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I.F.A.N. was first established by the central government of l'Afrique Occidentale Française in 1936, as a successor to the Comité d'etudes historiques et scientifiques. At the time of the break-up of the A.O.F. federation, in March 1959, it became an Institute of the University of Dakar, and since then has been financed by the French Ministry of National Education.

This Colloquium on the Politics of Development and Different African Ways to Socialism was attended by delegates from 16 African countries, and observers from several others. They included such distinguished Africans as the Senegalese President, Léopold Sédar Senghor, who acted as host, and the Premier, Mamadou Dia; Jacques Rabemananjara, Malagasy Minister of Economic Planning; Auguste Anfuille, Gabon Minister of National Education; Mohamed El Moktar Marouf, Mauritainan Minister of Economic Planning; Asséfa Demisse, Ethiopian Deputy Minister of Finance; Boubou Hama, President of the National Assembly of Niger; Abdelmajed Chaker, Tunisian Scretary of Agriculture; Dr S. O. Biobaku, Pro-Vice Chancellor of the University of Ife, Nigeria; Osman Ahmed Hassen Somali Ambassador to France; and Namamodou Diakité Guinean Ambassdor to Senegal.

COLLOMB, one of the leading psychiatrists on the African continent, has made many outstanding contributions illuminating African psychiatry. Abstracts of articles by him and by his coworkers based on their observations in Senegal are presented. Subjects reported on include clinical syndromes, suicide, alcohol and cannabis habituation, juvenile delinquency, psychosomatic conditions, methods of resolving the Oedipus complex, and the psychotherapeutic effect of an initiation ceremony on persons possessed by evil spirits. WALTON, on the basis of his experiences in the Republic of South Africa, discusses modifications required in the clinical approach in psychiatric practice in a multiracial society. JILEK AND JILEK demonstrate that clinical impressions obtained in Tanganyika could be blindly validated by Rorschach interpretation carried out by a psycho logist unfamiliar with African culture. In the previous issue Psychiatric Disorder among the Yoruba by ALEXANDER H. LEIGHTON and his coworkers was reviewed by a psychiatrist; a review of this book by a cultural anthropologist with exten sive experience in Africa is included in this issue.

The Council of Ministers of the Organization of African Unity (OAU), consisting of the foreign ministers of the member countries, met in Dakar, Senegal, on August 2–11, 1963, under the chairmanship of Mr. Doudou Thiam (Senegal) in pursuance of the decisions taken at the Addis Ababa Conference of African heads of state and government.

The Security Council at its 1027th to 1033rd meetings, April 17–24, 1963, considered this question, which was brought to the attention of the Council in a letter dated April 10, 1963, from the Chargé d'Affaires of the permanent mission of Senegal, addressed to the President of the Security Council. The government of Senegal called upon the Security Council to discuss the violations of Senegalese air space and territory on the border between Senegal and Portuguese Guinea. The letter cited the violation of air space by four Portuguese aircraft, the dropping of grenades on the village of Bouniack on April 9, 1963, and three similar violations of territory and air space which occurred on December 16, 1961, and which were drawn to the attention of the President of the Security Council on December 22, 1961.

The purpose of this meeting, convened by the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (E.C.A.), was to consider the position and prospects of Africa's major agricultural export commodities and to examine possible national and international measures for commodity stabilisation. Over 50 representatives attended from 17 African countries; the chairman was Mr O. I. Afe of Nigeria, and the vice-chairman was M Medoune Fall of Senegal.

The conference of heads of state and government of the African and Malagasy Union (UAM) decided at a meeting held at Dakar, Senegal, on March 7–10, 1964, to dissolve UAM and to replace it by a new African and Malagasy Union for Economic Cooperation (UAMCE). The decision was in accordance with the recommendations on regional groupings approved by the Council of Ministers of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) at its Dakar meeting in August 1963.

Dakar, Senegal, 26–30 March, and Freetown, Sierra Leone, 3–8 April 1963. These two conferences—both sponsored by the Congress for Cultural Freedom—arose out of an earlier meeting on inter-university co-operation held at Fourah Bay College in December 1961. The aim of both was to persuade African universities to integrate the teaching of African literature in French and English into their regular syllabuses, and to ensure that it is studied as literature, not for its curiosity or ethnographic value.