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The central role of African women in the struggle for peace in Africa is discussed, with focus on events leading to the establishment of the Federation of African Women's Peace Networks. It is demonstrated that African women have become central promoters of peace through establishing alliances with other women, appealing to warring leaders, participating in peace negotiations, & organizing reconciliation efforts. D. Weibel

Under what conditions do religious groups engage in peace activism? Religious groups engage in peace activism if the associated costs are low and they compete with either conflict party over the interpretation of their religious content concerning war and peace. Peace activism is a promising action as peace activists maintain their positive self-evaluation. I introduce a novel dataset of peace activism for 511 religious groups in 128 countries from 1990 to 2008. Conditional fixed effects and logistic models support my hypotheses. The findings highlight the role of rational considerations in the decision to conduct peace activities by representatives of religious groups.

An editorial introduction to a special issue of Peace & Change, devoted to "the Pedagogy of Peace," outlines the recent history of peace research, described as entering its adolescence & standing at the vortex of its past & future. The institutional study of peace, begun in 1948, focused on the Vietnam war in the 1960s, & then shifted to alternative dispute resolution at the macrolevel, & nonviolence studies at the microlevel. In the 1980s, with the conservative trend in government & the escalation of the arms race, peace studies focused on issues of nuclear power. The advent of glasnost (openness) & the amazing changes in Eastern Europe have brought about the most exciting era of peace studies, & the focus has changed to broader issues of social justice, change, & participation, as the nuclear dilemma fades away. Faced with the challenge of resolving the tension between the critical & instrumental approaches, it is urged that the issues of pedagogy not be overlooked, since they play a central role in the future of peace studies in a changing world. It is hoped that this journal issue will provide a stimulus for a continuing dialogue on the pedagogy of peace. S. Dilts