in Portland and Eugene, Oregon; the Sexual Assault Center, Atlanta, Georgia; and the Jeanette Rankin Foundation, Athens, Georgia. She is also a member of the Feminist Majority Foundation's ""Women's Commission for Congressional Oversight"" and A.P.D. Citizen Review Panel.; Founded in California in 1971 by Carol Downer (1933-) and Lorraine Rothman (1932-2007), the Feminist Women's Health Center was established to empower women through self-knowledge, education and self-help groups. The Atlanta Feminist Women's Health Center was established in 1977. Its mission is to ""provide accessible, comprehensive gynecological healthcare to all who need it without judgment. As innovative healthcare leaders, [they] work collaboratively within [their] community and nationally to promote reproductive health, rights and justice. [They] advocate for wellness, uncensored health information and fair public policies by educating the larger community and empowering [their] clients to make their own decisions.""; The United Nations convened the Fourth World Conference on Women, September 4-15, 1995, in Beijing, China, with a Platform for Action that aimed at achieving greater equality and opportunity for women. Three previous World Conferences were held in Mexico City (International Women's Year, 1975), Copenhagen (1980) and Nairobi (1985). 189 governments and more than 5,000 representatives from 2,100 non-governmental organizations participated in the Beijing Conference. The principal themes were the advancement and empowerment of women in relation to women's human rights, women and poverty, women and decision-making, the girl-child, violence against women and other areas of concern. The resulting documents of the Conference are The Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action. The U.N. Fourth World Conference on Women manifested a global women's movement for change and has been called ""the Woodstock of the women's movement.""; The World Conference on Women was also accompanied by an informal meeting (August 30-September 8) of non-governmental organizations (NGOs). This NGO Forum on Women, Beijing '95, brought together thousands of women from around the world to exchange information and ideas, celebrate women's achievements and contributions and draw attention and develop solutions to discrimination facing women world-wide.

هدفت هذه الد اسة إلى كلفلة الإ تق ل من الرؤية الفردية لا إدا ة المؤسس ت اللأقفلة إلى عأ مؤسسي ف ل۔ وق م البحث اولاً ببل ن مفالأم الحلأكأة لغة واصطلاح , ثم ا تق الى ت ريف ت المنظأ ت الدوللة لمفالأم الحلأكأة, وعلاقة الحلأكأة بم فحة الفس د الم لي والادا ي, وب ده است راض المؤسس ت اللأقفلة قديم , وحديث , ع لمل , وعربل , واوضح دو المؤسس ت اللأقفلة فى التنألة المستدامة للأجتأع, وبين البحث ال رك ت اللأقفلة الحديثة لغة واصطلاح , وبين كلفلة ا ء هذه ال رك ت. وك ت م لة البحث نين إدا ة ني لب المؤسس ت اللأقفلة, تغلب عللا الرؤية والإجتا دات الفردية, لا علر تنلأعت فلا ال للأم والما ات الادا ية الحديثة, لذلك اجتاد البحث لايج د وقد اقترح ,"SGPMO", ح لهذه الم لة, ببن ء الم تب الإستراتلجي لإدا ة الحلأكأة وا داء البحث نملأذج للحلأكأة وا داء, ق ئ على ثلاث مح و هي "المأ ن ت, والسأ ت, وال ألل ت" وك محلأ بداخلا ثم لة عن صر لتف للا, وي أ م تب الحلأكأة لا ثلاث مستلأيات داخ المؤسس ت اللأقفلة حتى يستطلع حلأكأة هذه المؤسس ت ب ك م , وهي " المستلأى الاستراتلجي, والمستلأى التنفلذي, والمستلأى الت غللي", وداخ ك مستلأى يت تنفلذ مجألأعة من اللأظ ئف۔ ; The Role of Governance in WAQF Development and Sustainability. This study aimed at "how to move from individual vision in the management of WAQF institutions to effective institutional work. The study first introduced the concept of governance in terms of language and terminology. He then went on to the definitions of international organizations for the concept of governance, as well as the relationship of governance to combating financial and administrative corruption. He explained the role of foundations in the sustainable development of society. The research of modern waqf companies has shown language and terminology, and how to establish these companies. The problem of research was that the management of most Waqf institutions, dominated by vision and individual judgments, in an age of diverse science and modern management skills. The research proposed a model of governance and performance, based on three axes: "enablers, themes, processes" and each axis with eight elements to activate it. The Corporate Governance and Performance Management Office operates at three levels within Waqf institutions, namely, "Strategic Level, Executive Level and Operational Level". A range of functions are implemented within each level. ; Bu çalışma Vakıf kurumlarının yönetiminde bireysel vizyondan etkin kurumsal çalışmaya nasıl geçileceğini hedef almıştır. Çalışmada ilk olarak dil ve terminoloji açısından yönetişim kavramı tanıtıldı. Ardından yönetişim kavramı için uluslararası örgütlerin tanımlarına devam etti. Yönetişimin finansal ve idari yolsuzlukla mücadeleyle ilişkisinin yanı sıra. Vakfın toplumun sürdürülebilir kalkınmasındaki rolünü açıkladı. Araştırma modern vakıf şirketlerinin dili ve terminolojisi ile bu şirketlerin nasıl kurulacağı olarak tanımlandı. Araştırma sorunu, vizyon ve bireysel kararların hakim olduğu vakıf kurumlarının çoğunun, çeşitli bilim ve modern yönetim becerileri çağında yönetilmesiydi. Araştırma, üç eksene dayanan bir yönetişim ve performans modeli önerdi: "etkinleştiriciler, temalar, süreçler" ve her ekseni harekete geçirmek için sekiz unsurla birlikte. Yönetim ve Performans Yönetimi Ofisi, "Stratejik Seviye, Yönetici Seviyesi ve Operasyonel Seviye" olmak üzere üç düzeyde faaliyet göstermektedir.

El fenomen de la globalització que vivim actualment ha provocat canvis lingüístics molt importants a escala mundial. L'anglès ha esdevingut la llengua internacional, del poder econòmic i polític, i s'està convertint en la llengua de les classes socials altes i el jovent. Paral·lelament, però, les llengües regionals també estan experimentant una gran difusió, gràcies a les noves interaccions socials i al suport econòmic dels governs que les representen. Alhora, i com a resultat d'aquestes dues tendències, sorgeix el sentiment d'arrelament de les comunitats locals, que veuen la llengua local com a marca d'autenticitat que cal defensar davant del fenomen de la globalització i la regionalització. Ens dirigim, doncs, cap a una societat multilingüe, en què cada llengua ha de tenir les seves pròpies funcions socials distintives, encara que sigui inevitable que es generin conflictes entre les llengües en contacte. En vista d'aquesta situació, l'autor anticipa una pèrdua de l'hegemonia de l'anglès a favor de l'augment de les llengües regionals i una futura extinció de les llengües més minoritàries. ; The globalisation phenomenon that we are currently seeing has lead to major linguistic changes on a worldwide scale. English has become the leading international language, in economic and political spheres, and is becoming the language of high society and of the young. At the same time, however, regional languages are also making considerable headway, thanks to new social interaction and economic backing from their governments. In turn, and as a result of these two trends, there is impetus for feelings of belonging to local communities which see their language as a sign of their own authenticity, one that has to be defended against the phenomena of globalisation and regionalisation. We are thus heading towards a multilingual society, in which each language has its own, distinct social functions, even though it is inevitable that there will be conflict between the languages that come into contact. In this scenario, the author predicts a loss of hegemony for English, in favour of regional languages, and the future extinction of the least spoken minority languages. ; El fenómeno de la globalización que vivimos actualmente ha provocado cambios lingüísticos muy importantes a escala mundial. El inglés se ha convertido en la lengua internacional, del poder económico y político, y se está convirtiendo en la lengua de las clases sociales altas y la juventud. Paralelamente, sin embargo, las lenguas regionales también están experimentado una gran difusión, gracias a las nuevas interacciones sociales y al apoyo económico de los gobiernos que las representan. A su vez, y como resultado de estas dos tendencias, surge el sentimiento de arraigo de las comunidades locales, que ven la lengua local como signo de autenticidad que hay que defender frente al fenómeno de la globalización y de la regionalización. Nos dirigimos, pues, hacia una sociedad multilingüe, en que cada lengua debe tener sus propias funciones sociales distintivas, aunque sea inevitable que se generen conflictos entre las lenguas en contacto. Ante esta situación, el autor anticipa una pérdida de la hegemonía del inglés a favor del aumento de les lenguas regionales y una futura extinción de las lenguas más minoritarias.

Esta es una obra coral elaborada por el personal del Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra Jaume Almera (ICTJA-CSIC) con la coordinación del Dr. Pere Anadón. ; El 25 de novembre de 2015 l'Institut de Ciències de la Terra Jaume Almera va celebrar el 50è aniversari. El seu nom recorda els primers temps de la recerca en Geologia de final del segle XIX i principi del XX, en homenatge a Jaume Almera, prohom de la Geologia de Catalunya de projecció internacional. D'ençà els primers dies el 1965 com un nou institut de Geologia a Barcelona, ha evolucionat fins a esdevenir un centre innovador i dinàmic, amb rellevància internacional en el camp de les Ciències de la Terra. Si bé les Ciències de la Terra estudien el sistema Terra, també van molt més enllà, i plantegen interrogants sobre el món en què vivim per contribuir a un futur en el qual volem viure. Les Ciències de la Terra són avui dia particularment rellevants en molts aspectes de la nostra vida quotidiana. Els investigadors de l'ICTJA apliquem metodologies experimentals i analítiques avançades per assolir objectius ben definits d'investigació orientada i no orientada. Una part clau de la nostra missió és satisfer les necessitats industrials i socials a través de la transferència de coneixements aplicats als riscos geològics i a l'exploració i explotació dels recursos geològics. D'altra banda, és fonamental la nostra implicació en la formacióde qualitat de les properes generacions d'investigadors i tècnics de Ciències de la Terra. En aquest llibre sobre el nostre 50è aniversari, Pere Anadón, amb l'entusiasta participació dels seus companys de treball, revifa les persones, els esdeveniments, els èxits i els reptes que profusament han enriquit el mig segle d'existència d'aquest institut des que Lluís Solé i Sabarís i els seus col·legues van abordar-ne la fundació. Molts i destacats noms van seguir després la seva tasca en els cinquanta anys que celebrem, orientant l'Institut cap a noves perspectives per adaptar-se a les condicions canviants de la política, l'economia, la tecnologia i el coneixement científic, per citar uns pocs exemples de les grans transformacions experimentades durant aquest període. És una bona oportunitat per als membres de qualsevol institució ser capaços de mirar cap enrere, comprovar els seus èxits i mancances, els seus punts forts i els seus punts febles, durant un període prolongat de temps per trobar nous camins cap a l'èxit. La nostra història és part integrant de la memòria de tots aquells que van participar amb entusiasme i perseverança en la realització de l'Institut, i van contribuir a la tasca investigadora del CSIC en el seu conjunt. La història de l'ICTJA durant anys, aquest mig segle, és digna de celebració, no només per a l'institut mateix, sinó també per a la societat a la qual serveix. I seguirà sent així mentre es mantingui viva la passió per avançar amb rigor i dedicació en el coneixement de les Ciències de la Terra. ; El 25 de noviembre de 2015 el Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra Jaume Almera celebró su 50 aniversario. Su nombre recuerda los primeros tiempos de la investigación en Geología a finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX, en homenaje a Jaume Almera, prohombre de la geología de Cataluña de proyección internacional. Desde sus primeros días en 1965 como un nuevo instituto de Geología en Barcelona, ha evolucionado hasta llegar a ser un centro innovador y dinámico, con relevancia internacional en el campo de las Ciencias de la Tierra. Si bien las Ciencias de la Tierra estudian el sistema Tierra, también van mucho más allá, planteándonos interrogantes sobre el mundo en el que vivimos para contribuir a un futuro en el que queremos vivir. Las Ciencias de la Tierra son hoy en día particularmente relevantes en muchos aspectos de nuestra vida cotidiana. Los investigadores del ICTJA aplicamos metodologías experimentales y analíticas avanzadas para alcanzar objetivos bien definidos de investigación orientada y no orientada. Una parte clave de nuestra misión es satisfacer las necesidades industriales y sociales a través de la transferencia de conocimientos aplicados a los riesgos geológicos y a la exploración y explotación de los recursos geológicos. Por otro lado, es fun-damental nuestra implicación en la formación de calidad de las próximas generaciones de investigadores y técnicos de Ciencias de la Tierra. En este libro acerca de nuestro 50 aniversario, Pere Anadón con la entusiasta participación de sus compañeros de trabajo dan vida a las personas, los acontecimientos, los logros y los retos que profusamente han enriquecido el medio siglo de existencia de este instituto desde que Lluís Solé i Sabarís y sus colegas abordaron su fundación. Muchos y destacados nombres siguieron después su labor en los cincuenta años que celebramos, orientando el Instituto hacia nuevas perspectivas para adaptarse a las condiciones cambiantes de la política, la economía, la tecnología y el conocimiento científico, por citar unos pocos ejemplos de las grandes transformaciones experimentadas durante este período. Es una buena oportunidad para los miembros de cualquier institución ser capaces de mirar hacia atrás, comprobar sus logros y carencias, sus puntos fuertes y sus puntos débiles, durante un período prolongado de tiempo para encontrar nuevos caminos hacia el éxito. Nuestra historia es parte integrante de la memoria de todos aquellos que participaron con entusiasmo y perseverancia en la realización del Instituto contribuyendo así a la labor investigadora del CSIC en su conjunto. La historia del ICTJA durante este medio siglo es digna de celebración, no sólo por el propio instituto, sino también por la sociedad a la que sirve. Y seguirá siendo así mientras se mantenga viva la pasión por avanzar con rigor y dedicación en el conocimiento de las Ciencias de la Tierra. ; On November 25, 2015, the Institute of Earth Sciences Jaume Almera celebrated its 50th anniversary. Its name recalls the early days of research in Geology in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, paying tribute to Jaume Almera, an expert in the geology of Catalonia with international renown. From its earliest days in 1965 as a new Geology institute in Barcelona, it has evolved to become an innovative and dynamic centre, with international relevance in the field of Earth Sciences. Earth Sciences study the Earth's system, but they are about much more than that. They engage intellectual inquiry through interrogating the world in which we live to contribute to a future in which we want to live. Earth Sciences are particularly relevant today in many aspects of our everyday life. ICTJA researchers look forward to applying advanced experimental and analytical methodologies to well-defined, knowledge-driven research objectives. A key part of our mission is to meet industrial and societal needs through knowledge transfer applied to geohazards and exploration and exploitation of geological resources. Central to our mission is quality training of the next generation of researchers and technicians In this book about our 50th anniversary, Pere Anadón and his enthusiastic co-workers have brought to life the personalities, the events, the achievements and the challenges that have so richly populated the half-century since Lluís Solé i Sabarís and his colleagues started their work. Many notable names followed them, moving the Institute forward to adapt to the changing conditions of politics, economy, technology and scientific knowledge, to mention but a few examples of the transformations experienced during this period. It is a good opportunity for the members of any institution to be able to look back upon its achievements and its failures, its strengths and its weaknesses, to find new pathways to success. Our history is of all those who helped to establish the Institute with enthusiasm and perseverance, contributing to the research work of CSIC as a whole. ICTJA history over the last fifty years is worthy of celebration, not only by the Institute itself, but also by the society it serves. The ICTJA will continue to keep alive our passion for advancing knowledge of Earth Sciences with rigor and dedication. ; Peer reviewed

The Lebanon Economic Monitor provides an update on key economic developments and policies over the past six months. It also presents findings from recent World Bank work on Lebanon. It places them in a longer-term and global context, and assesses the implications of these developments and other changes in policy on the outlook for Lebanon. Lebanon continues to be impacted by the domestic political stalemate and regional turmoil, particularly along its border with Syria. Economic activity picked up in the second half of 2014. Stronger economic performance and lower oil prices pushed real GDP growth to an estimated 2.0 percent in 2014, compared to 0.9 percent in 2013. One-off cosmetic and unsustainable measures rather than policy actions helped improve the fiscal balance in 2014. We estimate the overall fiscal deficit to have declined by 2.3 percentage points. Declining imports lead an improvement in the current account balance. In 2014, a fall in merchandize imports induced a 4.4 pp reduction in the current account deficit to a still-elevated 22.2 percent of GDP. This trend is projected to continue in 2015 helped by falling oil prices and a depreciating euro, Headline inflation plummeted from 2.7 percent in 2013 to 1.9 percent in 2014 and is expected to remain tempered over the medium term. Lebanon s economy continues to be exposed to external shocks. The border with Syria is increasingly menacing as coordinated attacks by ISIS and Al Nusra are being launched more frequently from their bases in Syria. Inefficiencies in power generation impose sizable macroeconomic costs on Lebanon. The Lebanese electricity sector has been underperforming for decades with considerable socio-economic costs. The macroeconomic impact has been massive.

The Lebanon Economic Monitor provides an update on key economic developments and policies over the past six months. It also presents findings from recent World Bank work on Lebanon. It places them in a longer-term and global context, and assesses the implications of these developments and other changes in policy on the outlook for Lebanon. Its coverage ranges from the macro-economy to financial markets to indicators of human welfare and development. It is intended for a wide audience, including policy makers, business leaders, financial market participants, and the community of analysts and professionals engaged in Lebanon.