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Two claims about the nature & scope of theories in International Relations can be found in Kenneth Waltzs work. The first claim is that it is possible to develop a theory of international politics, ie., a theory that is capable to predict the outcomes of interactions among states without necessarily predicting their foreign policy behavior. The second claim is that it is possible to develop a structural theory of politics, ie., a theory that rigorously separates structural & unit-level causes & only considers the former. This note argues the following: G) the two claims are distinct; (ii) Waltz does not separate them consistently; (iii) he defends the first claim by using arguments that support the second claim; (iv) the first claim is not plausible; (iv) the second claim is plausible, but it needs to be qualified. Figures, References. Adapted from the source document.

Analisi documentata con numerose fonti di archivio dell'evoluzione della propaganda antigiudaica nel territorio di Brescia durante la seconda metà del Quattrocento e delle posizioni sostenute in particolar modo dai francescani, impegnati nella predicazione contro l'usura, in genere, e contro il prestito ebraico, in particolare, dopo l'episodio di Simonino da Trento.

This volume contains the results of some studies presented by Egyptian and Italian scholars at the International Conference "Peacebuilding between East and West XI-XVI c.", organized in Cairo on, October 27, 2016 by the Egyptian Unity of research, as part of the academic activities of the Bilateral Project "History of Peace-building: peaceful relations between East and West (11th - 15th century)" carried out jointly by the Institute of the Mediterranean EuropeHistory of the CNR (Italy), and the University of Damanhour. The project is totally funded by the Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)(1) of the Arab Republic of Egypt and the Italian National Research Council (CNR)(2).The purpose of the Bilateral Project - and even of the aforementioned International Conference- is to carry out research in order to examine through the study of different types of documentary and narrative sources; the nature, quantity and quality of peaceful relations between Christians and Muslims in a geographical area extending from the Iberian Peninsula to the Levantin a chronological interval between the eleventh and the fifteenth centuries. Needless to say that since it is an Italian-Egyptian project, the researchers will devote particular attention in their studies to the relations between these two geographical areas.In this book, we can find the first contributions of some scholars of the two Research Units on the important theme of the complex relationships between the Christian world and the Islamic one, which characterized almost all the Middle Ages and much of the Modern Age in the area gravitating around the Mediterranean Sea.The researchers' aim is to focus their studies on episodes, geographical areas, persons and moments which represent incidents and cases of peaceful coexistence and connection, with fruitful exchanges of various kinds of knowledge, even in a general context characterized by military, religious and ideological-cultural conflict. ; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Academy of Scientific Research & Technology ; editors in chief Prof. Ali Ahmed El-Sayed, Dr. Luciano Gallinari, Dr. Abdallah Abdel-Ati Al-Naggar ; Beiträge teilweise italienisch, teilweise arabisch in arabischer Schrift

Périodique scientifique - The authors take as starting point the success of the Corporate Social Responsibility "label", in order to analyse such concept within the EU context. As the EU approach to CSR follows closely the path tracked by the UN, special attention will be given to the commitments undertaken by the European Commission in its 2011 Communication, which led to the recent adoption of EU-endorsed Guidelines on Business and Human Rights; such initiatives will also be examined against the Commission's policy on fundamental rights. Some concrete examples drawn from parliamentary questions on matters related to CSR, will help illustrate the role of the European Parliament in shaping a EU position on such issues, as well as give some insights into the developments in the EU policy on CSR. ; Peer reviewed

This paper focuses on the current position of political science in Italian universities. In doing so, it aims not only at providing a purely descriptive account, but also at evaluating the general status of political science in Italy. The analysis of the academic status of a subject helps us to understand what kind of general status it possesses within a country. The number of people teaching political science, the kind of institutions it is taught in, & exactly what is taught, all provide an understanding -- albeit not an exhaustive one -- of some of the essential conditions influencing the real status of political science in Italy. After a brief historical introduction, detailed figures are given regarding the number & distribution of political scientists in Italy's universities, & the courses currently offered in the field of political science are described & discussed. In the second part of the paper, the author gives his views on the current state of Italian political science, which he considers to be not dissimilar to that of other countries, & they subsequently invite the reader to reflect on the need for an increase in its social status. At the same time, some reflections are presented about the risk Italian political science could fall into without a more conscious collective strategy aimed at improving its own position & status in universities. Tables, References. Adapted from the source document.

Nel quinto libro dell'Etica Nicomachea Aristotele definisce la condizione necessaria perché una particolare specie di giustizia, il giusto politico (politikon dikaion), trovi attuazione: è l'esistenza di un ordine politico formalmente definito (politeia). Al centro della riflessione aristotelica sul giusto politico è il rapporto che passa tra questa particolare modalità di configurazione della giustizia e la politeia reale. È infatti la comprensione di quel rapporto a rendere intelligibili i fattori politici "indipendenti" (indipendenti cioè dalla natura, dalla necessità o dal caso) che condizionano la storia delle comunità politiche e che costituiscono l'oggetto di studio proprio della scienza politica. Attraverso la comparazione con la politeia Aristotele riflette sull'intelligibilità del giusto politico: in quanto si discosta dalla nozione assoluta di giustizia, come la politeia reale si discosta da quella ideale, il giusto politico diventa intelligibile. ; In NE Book V Aristotle recognizes the condition required for the implementation of a particular kind of justice, namely, political justice (politikon dikaion): that condition is a form of government (politeia). Central to the point of Aristotle's comparising politeia and political justice is the intelligibility of political justice (and of politeia): political justice becomes intelligible in that it departs from absolute justice, in the same way as forms of government deviate from the ideal one i.e. the best form.

Has Germany changed after the reunification? Is the country still actively involved in the building of Europe? Is it still a leader in the European Union & will the French-German axis still be the focal point of Europe? Does Germany strive to go beyond European boundaries to take a more incisive role in the international scene? How will the relationship between Italy & Germany develop in the future? In order to find answers to these & other questions on Germany's foreign politics, the University of Pavia held four conferences between Nov & Dec 2003, for Political Science students specializing in European integration & history of international relations. Two Italian & two German lecturers offered different perspectives on contemporary Germany & its relation with Italy & Europe. M. Williamson