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The media coverage of President Jacob Zuma and the "problem" of his foreign and potentially threatening polygamy reveals the long-extant gendered and raced fault lines of the presumably postcolonial relationship between Britain and South Africa. The discourses in the British press that marked Zuma as a "buffoon," "barbaric," and less civilized than his "distinctly monogamous" hosts can be traced to nineteenth-century settler colonial regimes and their violent attempts at reordering the lands and peoples they sought to occupy and replace. The arrival of British settlers in the nineteenth-century colony of Natal brought them into conflict with the Zulu peoples they sought to supplant and exploit. A reading of emigrant letters, missionary pamphlets, and newspaper correspondence reveals that the persistence of the practice of isithembu (polygamy) and ilobolo (the ritual exchange of cattle upon marriage) among Zulus in the face of British attempts to control their social and political formations challenged the very heart of the settler project. As British settlers sought to create and define a "modern" sexuality predicated on a heteronormative family unit, polygamy became the flashpoint in a biopolitical battle between colonists and indigenous peoples in Natal. For settlers, polygamy failed at being properly heteronormative, instead indicating an overweening hyper-heterosexuality in Zulu men. As a result, to white observers, polygamy presented a dangerous and disruptive challenge to the gendered, raced, and sexual order they wished to construct — in short, it became queer. The destabilizing queer potential of indigenous polygamy to the settler project reveals the assumptions about sexuality, civilization, and conjugality that underwrite colonial aspiration and postimperial anxieties.

Intro -- NATAL SIGNS: Cultural Representations of Pregnancy, Birth and Parenting -- Title Page -- Copyright Notice -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgements -- NADYA BURTON Introduction -- 1. LOOKING AT PREGNANCY LAUREN CRUIKSHANK What to Expect When Your Avatar is Expecting Representations of Pregnancy and Birth in Video Games -- MICHELLE WALKS Masculine Pregnancy Butch Lesbians', Trans Men's & -- Genderqueer Individuals' Experiences1 -- K. J. SURKAN That Fat Man is Giving Birth Gender Identity, Reproduction and the Pregnant Body -- DAMIEN W. RIGGS AND DEBORAH DEMPSEY Gay Men's Narratives of Pregnancy in the Context of Commercial Surrogacy -- BRESCIA NEMBER REID Crone and Moon, Umbilical Cords/Blood Ties -- JENNIFER LONG Imminent -- ELIZABETH ALLEMANG Heroes and Villains Representations of Midwives in Ontario's Late Twentieth Century Midwifery Revival -- MARY SHARPE AND KORY MCGRATH Spacemaking and Midwifery With, Within, Without -- 2. LOOKING AT BIRTH CLAIRE DION FLETCHER AND CHERYLLEE BOURGEOIS Refusing Delinquency, Reclaiming Power Indigenous Women and Childbirth -- ALYS EINION Resistance and Submission A Critique of Representations of Birth -- ANNA HENNESSEY Representations of Birth and Motherhood as Contemporary Forms of the Sacred -- NATALIE JOLLY Does Labour Mean Work? A Look at the Meaning of Birth in Amish and Non-Amish Society -- JEANNE LYONS Representing Birth An Inquiry into Art Making and Birth Giving: Implications for Teaching Student Midwives -- MARNI KOTAK Birth is a Labour of Art -- ARA PARKER Split Open -- ROSIE ROSENZWEIG Flower of My Flesh -- SUSAN HOGAN, CHARLOTTE BAKER, SHELAGH CORNISH, PAULA MCCLOSKEY AND LISA WATTS Birth Shock Exploring Pregnancy, Birth, and the Transition to Motherhood Using Participatory Arts -- KORY MCGRATH AND LYNN FARRALES Making Meaning of Stillbirth.

This article focuses on the Natal Inter-Race Soccer Tournament, a littleknown but popular tournament which was held under the auspices of the Natal-Inter-Race Soccer Board (NISB) between 1946 and 1960. Coloured, Indian and African teams participated in this competition which was staged at an important time in "race" relations in the province of Natal. This was a period of growing tension "on the ground" between Indians and Africans as they came into competition over housing and jobs in urban centres, but it was also a period of political co-operation across racial lines amongst the middle classes mainly through alliances between bodies such as the Natal Indian Congress (NIC) and African National Congress (ANC). This article provides a narrative history of the tournament and, as such, makes an important contribution to the historiography of soccer in South Africa. The article also provides a glimpse into Afro-Indian relations during the middle decades of the twentieth century. None of the major works on South African sporting history focus in any significant way on this tournament. This article discusses some of the outstanding players and administrators, playing styles, scores of matches, and reflects on the importance of sport as a source of power and patronage for Black administrators, which accounts for the reluctance of some to embrace non-racialism when it was mooted in the 1960s.

A Natal experience The strike was a day old. I woke up wondering what the day would hold. I was not concerned about the principles of the strike. They were sound. Physically deteriorating hospitals such as King Edward VIII have been unfit for habitation for several years with collapsing roofs and nesting pigeons. Lack of essential equipment as evidenced by the collapse of any endoscopy service at a major regional hospital. This despite four full motivations which were "lost in translation since 2006". It includes the matter of deep frozen medical and nursing posts. They result in the curtailment of service delivery, the prevention of staff retention and development, and crucially for budding surgeons reduction in operating time. Then of course there is a matter in the driver's seat that of a market related wage for doctors in the public service which has taken the focus away from the other just as critical issues. I was concerned whether my Interns and Registrars were going to be there and how the surgical department can still run a semblance of an emergency service. I was not relishing being hounded by Human Resources to furnish a positive and negative roll call for my vigilante superintendent. I arrived at my hospital still standing despite several political health policy decisions indicating its demise as a regional hospital and it sale or demolishment. I emerged from underground parking headed for the lifts the only ones in a state hospital where on the premise of efficiency you can only select your floor outside the lift, prior to embarkation. There in the short walkway to the lobby just next to the "Today Tomorrow, Together ATM" was a commotion. There was a lady lying on the tiled walkway with her legs asplay. Several matrons were faffing about her. One was comforting her at the head end and one was between the legs on her knees. The theatre matron had just arrived with a trolley. One with wheels which go round. I was now a yard or two away from the melee and the baby had emerged and was grasped by the matron on her knees. She was so astounded by nature's success that she immediately handed the baby to the theatre matron who walked away with it to her trolley. There was however, a slight problem. Nobody had either the means or the fore sight to clamp the cord. It went twang. It was difficult to add to the mess on the tiles which was impressive but this did splatter it around a bit more. I thought the baby might exsanguinate. I quickly put my replacement computer from my recent high-jacking down on Matrons trolley, and finger clamped the cord. One of the other matrons with the modicum of obstetric experience took over this task. I then looked at the bloody mess on the tiles which was even more impressive than I noticed at first glance. The matrons were trying to provide a human shield to protect the lady's dignity from the rubberneckers in the passage. This was only part of their plan as it was now evident from forlorn gaze that they expected me to do something. They even provided me with some gloves for a purpose. I might say that usually little phases me but now I was expected to deliver the placenta. A task I had last done in 1974 as a medical student when as I recall I had an umbilical cord to help me retrieve it. There was no cord in sight, so I then went groping for the cord in the vagina. I then remembered that she still looked pregnant so I pressed on the uterine fundus and pulled gently on the cord and the membranes. The placenta slithered onto the floor. It turned out to be intact. There were no vuvuzelas to herald the great event only the broad grin of a striking orthopaedic registrar who had joined the throng to witness my plight. By this time the essential heavy duty sanitary towel and another trolley with wheels which go round had arrived. The lady with the aid of a caring matron and some strategically draped towels hopped on board her transport to the post natal ward. I am pleased to report that the mum her third child, a baby girl, and my replacement computer are fine. I proudly reported my success to the head of obstetrics. Her district level department delivers each month some 600 babies of which 160 come into this world by caesarian section. This experience certainly brightened my day and helped me to cope with the days ahead. Based on this I was left wondering whether I should change my bank from "Inspired, Motivated, Involved" to "Today, Tomorrow, Together". I hope, the strike galvanizes all involved in health care provision, to give these words credence. Sandie R Thomson. Surgeon 33 Falkland Place Berea Durban 4001 0824684860

Only few people continue to believe in the insular legend, which he himself spread, that Marquis Natale was alleged a foreunner of Cesare Beccaria. Disproved on a historical and textual level, that thesis is anyway secondary as compared to the huge gap between these two authors, both in terms of contents and of values.

Intro -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- 1 Kwazulu-Natal: An Overview -- 2 Durban -- 3 Pietermaritzburg and the Midlands -- 4 North Coast -- 5 Battlefields and Northern Kwazulu-Natal -- 6 South Coast -- 7 Drakensberg and Southern Natal -- Additional Reading -- Photo Acknowledgements -- Index.

This work, conducted at the Núcleo de Antropologia Visual (NAVIS/UFRN), aims to carry out an anthropological research to create an Affective Map of the Rocas neighborhood, located in the East Zone of Natal, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The affective map, guided by emotions, seeks to open spaces for counter-hegemonic narratives. The choice of the Rocas neighborhood follows previous research by NAVIS, which investigates tensions in the historic neighborhoods of Natal. For this work, we will use methods such as image capture, walks, assemblages, and (re)assemblages of maps. Thus, we position ourselves from knowledge that questions Eurocentric rationality, proposing confrontations to this unique, modern, capitalist, and Western episteme. The project seeks to diversify the ways of sharing results and contribute to a broader understanding of urban and visual experiences.

A partir de uma reflexão sobre a formação da língua portuguesa tendo como base o aparato teórico-metodológico da sociolingüística variacionista, busca-se discutir a relação entre língua e sociedade. Essa discussão é baseada em resultados de uma pesquisa na qual se investiga a seqüenciação de informações em Natal, Brasil, tendo como objeto de estudo os conectores E, AÍ e ENTÃO da perspectiva de fatores sociais como idade e escolaridade dos falantes.

Pembangunan kesehatan merupakan salah satu agenda penting dalam mewujudkan tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan atau Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS). Pembangunan di bidang kesehatan yang ingin dicapai adalah masyarakat Indonesia di masa depan adalah masyarakat, bangsa, dan negara yang ditandai oleh penduduknya hidup dalam lingkungan dan dengan perilaku yang sehat, memiliki kemampuan untuk menjangkau pelayanan kesehatan yang bermutu secara adil dan merata serta memiliki derajat kesehatan yang setinggi-tingginya Angka harapan hidup adalah salah satu indikator derajat kesehatan yang digunakan sebagai salah satu dasar dalam prencanaan program kesehatan dan digunakan sebagai alat untuk mengevaluasi kinerja pemerintah dalam meningkatkan kesehatan dan kesejahteraan penduduknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengidentifikasi variabel-variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap angka harapan hidup di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal. Penelitian ini menggunakan data runtut waktu tahun 2010-2017. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis linier regresi berganda. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angka harapan hidup, fasilitas kesehatan, pertumbuhan ekonomi dan harapan lama sekolah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel fasilitas kesehatan, variabel pertumbuhan ekonomi dan variabel harapan lama sekolah secara bersama berpengaruh terhadap angka harapan hidup di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal namun secara partial hanya variabel harapan lama sekolah, dan variabel pertumbuhan ekonomi yang berpengaruh terhadap angka harapan hidup di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal. ; Health development is one of the important agendas in realizing the goal of sustainable development (SDGS). Development in the health sector that is to be achieved is to realize the Indonesian society in the future as a society, nation, and country that is characterized by its population living in an environment and with healthy behavior, having the ability to reach quality health services in a fair and equitable manner and having health the highest. Life expectancy is one indicator of health status that is used as a reference in planning health programs and is used as a tool for evaluating government performance in improving the health and welfare of the population. This study aims to analyze and identify variables that influence life expectancy in Mandailing Natal Regency. This study uses sequential data from 2010-2017. The method used in this study is linear multiple regression analysis. The variables used in this study are life expectancy, health facilities, economic growth, and long school expectations. The results showed that health facility variables, economic growth variables, and old school expectations variables jointly affected the life expectancy in Mandailing Natal Regency but partially only the old school expectation variables, and economic growth variables that influence life expectancy in Mandailing Natal Regency.

A mobilidade urbana é um direito social, pois é considerado um direito-meio pelo qual as pessoas conseguem se locomover e assim acessar as diversas estruturas da cidade que concretizam suas necessidades e demandas. A Constituição Brasileira de 1988 determina que é responsabilidade do governo precisar as normas para o desenvolvimento urbano. Em 2012, houve a promulgação da lei 12.587, criando as diretrizes da Política Nacional de Mobilidade Urbana, e instrumentalizando legalmente a criação do Plano de Mobilidade Urbana para uma parte significativa dos municípios que possuem certos atributos. A elaboração do plano permite que cada cidade tenha um plano holístico que atenda às necessidades particulares de cada local. Entretanto, a efetivação da elaboração do plano tem sido um obstáculo para os municípios. Com o intuito de estudar como isto vem transcorrendo através de uma experiência empírica, foi realizado o estudo de caso da cidade de Natal, Brasil, apresentando as dificuldades encontradas pelo poder público local em realizar a execução da lei, e as inquietações suscitadas pelo processo para que de fato se alcance a criação do plano. O trabalho fez uso de uma abordagem qualitativa explicativa. Era inicialmente previsto que a elaboração do plano duraria 10 meses, entretanto seu processo está em seu terceiro ano, sem previsão de finalização. ; Urban mobility is a social right, because it is considered a right that gives the way by which people can move around, therefore can access the city structures that materialize their necessities and responsibilities. The 1988 democratic Brazilian Constitution, establish the Brazilian Government as responsible for the urban development regulations. The promulgation of the law 12.587 of 2012, created the guidelines of the Urban Mobility National Policy, that likewise regulated the creation of the Urban Mobility Plan for the municipalities with more than 20.000 inhabitants (or those with specific requirement that also need a Master Plan). The construction of the plan allows each city to have an integrated plan that fulfils its unique needs. Nonetheless, the plan appliance has been difficult for the cities. With the aim to study a case of how this is happening, the city of Natal – Brazil, was chosen to present some difficulties found by the local public power in execute the plan, and worries related with the neglect of that. It was used a qualitative and explanatory approach. It was first previewed that the plan elaboration would endure 10 months, however the process is now in its third year, with no finalization prediction.

A mobilidade urbana é um direito social, pois é considerado um direito-meio pelo qual as pessoas conseguem se locomover e assim acessar as diversas estruturas da cidade que concretizam suas necessidades e demandas. A Constituição Brasileira de 1988 determina que é responsabilidade do governo precisar as normas para o desenvolvimento urbano. Em 2012, houve a promulgação da lei 12.587, criando as diretrizes da Política Nacional de Mobilidade Urbana, e instrumentalizando legalmente a criação do Plano de Mobilidade Urbana para uma parte significativa dos municípios que possuem certos atributos. A elaboração do plano permite que cada cidade tenha um plano holístico que atenda às necessidades particulares de cada local. Entretanto, a efetivação da elaboração do plano tem sido um obstáculo para os municípios. Com o intuito de estudar como isto vem transcorrendo através de uma experiência empírica, foi realizado o estudo de caso da cidade de Natal, Brasil, apresentando as dificuldades encontradas pelo poder público local em realizar a execução da lei, e as inquietações suscitadas pelo processo para que de fato se alcance a criação do plano. O trabalho fez uso de uma abordagem qualitativa explicativa. Era inicialmente previsto que a elaboração do plano duraria 10 meses, entretanto seu processo está em seu terceiro ano, sem previsão de finalização. ; Urban mobility is a social right, because it is considered a right that gives the way by which people can move around, therefore can access the city structures that materialize their necessities and responsibilities. The 1988 democratic Brazilian Constitution, establish the Brazilian Government as responsible for the urban development regulations. The promulgation of the law 12.587 of 2012, created the guidelines of the Urban Mobility National Policy, that likewise regulated the creation of the Urban Mobility Plan for the municipalities with more than 20.000 inhabitants (or those with specific requirement that also need a Master Plan). The construction of the plan allows each city to have an integrated plan that fulfils its unique needs. Nonetheless, the plan appliance has been difficult for the cities. With the aim to study a case of how this is happening, the city of Natal – Brazil, was chosen to present some difficulties found by the local public power in execute the plan, and worries related with the neglect of that. It was used a qualitative and explanatory approach. It was first previewed that the plan elaboration would endure 10 months, however the process is now in its third year, with no finalization prediction.

This paper examines traditional African child rearing styles and Westernised parenting styles focusing on the impact this has on the psychosocial developments of a child's academic performance. In most African countries, during prenatal and postnatal periods, there are many rituals that are observed by the parents, especially the expectant mother. This has a bearing on the psychological and later cognitive development of the child. As a result, there is a paradigm shift taking place from a strictly traditional to a more modern oriented way of rearing children due to the influence of education, media and technology. The majority of families in Zimbabwe now find themselves somewhere along a continuum between the African and Western child rearing styles. In this study, the descriptive survey design was used with questionnaires and interviews as data collection instruments. Findings from this research revealed that, the Westernised parenting styles want independent, democratic and sometimes laissez-faire ways of raising children while African cultures prefer submissive children raised under an authoritarian style. Significant changes among African families have been noted leading to an adoption of an eclectic approach, where families use two or more parenting styles, considering the best features of each system in raising children. Knowledge of African child rearing practices is therefore of paramount importance since it makes teachers of African children sensitive to and aware of some values that have shaped them so as to enhance effective teaching and learning.