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Since World War II, national and international policy makers have been confronted by a growing number of complex problems the resolution of which hangs, to a significant degree, on scientific knowledge or technical insights. This puts a premium on the quality and clarity of scientific/technical advice they receive. From their vantage points as scientists, policy makers or science advisors from both East and West, the authors of this book examine the issues involved in science for public policy and explore ways to improve the quality and timeliness of the scientific advice available to decisi

Since World War II, national and international policy makers have been confronted by a growing number of complex problems the resolution of which hangs, to a significant degree, on scientific knowledge or technical insights. This puts a premium on the quality and clarity of scientific/technical advice they receive. From their vantage points as scientists, policy makers or science advisors from both East and West, the authors of this book examine the issues involved in science for public policy and explore ways to improve the quality and timeliness of the scientific advice available to decisi.

A review essay on books by (1) Edward A. Parson, Protecting the Ozone Layer: Science, Strategy, and Negotiation in the Shaping of a Global Environmental Regime (Oxford: Oxford U Press, 2002); & (2) Reiner Grundmann, Transnational Environmental Policy: Reconstructing Ozone (London: Routledge, 2001). Parson & Grundmann analyze national & international regulation of ozone-depleting substances, like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), halons, & others, since the Montreal Protocol (1987), as an example of progressive action & utilization of science to address a global environmental problem. Grundmann is praised for his focus on the political context for the negotiations; however, he is criticized for his prose & poor construction of his theoretical framework. Parson clearly presents his analysis of the behavior of the negotiators themselves, but his neglect of the role of ideas in politics is cited as a shortcoming. Both are commended for their compelling documentation of advocates successfully converting scientific knowledge into politically compelling form for incorporation into environmental policies. 3 References. L. Collins

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 -- Social Change through Creativity: -- Music in Mainland China's Schools and Community -- Abstract -- Introduction -- The Role of the Chinese Government in the Growth of Creativity -- The Development of Creativity in Chinese School Education -- Creativity in School Music Education in the Global Age -- A Review of Arts Education and Music Education -- The Study of School Music Education in Beijing -- Background of Beijing -- Creativity and Innovation in School Education -- A Content Analysis of Selected Music Textbooks -- Discussion and Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 2 -- Preparing Competent Policy Practitioners: How to Be an Effective Advocate for Your Clients -- Abstract -- Introduction -- What Is Policy Practice? -- Competent Policy Practice (CPP) Framework -- Strategy 1. Personal Relationships -- Case Study -- Strategy 2. Client/Constituent Empowerment -- Case Study -- Strategy 3. Documentation and Correspondence -- Case Example -- Strategy 4. Social Media -- Case Study -- Strategy 5. Collaboration -- Case Study -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 -- A Panorama on Sports Policies in Brazil -- Abstract -- Introduction -- History of the Relationship between State and Sports -- Sports Organization - Executive Power and Private Initiative -- Sports Organization - Legislative Power and Judicial Power -- Public Resources for Sports -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 -- A Study of Young Students' Musical Preferences in Contemporary Hong Kong -- Abstract -- Introduction -- An Overview of Contemporary Hong Kong Society -- Purpose of the Study -- Method -- Findings -- Parental Educational Attainment -- Students' Purpose of Music Listening -- Medium of Students' Music Listening -- Musical Styles that Student Listened to