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Intro -- Contents -- Chapter 1: The Current Legacy of Geographies in Mediterranean Europe -- References -- Part I: The Great Contributions of Mediterranean Geographical Thought -- Chapter 2: Geography as a Social Science in Portugal -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Evolution: The Institutional Establishment of the Discipline -- 2.3 Education: If Geography Is a Central Discipline in School, Student Education Is Also Essential for Geography -- 2.4 Research: Expansion, Internationalization and Interest Widening -- 2.5 Politics, Policies, Planning and Organizations: Geography Out of School -- 2.6 Links, Paths and Challenges -- 2.7 Towards a Southern Europe or a Mediterranean Geography? -- References -- Chapter 3: Spanish Geographical Thought in the Present: Its Influence and Original Proposals in a Context Dominated by Tradition -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Spanish Geography in the First Two Decades of the Twenty-First Century: General Characteristics -- 3.2.1 The Academic and Professional Consolidation of Geography in Regional and Democratic Spain (1975-2009) -- 3.2.2 The Challenges of the Current Situation: The Impact of the Crisis (2009-2019) -- 3.3 The Internal Weaknesses of Spanish Geography -- 3.3.1 The Persistence of Academic Conservatism -- 3.3.2 The Predominant Themes in the Work of Spanish Geographers -- 3.4 Original Proposals of the Geographical Thought of the Present -- 3.5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4: Geography and Territorial Planning in Italy -- 4.1 The Reasons Behind a Missed Opportunity -- 4.2 Geography and Urban Planning: The Origins of a Debate -- 4.3 A Renewed Regional Geography Does Not Match the Planning -- 4.4 The New Planning Directions and the 'Vast Area' Problem -- 4.5 The Illusion of Administrative Reorganisation -- 4.6 The Geographers Have Worked on Planning Nonetheless -- 4.7 Potential Convergences for the Future.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Original Title -- Original Copyright -- Contents -- Dedication -- Acknowledgements -- List of Plates -- List of Figures -- List of Maps -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Pre-farming Communities -- 3 The First Farmers -- 4 The Fourth Millennium b.c -- 5 The Third Millennium b.c -- 6 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Original Title -- Original Copyright -- Contents -- Dedication -- Acknowledgements -- List of Plates -- List of Figures -- List of Maps -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Pre-farming Communities -- 3 The First Farmers -- 4 The Fourth Millennium b.c -- 5 The Third Millennium b.c -- 6 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index.

'The Nature of Mediterranean Europe: An Ecological History' by A. T. Grove and Oliver Rackham is reviewed.

"This book investigates how ideas of and discourses about Europe have been affected by images of the Mediterranean Sea and its many worlds from the nineteenth century onwards. Surprisingly, modern scholars have often neglected such an influence and, in fact, in most histories of the idea of Europe the Mediterranean is conspicuously absent. This might partly be explained by the fact that historians have often identified Europe with modernity (and the Atlantic world) and, therefore, in opposition to the classical world (centred around the Mediterranean). This book will challenge such views, showing that a plethora of thinkers, from the early nineteenth century to the present, have refused to relegate the Mediterranean to the past. Importance is given to the idea of a distinct 'meridian thought', a notion first set forth by Albert Camus and now reworked by French and Italian thinkers. As most chapters argue, this might represent an important tool for rethinking the Mediterranean and, in turn, it might help us challenge received notions about European identity and rethink Europe as the locus of 'modernity'. Mediterranean Europe(s): Rethinking Europe from its Southern Shores will appeal to researchers and students alike interested in European studies and Mediterranean history"--

[EN] The Mediterranean agro-food systems need to be properly managed. A promising pathway is the transition towards more sustainable food systems through agroecology, which represents the ecology of food systems. In this paper, the state-of-the-art of agroecology is described for three representative euro-Mediterranean countries: Italy, Greece, and Spain. The analysis has been partly based on results of a dedicated literature search and partly on grey literature and expert knowledge. After an overview of the history of agroecology, targeted research and education, collective action (political and social), and some agroecological practices in the three countries are presented. These countries share a rather similar use of the term "agroecology", but they differ regarding (i) the existence/extent of strong civil and social movements; (ii) the type of study/educational programmes, and the relative importance of different scientific disciplines and their evolution; (iii) the development of political support and legal frameworks; and (iv) the elaboration of concepts to rediscover traditional practices and apply new ones, often taken from the organic agriculture sector. Agroecology is an emerging concept for the Mediterranean agricultural sector, with huge potential due to the peculiar socio-cultural, bio-physical, and political-economic features of the region. To boost agroecology in Mediterranean Europe, better networking and engagement of different actors within a coherent institutional framework supporting the transition is strongly needed. ; Migliorini, P.; Gkisakis, V.; Gonzálvez, V.; Raigón Jiménez, MD.; Bàrberi, P. (2018). Agroecology in Mediterranean Europe: Genesis, State and Perspectives. Sustainability. 10(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082724 ; S ; 2724 ; 10 ; 8