The study of the problems of information society development, social patterns, trends of further development is becoming an important area of research interest and determines the relevance of the theme, as well as theoretical and practical importance of study of the information society in Russia. The methodological base of the research is the structural-functional approach, allowing to consider the society as a self-developing system, and also elements of dialectical and synergetic approaches. As an empirical base used the results of a longitudinal study of media communities of Russia on the example of a virtual community of Internet resources: www.rufa.ru, various communities of the Russian Internet and network of online communities, social networks, Twitter, Facebook, LiveJournal, etc. is conducted by the author in the period 2005-2013.
В эпоху социальных сетей и сетевого общества социально-политические акторы, в том числе и главы муниципальных образований (мэры городов), являются основными субъектами (по сравнению с традиционными СМИ) формирования цифровой социально-политической повестки дня в онлайн-пространстве. Современная цифровая социально-политическая повестка дня формируется двумя одновременными процессами в социальных сетях: во-первых, глава города создает социально-политический контент в ведущих социальных сетях; во-вторых, граждане дают обратную связь в виде ветки комментариев на данный контент. Как результат - происходит формирование связки цифровой социально-политической повестки дня (как сегмента онлайн-дискурса) и офлайн-реакции на данный дискурс (определенной и позиционированной социально-политической части) в виде конкретных конструктивных либо деструктивных реакций жителей городов современной России (не / поддерживающих власть на локальном уровне). Эмпирической базой данного исследования стал контент официальных аккаунтов (метод сплошной выборки постов, хештегов, фотографий и видео, а также всех комментариев) мэров российских городов в Instagram, ВКонтакте, Facebook, Twitter и Одноклассники согласно рейтингу Медиалогии за период 1 октября 2020 - 31 декабря 2020 г.: Анатолий Локоть, мэр г. Новосибирск, 4 место; Наталья Котова, мэр г. Челябинск, 5-е место; Иса Хаджимурадов, мэр г. Грозный, 79-е место; Юлия Рокотянская, мэр г. Рязань, 96-е место. В результате авторы статьи делают основные выводы, полученные в ходе исследования сетевого и лингводискурсивного анализа сетевых тематик данных аккаунтов, визуальной составляющей, а также комментариев как реакции пользователей на цифровую социально-политическую повестку дня и официальный дискурс в онлайн- и офлайн-пространствах. In the era of social networks and network society, socio-political actors, including heads of municipalities, are the main subjects in shaping digital socio-political agenda in the online space. The modern digital socio-political agenda is formed by two simultaneous processes in social networks: firstly, the head of the city creates socio-political content in leading social networks; secondly, citizens give feedback in the form of a comment thread on this content. As a result, a digital agenda is formed and an offline reaction to this discourse in the form of specific constructive or destructive reactions of residents of cities in modern Russia. The empirical base of this study was the content of official accounts (a method of continuous sampling of posts, hashtags, photos and videos, as well as all comments) of the mayors of Russian cities on Instagram, VKontakte, Facebook, Twitter and Odnoklassniki, according to the Medialogia rating for the period October 1, 2020 - December 31, 2020. As a result, the authors draw the conclusions obtained during the study of network and linguistic discursive analysis of network topics of the analyzed accounts, the visual component as well as comments as user reactions to this agenda and official discourse in online and offline spaces.
Social networks are intended to enhance interpersonal communication. Yet, de facto, they transform traditional "eye-to-eye" communication into something entirely new. Its actual qualities and parameters should be studied from a new perspective. The eye-to-eye conversation implies a number of aspects discussed in phenomenology and interdisciplinary studies of non-verbal communication. Much has been written on such communication by Husserl, Heidegger, Buber, Merleau-Ponty, Podoroga and others. Social value obtained by the participant in social networking is simulative and the meaning of verbal expression does not correspond to the field of signifiers by means of verification. Social networks deconstruct the very status of Logos and offer the new rules of communication.
Social issues created by a network/digital transformation of society are coming to the forefront of political relations. Given such conditions, we are witnessing a large-scale renewal of social-professional structure, an escalation of social competition, an increase in social inequality, and a decline in the status of middle-class citizens. In the long run, the technological revolution might lead to a decrease in living standards for a significant part of the population of developed nations. Transformation of employment effectively undermines the current model for social policy, which has traditionally been built around creating new jobs and decreasing unemployment as the main objective of public administration. Since the turn of the century, the former balanced mechanism for developing social policy has been upset, and the equilibrium and stable social model is gradually deteriorating. The current model of a welfare state and social-political relations based on consolidated interests is at risk. All around the world modern advanced society relies on it and cannot adequately evolve without it. And one of the main objectives for a government would be making sure that social activity doesn't lag behind the occurring changes. However, the current social policy model in a number of countries, including Russia, does not fully correspond with the process of rearrangement, since, given the conditions of a network society, social policy's target groups tend to change. Forecasts of development within the social-labor realm are unfavorable for large groups of workers, who will have to deal with further polarization in terms of social standing and income, unless the government and society implement a set of effective measures. We are in need of alternative policy, based on coordinating the activities of the main participants of social-political relations. This will require a new political approach, aimed at providing a dynamic social balance, an increase in prosperity, and a decrease in poverty and inequality. Policy based on wider support, a broader resource base and increased opportunity for accomplishing relevant tasks seems to bear the most promise. Meanwhile the government needs to consolidate efforts, while performing an intermediary role in the respective system for making political decisions. Such a political network might result in increased social efficiency.
The article is devoted to the consideration of ways of representing disability in social networks. The construction of the virtual identity of disabled people is considered by the authors in the focus of the dramatic approach presented in the works of I. Hoffman. Based on the qualitative content analysis of the accounts of bloggers with disabilities (N = 6), the author's typology of ways to represent disability was formulated. The main criterion for selecting profiles for analysis was the presence in the posted content of visual content that allows identifying the author of the profile as a person with physical or mental disabilities, as well as a description formulated by the author about himself. Among the studied accounts, different strategies for organizing self-representation were identified, due to different life experiences of individuals. This allowed us to identify several exceptional types of virtual representation of persons with special needs. Six types of disability were identified — demonstrative, abstract, built-in, accepting, frustrating and adapting. In the course of the study, the distinctive features characteristic of each type and diametrically opposed approaches to the construction of identity are interpreted. It is concluded that there are obvious and latent differences due not only to the unique experience of the actors who formed the requests, in an effort to satisfy which they create and maintain their blogs, but also to a different audience that makes up the target group of people consuming the posted content. It is recognized that the correlating parameters that determine the direction, thematic features, contextual nature of the analyzed accounts, although they may be dissimilar, are still focused on the integration of their creators into society through virtual communications. Social networks, with the opportunities they provide, today serve as a modern stage for performance and at the same time are a way of entering the communities of individuals and their life worlds. The activity of people with disabilities in social networks opens up additional prospects for their further inclusion in society and increases the inclusive culture of communities in online and offline environments.
Through the lens of the collective memory theory, this article examines issues of community integration, within the context of fostering a sense of affinity and connection in a network society. The author ponders the proportion of significance of the past on a macro- and micro-level. The main goal of the researcher is to display the role of a network in developing individual and collective identity, while focusing on the following problems: if the past plays such a vital role in processes of integration on a macro-level, does it play as crucial a role on the micro-level; does addressing the past develop or sustain itself within a network; can "network proclivity" in collective memory be considered an effective mechanism for developing attitudes. In other words, the significance (or lack thereof) of past experience (collective memory) is brought into question. This article presents certain mechanisms for integrating society by means of using reminders from the past. Also, based on analyzing polls which were conducted throughout the last twenty years, it is revealed how specific events in Poland's recent history have played out in collective memory. The author presents interpretations, hypotheses, as well as arguments and counterarguments with regard to the connection between the network nature of social life and the development of various forms of connection to the past. The results of the study indicate that participation in a network has an insignificant effect on one's interpretation of events from the recent past. Also highlighted is the fact that individuals who directly participated in certain events are the most trustworthy source of knowledge of the past. This confirms the hypothesis that modern networks do have an effect on choosing traditions, and therefore on their transformation on a macro-level.
Studying the network of interpersonal and intergroup interactions between individuals / groups of individuals is carried out with the help of mathematical models. This type of study is called cluster-network analysis. In this article, based on years of his own research in this area is represented by adapting the analysis of networking in terms of social philosophy. Inconclusive nature of the relationship stratification in online communities and describes a method of calculation of social capital.
Book Review: Ceron, Andrea. Social Media and Political Accountability Bridging the Gap between Citizens and Politicians. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. 236 p. ; Рецензия на книгу: Ceron, Andrea. Social Media and Political Accountability Bridging the Gap between Citizens and Politicians. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. 236 p.
Advertising in a social network has a number of characteristics that distinguish it from other types of advertising, and which may be of key importance in answering the question about its ability to serve as a signal of quality. In the game-theoretic model presented in this paper, the monopolist sends an advertising signal to bloggers who act as "opinion leaders" in the social network. The latter, in turn, make decisions about posting advertising messages on their blogs, taking into account the impact that this action may have on their reputation. The paper investigates the question of when advertising can serve as a reliable signal of quality in a separating equilibrium.
The article discusses the problems of legal regulation of political agitation in social networks, a comparative legal analysis of legal and corporate norms of social networks is carried out; agitation in social networks is considered as an independent legal campaigning mode, different from online agitation and audiovisual campaign materials. ; В статье рассматриваются проблемы правового регулирования предвыборной агитации в социальных сетях, проводится сравнительно-правовой анализ правовых и корпоративных норм соцсетей. Агитация в соцсетях рассматривается как самостоятельный правовой режим агитации, отличный от интернет-агитации и от аудиовизуальных агитационных материалов.
Cluster-network analysis of online communities will move from rizomnoy paradigm to cluster in the perception of social networks as a form of interpersonal and intergroup communication. This article describes the author's technique created and approved research online communities of political, public and commercial organizations in the framework of the IIP in "AIT" Bashkir State University.
The article focuses on the self-organization of social space which results from constructing a network of civil society. Social network morphology is a modern form of organization of social life where each individual enters into the dynamics of social interactions. Social interaction, as well as their organization should be assessed and analyzed within the dialectical synergetic approach. This approach allows to take into account the leading role of social and political movements, and the involvement of people in community activities for more effective management of social processes.Key words: civil society, the network structure, decentralization, self-organization, individual, social and political movements. ; Статья посвящена вопросам самоорганизации социального пространства посредством построения сетевого гражданского общества. Сетевая социальная морфология является современной формой организации социального бытия, где каждый индивид вступает в динамику общественных взаимодействий. Социальные взаимодействия, а также их организацию целесообразно оценивать и анализировать с помощью диалектико-синергетического подхода. Данный подход позволяет учитывать ведущую роль общественно-политических движений в процессе самоорганизации социального пространства, а также вовлеченность людей в общественную деятельность для более эффективной координации их социального бытия. Ключевые слова: гражданское общество, сетевая структура, децентрализация, самоорганизация, личность, общественно-политические движения.
The article considers the problems in change of the content and character of public policy because of distribution of modern information technologies. The author includes of some functions of traditional media, and also necessity of formation of qualitatively new forms of socio-political interaction at the basis of horizontal network communications on the list of such problems. According to the author, Public Policy Online became today an objective reality, and thus demands respectful attention of the basic participants of modern political process. Formation of political resonance is an important element of modern Online-publicity and creates essentially new possibilities for the state's policy-making of in modern conditions. ; В статье автором рассматриваются проблемы изменения содержания и характера публичной политики вследствие распространения современных информационных технологий. В число таких проблем автор включает исчерпание ряда функций традиционных медиа, а также необходимость формирования качественно новых форм социально-политического взаимодействия на базе горизонтальных сетевых связей. По мнению автора, публичная политика Online стала сегодня объективной реальностью и требует к себе соответствующего внимания основных участников современного политического процесса. Формирование политических резонансов является важным элементом современной Online-публичности и создает принципиально новые возможности для формирования политики государства в современных условиях.
