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The Nordic Region offers innovative interpretative approaches and models to overcome the "dilemma between security and prosperity". In this region, integration and fragmentation have been well-balanced and grounded on diversity. The first aim of this article is to explain the reasons for peace in Nordic Europe, a task sometimes more difficult than explaining wars. Historical cases of pacific resolution of disputes and the possible reasons for those policies are considered. Finally, the theoretical foundations of these approaches and how they influenced the political institutions are also analyzed.

L'entree triomphale des communistes a Saigon en Avril 1975 n'est plus qu'un souvenir. Les faits ont demontre que les combattants vietnamiens sont davatange prets a des concessions et que la "purete" revolutionnaire n'est plus ce quelle etait. Pekin s'inquiete de la guerre avec le Cambodge. L'isolement international du Viet-Nam le contraint a se rapprocher encore davantage de Moscou, ce qui provoque le raidissement de l'attitude de la Chine. Le gouvernement est contraint de composer pour tenir compte des divergences economiques reelles entre le Nord et le Sud, ce qui explique les tensions entre les differentes ailes du PC. (Internat. Political Science Assoc.)

The Pope observes that world peace, justice, & forgiveness are goals more important than ever in light of the tragic terrorist events of 11 Sept. True peace is the work & fruit of justice, moral character, & legal guarantee. After pontificating on the phenomenon of terrorism, based on contempt for human life, the Pope then notes that no religion should tolerate or promulgate violence or terrorism. At the root of any future project of a just & solid society is the ability to forgive. While peace is a condition for development, true peace is only made possible through forgiveness. The Pontiff calls for pardon, understanding, & interfaith cooperation, & concludes with a prayer for peace. J. Sadler

The article aims to enrich our understanding of the double-concept of "peace/war" in international relations, & of its place in international theory, starting from an examination of its relations with issues of power & freedom. The authors look at history to comprehend the essential features of peace & war in different systems of states as they have historically developed; but they also turn to contemporary international politics to highlight the ways in which both peace & war have changed since the end of the Cold War. Finally, the article investigates the politics of "peace/war" in the international order of today, with particular reference to globalization & the role of American hegemony. Adapted from the source document.

The article discusses the recent debate on the democratic peace hypothesis & its likely consequences on today's international system. After an analysis of causal relationships explaining the link between democracy & peace, the article argues that empirical evidence supports the hypothesis. The separate peace among democracies does not concern relationships between democracies & nondemocracies, which could even be exacerbated by ideological disputes. The question of the enlargement of democracy then becomes paramount, & leads to a choice between indirect promotion & forced export. Although in recent years there has been a significant increase of democratization, both these choices present strong limits. Tables, References. Adapted from the source document.