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The article presents the main results of the research of interests and political orientations of student youth which was carried out in 2014 at the Kazan federal university and its branches in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan. The choice of student youth as a reference group is caused by a number of factors, among which we should name the status of intellectual elite, social and political mobility that allows to consider students as the potential actors of socio-political transformations in the country. The data obtained during poll compared with the results of last research allow defining the dynamics of development of student youth's political sentiment in the region. The study of political attitudes, preferences of students was based on the identification of a number of indicators (degree of interest in politics, the level of personal involvement in political life) and on the study of factors that determine the motivation of political behavior of students. Empirical studies make it possible to rank the problems that dominate the political consciousness of students in the region. These include a high level of corruption in the government, inflation, rising prices, the state of health and education systems and the growing income inequality. Particular attention is accented on the problems associated with the foreign policy aspects, threats, aggression from abroad. The study showed that most young people's interest in politics is limited primarily by informational level, rarely they have desire to express their own position or judgments in political situations. The level of real political participation, socio-political activity of students is low. Obtained results let us notice the increasing trend of demonstration of protest behavior among certain part of the students.

The article reveals modern approaches to the definition of social policy of the state. Its main objectives, priorities are characterized; the essence of ways of achievement of objectives and prospects of consequences of their implementation in 1990-1995 are revealed. The aim of the study is to characterize the evolution of social policy of the Altai territory in the first half of the 90s of the 20th century. The historiographical review was conducted in three areas of research separately: protection of the poor; revision of the principles of financing of the social sphere; regulation of the labor market and the transformation of employment policy. The problems and achievements of regional policy in the field of social support of population are characterized on the example of the Altai territory; the main directions of improvement of the current situation for the next decades of the 21th century are determined. The author's conclusions are confirmed by statistical indicators of investments in the social sphere of the Altai territory of the late 20th century. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the introduction into scientific circulation of a number of archival documents regulating the social policy of the Altai territory in 1990-1995, as well as in the analysis of formal institutions of regional social policy of the Altai territory, which proves that during the institutional transformations in the region there was a liberal model of social policy, corresponding to local economic opportunities and political attitudes of the elite. The article summarizes the information about the structure of government in the field of social protection of the population of the Altai territory in the post-Soviet period. The analysis of normative acts regulating their activity, main powers and functions is given. In addition, the stages of reforming the management system of social protection of the population and the causes of the difficulties in this regard are analyzed. The goals and procedure of reforming the system of social protection bodies throughout the Altai territory are revealed. goals and procedure ; Раскрываются современные подходы к определению социальной политики государства. Характеризуются ее основные цели, приоритеты, раскрывается сущность способов достижения поставленных задач и перспективы последствий их реализации в 1990-1995 гг. Целью исследования является характеристика эволюции социальной политики Алтайского края в первой половине 90-х гг. ХХ в. Историографический обзор проведен по трем направлениям исследования: защита слабообеспеченных слоев народонаселения; переработка принципов финансирования социосферы; регулирование рынка труда и трансформация политики занятости. На примере Алтайского края характеризуются проблемы и достижения региональной политики в области социальной поддержки народонаселения; определяются основные направления усовершенствования сложившейся ситуации на ближайшие десятилетия XXI в. Авторские выводы подтверждаются статистическими показателями вложений в социальную сферу Алтайского края конца XX в. Научная новизна исследования заключается во введении в научный оборот ряда архивных документов, регулирующих социальную политику Алтайского края в 1990-1995 гг., а также в анализе формальных институтов региональной социальной политики Алтайского края, который доказывает, что в ходе институциональных трансформаций в регионе сложилась либеральная модель социальной политики, соответствующая местным экономическим возможностям и политическим установкам элиты. Обобщены сведения о структуре органов управления в области социальной защиты народонаселения Алтайского региона в постсоветский период. Приводится анализ нормативных актов, регламентирующих их деятельность, основные полномочия и выполняемые функции. Кроме того, анализируются этапы реформирования системы управления социальной защиты населения и причины трудностей, возникающих в этой связи. Раскрываются цели и порядок реформирования системы органов социальной защиты на всей территории Алтайского края.

The article is devoted to the investment and legal aspects of the proposed measures aimed at improving the efficiency of the national intellectual capital use and, hence, achieving the long-term objectives of social and economic development of Russia. Such measures include the development of private investment, including venture capital, reduction of interest rates on production loans for high-tech companies using and creating national intellectual capital and legislation improvement in the sphere of creation and use of intellectual property. The article presents the forecast of economic effect from realization of measures in the sphere of private investment development, the forecast of economic effect from the reduction of interest rates on loans for high-tech companies using the example of а hypothetical company, the assessment of the impact of proposals on legislation improvement and providing the technology transfer. It concludes that the proposed measures have the significant influence in terms of stimulating the development of private investment in the sphere of intellectual capital use. The article presents the model of estimation of economic effect from reduction of interest rates on the loan for high-tech enterprises, which confirms the positive impact of this measure at microeconomic level, which, in turn, allows to make a conclusion about its positive impact on the economy as a whole. Within the legal aspect study the specific measures to encourage the creation and use of intellectual capital and improving technology transfer as an element of intellectual capital policy are proposed. It is concluded that the proposed legislative and institutional changes will contribute to improving the efficiency of national intellectual capital use in the long term.

In the Europe of the European Union, policies and programmes on the social inclusion of millions of Euros have been presented for years in different countries, with a greater concentration in the countries of the South and neighbouring countries. This issue is of concern to state, regional and also local governments. The strategies proposed are also multilevel. It is the latter that have the most complicated role since they are the ones that are closest to the problem. For this last level of public administration, the main obstacle is the lack of resources, becoming clearly dependent on European, national and autonomous funds. The analysis of the plans guides us as to which aspects are the most important. This is the case of Barcelona, because it is an example of inclusive support measures and teamwork on a European and international scale. A theoretical model derived from the analysis of the theory and the results of the application of the different social policies of inclusion through training is presented, in which the leader has a determining role and a new actor is incorporated into the traditional models. ; In the Europe of the European Union, policies and programmes on the social inclusion of millions of Euros have been presented for years in different countries, with a greater concentration in the countries of the South and neighbouring countries. This issue is of concern to state, regional and also local governments. The strategies proposed are also multilevel. It is the latter that have the most complicated role since they are the ones that are closest to the problem. For this last level of public administration, the main obstacle is the lack of resources, becoming clearly dependent on European, national and autonomous funds. The analysis of the plans guides us as to which aspects are the most important. This is the case of Barcelona, because it is an example of inclusive support measures and teamwork on a European and international scale. A theoretical model derived from the analysis of the theory and the results of the application of the different social policies of inclusion through training is presented, in which the leader has a determining role and a new actor is incorporated into the traditional models.

In the Europe of the European Union, policies and programmes on the social inclusion of millions of Euros have been presented for years in different countries, with a greater concentration in the countries of the South and neighbouring countries. This issue is of concern to state, regional and also local governments. The strategies proposed are also multilevel. It is the latter that have the most complicated role since they are the ones that are closest to the problem. For this last level of public administration, the main obstacle is the lack of resources, becoming clearly dependent on European, national and autonomous funds. The analysis of the plans guides us as to which aspects are the most important. This is the case of Barcelona, because it is an example of inclusive support measures and teamwork on a European and international scale. A theoretical model derived from the analysis of the theory and the results of the application of the different social policies of inclusion through training is presented, in which the leader has a determining role and a new actor is incorporated into the traditional models. ; In the Europe of the European Union, policies and programmes on the social inclusion of millions of Euros have been presented for years in different countries, with a greater concentration in the countries of the South and neighbouring countries. This issue is of concern to state, regional and also local governments. The strategies proposed are also multilevel. It is the latter that have the most complicated role since they are the ones that are closest to the problem. For this last level of public administration, the main obstacle is the lack of resources, becoming clearly dependent on European, national and autonomous funds. The analysis of the plans guides us as to which aspects are the most important. This is the case of Barcelona, because it is an example of inclusive support measures and teamwork on a European and international scale. A theoretical model derived from the analysis of the theory and the results of the application of the different social policies of inclusion through training is presented, in which the leader has a determining role and a new actor is incorporated into the traditional models.

Epilepsy is a disease creating multiple obstacles for patients in terms of their social rights as well as for their associates. The level of physician's legal literacy can both improve the life of a patient with epilepsy and significantly complicate it for many years. Despite the existing normative legal acts regulating the admission of patients with epilepsy and epileptic syndrome to various types of work, military service, weapon possession, and driving, there are still many questions, which is a significant defect in medical service. First of all, we should take into account that people with long-term remission (with or without pharmacotherapy) have the same legal restrictions as patients with incurable epilepsy. Therefore, accurate initial diagnostics in patients with symptoms similar to epilepsy is very important.This article describes the main legislative rules regulating social rights of people with epilepsy and draws attention of the medical community to the problems of these patients. ; Эпилепсия – заболевание, создающее множество проблем и для самого пациента в реализации его социальных прав, и для его окружения. Уровень юридической грамотности врача может как облегчить жизнь пациента с эпилепсией, так и существенно усложнить ее на долгие годы. Несмотря на имеющиеся нормативно-правовые акты, четко регламентирующие допуск пациентов с эпилепсией и эпилептическим синдромом к различным видам работ, службе в армии, владению оружием, управлению транспортными средствами, по этой теме остается множество вопросов, что является существенным пробелом во врачебной работе. Прежде всего, во врачебной практике необходимо учитывать, что граждане с многолетней ремиссией (медикаментозной или немедикаментозной) подпадают под те же законодательные ограничения, что и люди с некурабельной формой эпилепсии. Исходя из этого, очень важна точность первоначальной диагностики при первичном обращении с симптомами, похожими на эпилепсию.В настоящей статье мы постарались отразить основные нормы действующего законодательства, регламентирующие вопросы реализации социальных прав граждан с диагнозом эпилепсии, и обратить внимание врачебного сообщества на сопутствующие проблемы этой категории пациентов.

в статье авторы осмысляют феномен идентичности ; исследуя процессы формирования современной казахстанской нации и новой национальной идентичности на гражданской и политической основе ; актуализируют уникальный национальный состав казахстанского общества. ; in the article the authors comprehend the phenomenon of identity ; examining the processes of formation of a modern Kazakhstani nation and a new national identity on a civil and political basis ; actualizing the unique ethnic composition of the Kazakhstani society.

"Artykuły zaprezentowane w monografii są odpowiedzią na sytuację, jaka zaistniała w związku z pandemią COVID-19 i jej konsekwencjami odnoszącymi się zarówno do obecności technologii informatycznych we wszystkich obszarach życia społecznego, jak i powszechności ich wykorzystania. Celem publikacji jest więc zobrazowanie złożoności i dynamiki zachodzących procesów wirtualizacji życia społecznego i ich wpływu na funkcjonowanie osób z niepełnosprawnościami, także z uwzględnieniem ostatnich wydarzeń związanych ze światową epidemią. Poszczególne rozdziały książki koncentrują się m.in. na: sposobach wykorzystania Internetu przez osoby z niepełnosprawnościami, edukacji online i kompetencjach cyfrowych osób z niepełnosprawnościami, wirtualnej aktywności obywatelskiej oraz aktywności społecznej i politycznej osób z niepełnosprawnościami. Istotny nacisk został też położony na wymiar aplikacyjny przygotowywanych tekstów. Publikacja łączy w sobie zarówno cechy opracowania naukowego, opartego na badaniach własnych poszczególnych autorów, jak i wnioski mające charakter rekomendacji."--