Suchergebnisse

Mass media (MM) have been described as all-pervasive cultural institutions which both reflect & project society's values. They are shown to have played a role throughout history, whenever new developments have threatened established values, & often are singled out as important facilitators & accelerators of social change. As such, it is not surprising that various charges have been leveled against the MM for their purported role in the recent & significant escalation of psychoactive drug use & abuse. Some critics have attempted to relate the act of viewing or experiencing the MM to problems of drug use; others have focused their charges on, & label as villains, the contents of the media, as in advertising, TV entertainment, & popular song lyrics. Some of these accusations are examined, & the issues & the evidence in the current controversy over the role of MM in the use & abuse of psychoactive drugs are explored. HA.

Table of Contents -- Editor's Foreword -- Conference Participants -- Session One. Public and Mass Media Uses of the Behavioral Sciences -- 1. The Potential Public Uses of the Behavior Sciences - Marvin Bressler -- 2. Newspaper Journalism and the Behavioral Sciences - Richard C. Wald -- 3. A Review of Session One - Ben H. Bagdikian, John W. Riley, Jr. -- Session Two. Social Issues and the Mass Media -- 4. Implications for the Mass Media of Research on Intergroup Relations and Race - Robin M. Williams, Jr. -- 5. Social Class and Serious Mental Disorder - Melvin L. Kohn

Even at the low development level of a small Andean village, there are persons receiving messages from the modern mass media. The study suggests that the process of media audience building may be fundamentally the same in this quite different culture as in the United States.

As communications technologies increase human-kind's ability to send more messages across greater distance at even faster speeds, the opportunities multiply for broader and deeper transnational information-sharing—but threats to the fair and free use of the mass media increase as well. The more massive the communications systems become, the smaller the number of communicators who can control what larger numbers of receivers can see or hear. The trend toward concentration of ownership of the mass media continues in the United States and other free countries but it does not seriously inhibit the choice of American citizens. Some Third World countries which have one-party systems and government-owned news media are slowly relaxing restrictions on domestic journalists. Harsh information controls in the Soviet Union and elsewhere have not provided successful models for the development of Third World countries. Developing nations have valid reasons to criticize Western coverage of their societies. Such objections need not be met by hampering the free flow of information—as press-control states contend—but by broadening and diversifying the flow of ideas.

Mass media have been described as all- pervasive cultural institutions which both reflect and project society's values. They are shown to have played a role throughout history, whenever new developments have threatened established values, and often are singled out as important facilitators and accelerators of social change. As such, it is not surprising that various charges have been leveled against the mass media for their purported role in the recent and significant escalation of psychoactive drug use and abuse. Some critics have attempted to relate the act of viewing or experiencing the mass media to problems of drug use; others have focused their charges on, and label as villains, the contents of the media, as in advertising, television entertainment and popular song lyrics. The intent of this paper is to examine some of these accusations and to explore the issues and the evidence in the current con troversy over the role of mass media in the use and abuse of psychoactive drugs.

A comparison of attitudes of Filipino and Indian students in the U.S. toward the mass media supports a general hypothesis that the media are many things to many people.

The objective of the present article was to verify if — controlled by the factors education and degree of urbanization — there exists a relation between the use of the mass media newspaper and television on the one hand and active sports practice on the other hand. The basic assumption was that persons using the mass media in a motivated way, as source of information, practice more sports during their leisure hours, and that persons interested essentially in the recreative part of the paper or of the television programmes will practice active sports in a lesser measure (congru ency hypothesis). The data on which the article is based proceeded from the investi gation "Performance and Talent''. As technique of analysis the multiple linear regression analysis was used. The results proved that the interest shown for the more informative part of the paper or the television programmes had a positive relation to sports practice, and that interest for the rather recreative part of the mass-media had a negative relation. The signifi cance of the mass-media variables as predictor of sports practice was however small, compared to the significance of the education level. Of course these results are only valid for the variables used in this study, and with the applied technique of analysis.

Nutzung und Bewertung von Massenmedien.

Themen: Verwendete Nachrichtenquellen; Hörerniveau; allgemeine
Beurteilung von Zeitungen; Vergleich der Glaubwürdigkeit von Nachrichten
in Zeitungen und Rundfunk; wahrgenommene Entwicklung der Glaubwürdigkeit
der Medien; Einstellung zur Pressefreiheit; Lesegewohnheiten und
präferierte Zeitungsinhalte; Anzahl und Art der gelesenen und zu lesen
gewünschten Zeitungen; Einschätzung der Parteilichkeit der gelesenen
Zeitungen; Einstellung zur Parteilichkeit von Zeitungen; Einschätzung
der Wahrheitstreue des von den Zeitungen produzierten Amerika-Images;
Nennung von "politisch schädlichen" Illustrierten; Lektüre und
Beurteilung von Büchern amerikanischer Autoren; Interesse an
ausländischen Druckerzeugnissen; Fremdsprachenkenntnisse; Mitgliedschaft
in einem Verein, in einer Gewerkschaft oder Partei; Parteipräferenz;
Ortsgröße.

Demographie: Alter (klassiert); Geschlecht; Schulbildung; Beruf;
Einkommen; Haushaltungsvorstand; Bundesland.

Interviewerrating: Anzahl der Kontaktversuche;
Intervieweridentifikation; Kooperationsbereitschaft des Befragten.