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Agriculture, Rural village and Peasants (ARP) represent the production structure, social structure and cultural structure (3S) of rural China for thousands of years in its trinity. To find the long roots of Chinese civilization and to feel the creativity, splendour, diversity and regionality of Chinese traditional culture, it must be in the countryside relating to the ARP. However, China's rural areas have been constantly challenged by political, economic, technological changes and other cultures interruption. Especially after decades of modernization and urbanization, the three structural relationships of rural traditional harmony are gradually being resolved. The originality of the rural tradition and the cultural accumulation it bears are facing extinction. For a nation whose culture has been passed down for thousands of years, this will be an irreparable and huge loss. Fortunately, in 2005 the central government put forward the slogan of "Beautiful Villages", emphasizing the need to build beautiful and livable villages for farmers. The government's authorities have issued a series of support policies for this purpose. The national standard for "Beautiful Villages" was introduced in 2015. It supports the village protection and development plans for the newly established list of traditional Chinese villages and supports the pilots of rescue protection in various places. It requires traditional villages to rely on historical and cultural resources reasonably to carry out various development models such as cultural creativity, popular science education and leisure tourism. From the macro-level of management, it is proposed that government-led, government-invested, unified planning, development, management, management and management rights should be unified. At the same time as the promotion of cultural relics protection and basic implementation, attention is paid to protecting the interests of the people and social benefits. Over the past years, all sectors of society, including some enterprises and institutions, have responded positively, forming various forms of practice in rural villages protection and development. For example "characteristic vernacular villages", "characteristic folk villages", "modern new villages", "historical ancient villages", etc. They mainly make some useful attempts to solve various problems faced by the countryside through the combination of rural tourism, leisure agriculture and ecological agriculture. However, most of these practices are based on direct input from external funds and management. Many of them fail to reach out to the current issues of the ARP, and unable to face the problems of a poor 3S relationship. Therefore, how to combine the protection of the "post-cultural heritage" of the countryside with the exploration of the new form of the ARP and reconstruction of the 3S relationship under the new historical conditions and opportunities has become the theoretical and practical issues of rural protection and development. To realize the goal of "Beautiful Villages", it is very necessary to take action at both levels of strategic thinking and practical approach. It is necessary to make forward-looking explorations and practices in accordance with the actual conditions of rural areas in different regions.

Lau Chui-shan. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-122). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.i-iii ; Acknowledgements --- p.iv ; Table of Contents --- p.v ; List of Illustrations --- p.vi ; Notes on Romanization --- p.vii ; Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Reviews of Existing Literature ; Chapter 1.2 --- Review of Materials used for this research topic ; Chapter 1.3 --- Organization of the thesis ; Chapter 2. --- Power Structure of the Old Market Town: The Build Up of Lineage Power- --- p.18 ; Chapter 2.1 --- The Development of the Tang Lineage in the Yuen Long Area ; Chapter 2.2 --- The Establishment of Yuen Long Market Town ; Chapter 2.3 --- Sphere of Influence ; Chapter 2.4 --- The Operational Period of the Old Yuen Long Market Town ; Chapter 2.5 --- Conclusion ; Chapter 3. --- Imposition of an Alien Administration --- p.36 ; Chapter 3.1 --- The Early Period of British Leased New Territories ; Chapter 3.2 --- The Opposition from the Local Powers of the New Territories ; Chapter 3.3 --- The Administrative Policy of the British Hong Kong Government in the New Territories ; Chapter 3.4 --- Conclusion ; Chapter 4. --- Emergence of the New Market Town --- p.58 ; Chapter 4.1 --- The Formation of a New Alliance ; Chapter 4.2 --- The Establishment and Development of the New Yuen Long Market Town ; Chapter 4.3 --- The Function of the Hop Yik Company ; Chapter 5. --- Adjustments in Town Management --- p.78 ; Chapter 5.1 --- The Improvement in Transportation and Communication and its influence on the area ; Chapter 5.2 --- The Development of Hop Yik Company ; Chapter 5.3 --- The Establishment of Heung Yee Kuk ; Chapter 6. --- Religion as Control --- p.91 ; Chapter 6.1 --- The Building of Market Temple ; Chapter 6.2 --- Tai Ping Qing Jiao ; Chapter 6.3 --- The Changing ritual organizer in Yuen Long ; Chapter 7. --- Conclusion: Redefining a Village Community --- p.101 ; Appendices --- p.108 ; Alphabetical ...