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Latin America is a geographical expression applied to twenty republics in the New World. Eighteen of them have arisen from Spanish origins, and hence are known collectively as "Spanish America." Of the other two, Brazil has sprung from Portuguese settlement, and Haiti owes its existence to France. The present work is intended to serve as an introduction to the study of the various republics in Latin America. Given the small amount of space that is available, to treat each country in separate fashion would be to compile a statistical summary. Since the group of states is numerically large and their points of resemblance, on the whole, are greater than their points or difference, to emphasize their individuality throughout would be as difficult a performance as that of trying to satisfy each state that full justice was being shown it in comparison with its fellows. After all, the existence of twenty republics, as such, is less important than is the evidence of what they have done to merit attention. Unfair and erroneous notions, which are only too prevalent about the lands of Latin America, are best dispelled by bringing forward the proofs of civilization. To this end institutions and culture should be made Ihe touchstone that determines appreciation. As exemplified in the colonial period, they will reveal the kind of equipment with which the republics started on their career. As exemplified by one state or another since that time, they will indicate the extent to which any given republic has advanced to the forefront of nations that have a direct share in the general progress of mankind, or has lagged behind them. For these reasons the contents of the book have been arranged, in the main, so as to describe phases of civilization, and to draw from one country or another illustrations of similarities, or of differences, in character, spirit and attainment.

La Universidad de Clark, en noviembre de 1913, convoca a una conferencia de cuatro días con expositores de América del Norte y del Sur. Cada uno de ellos, habló con autoridad sobre los aspectos de América Latina. La Universidad presenta esto al público, con la esperanza de poder ayudar a crear un ambiente más favorable para la valoración de la historia, la civilización y los problemas de las hermanas repúblicas americanas y con el ánimo de determinar las relaciones diplomáticas ideales, que deberían existir entre ellos y nuestra propia tierra.

Productive and financial crises delegitimize the theoretical foundations of the overriding economic and political system. The fallback from the center to the previous peripheries results in an exacerbated global economic interaction, with overwhelming ecological and social costs. To have new models of social organization and political management are manifest purposes by groups that condemn the prevailing model of provision of goods and services and its political support. Asia and Latin America were lesser affected by the last financial commotion. Nevertheless, from reviewing its traditions, the new political thought in these regions strives for autonomous conceptual schemes, which accompany social movements. Both political and theoretical changes are key elements towards an inclusive international order. ; Las crisis financieras y productivas recurrentes tienden a deslegitimar los fundamentos teóricos del sistema económico y político dominante. En el repliegue del centro hacia las anteriores periferias, la interacción global resulta exacerbada, al tiempo que se agudizan las contradicciones de un sistema de intercambios sostenido a un costo ecológico y social abrumador. Disponer de nuevos modelos de gestión política y organización social son propósitos manifiestos por parte de los grupos que denuncian el modelo de provisión de bienes y servicios imperante. En Asia y América Latina, no obstante tratarse de las regiones menos afectadas por la última conmoción, a partir de la revisión de su tradición, el pensamiento político de vanguardia se empeña en respaldar los movimientos sociales con esquemas conceptuales renovadores. Su adscripción diferenciada al orden internacional condiciona sus teorizaciones.