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'Social Aspects of Care' provides an overview of financial and mental stress illness places, not just on the patient, but on the family as well. This volume contains information on how to support families in palliative care, cultural considerations important in end-of-life care, sexuality and the impact of illness, planning for the actual death, and bereavement

of Volume 4 -- 1 Alcohol Use in Tribal Societies -- 2 Anthropological Perspectives on the Social Biology of Alcohol: An Introduction to the Literature -- 3 Drinking Behavior and Drinking Problems in the United States -- 4 Alcoholism in Women -- 5 Youthful Alcohol Use, Abuse, and Alcoholism -- 6 Family Structure and Behavior in Alcoholism: A Review of the Literature -- 7 The Alcoholic Personality -- 8 Alcoholism and Mortality -- 9 Alcohol and Unintentional Injury -- 10 Alcohol and Crimes of Violence -- 11 Alcohol Abuse and Work Organizations -- 12 Education and the Prevention of Alcoholism -- 13 The Effects of Legal Restraint on Drinking.

Epilepsy : definition, syndromes, and treatment / Jordan Kamel and Mark Cook -- Beliefs and perceptions of epilepsy in different cultures / Jaya Pinikahana -- Epilepsy, stigma and society / Graham Scambler -- Who gets treatment for epilepsy? : the political economy of the treatment gap / Christine Walker -- Epilepsy and women's health issues / Line Sveberg R2ste and Erik Taub2ll -- Injuries in epilepsy / Rita Nguyen and Josâe F. Tâellez-Zenteno -- Epilepsy, driving and law / Roy G. Beran -- Epilepsy, culture, identity and wellbeing : a study of the social, cultural and environmental context of epilepsy in Cameroon / Pascale Allotey and Daniel Reidpath -- Knowledge, attitudes and epilepsy / John O. Elliott, Sheri Hart and Christine Charyton -- Employment and epilepsy / Ramon Edmundo D. Bautista and Logan A. Crews -- Epilepsy and physical exercise : how much is too much? / Ricardo Mario Arida, Fulvio Alexandre Scorza and Esper Abräao Cavalheiro -- Economic and psychosocial burden of epilepsy in developing countries / Sanjeev V. Thomas -- Epilepsy and media / Toba Schwaber Kerson

Sexuality / Marianne Matzo -- Bereavement / Inge B. Corless -- Supporting families in palliative care / Rose Steele and Betty Davies -- Planning for the actual death / Patricia Berry -- Cultural considerations in palliative care / Polly Mazanec and Joan T. Panke -- Self-assessment test questions.

Intro -- Contents -- Social Aspects of Applied Human Genetics -- Recent Developments in Clinical Genetics -- Human Genetics in Medical Practice: A Review and Analysis -- Public Knowledge and Use of Medical Genetics -- The Nature and Scope of Genetic Counseling -- The Role of the Genetic Counselor -- The Delivery of Genetic Counseling -- Reproductive Decisions after Counseling -- Areas of Needed Research -- The Social Organization of Medical Genetics -- Genetics Counselors -- Clients of Genetic Counseling -- Legal Considerations -- Economic Aspects of Applied Genetics -- References

The chapters in this book describe the current situation and changes that affect the health and well-being of different Indigenous populations around the world. They also highlight the adaptations and strengths of older people as they find ways to meet current challenges in their lives.

Modern epigenetics unites scientists from life sciences, organic chemistry as well as computer and engineering sciences to find an answer to the question of how environmental influences can have a lasting effect on gene expression, maybe even into the next generations. This volume examines from an interdisciplinary perspective the ethical, legal and social aspects of epigenetics. Contents • Introduction to Epigenetics • The Assessment of Emerging Technology • Epigenetics and Genetic Determinism (in Popular Science) • Intergenerational Justice as a Topic of an Ethics of Epigenetics • About the Ethical Ambivalence of Epigenetic Knowledge • Biological, Medical, Social, and Ethical Challenges • Learning from and Shaping the Public Discourse about Epigenetics • State of the Public Discourse on Epigenetics • New Aspects of Chemicals Policy • Epigenetics and Legal Regulations • Epigenetics and the Protection of Personality Rights • Adam's Apple and His Legacy • Epigenetics and Original Sin Target Groups Scholars and students in science and technology studies, biology, philosophy, sociology, theory of science, history of science, law and theology Editors Reinhard Heil and Harald König are researchers at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. Stefanie B. Seitz was a researcher at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology until January 2016 and is currently working for the DBFZ - Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gGmbH, Leipzig. Jürgen Robienski is a German lawyer in Hannover and Müden/Aller (Lower Saxony). He is a research fellow at the Center of Ethics and Law in the Life Sciences (CELLS) of Leibniz University in Hannover

This core textbook is the ideal companion text for students studying the social aspects of health and illness, whether it is as part of a health studies degree, nursing or other professional qualification related to health, social care, youth and community work and social work. Written at an introductory level this book is suitable for students new to this subject and looking for a broad and accessible text for use throughout their studies

The chapters in this book describe the current situation and changes that affect the health and well-being of different Indigenous populations around the world. They also highlight the adaptations and strengths of older people as they find ways to meet current challenges in their lives.

1 Alcohol Use and Abuse: Historical Perspective and Present Trends -- 1. Alcohol Use in Historical Perspective -- 2. Alcohol Consumption and Alcohol Problems -- 3. Development of the Concept(s) of Alcoholism -- 4. References -- 2 The Genetics of Alcoholism -- 1. Types of Studies Supporting a Genetic Influence in Alcoholism -- 2. Possible Biological Mechanisms for a Genetic Influence in Alcoholism -- 3. A Prospective Search for the Biological Determinants of Alcoholism -- 4. Summary -- 5. References -- 3 The Absorption, Distribution, and Metabolism of Ethanol and Its Effects on Nutrition and Hepatic Function -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Absorption and Distribution -- 3. Pharmacokinetics and Alcohol Elimination Rates -- 4. Processes and Organs Responsible for Ethanol Elimination -- 5. Significant Pathways of Ethanol Metabolism -- 6. Enzymes That Oxidize Ethanol to Acetaldehyde -- 7. Enzymes That Oxidize Acetaldehyde to Acetate -- 8. Control of Ethanol and Acetaldehyde Metabolism in Liver -- 9. Effect of Chronic Ethanol Ingestion on Alcohol Elimination Rate -- 10. Chronic Ethanol Ingestion and Nutrition -- 11. Ethanol Oxidation and Hepatic Metabolism -- 12. References -- 4 Effects of Ethanol upon Organ Systems Other than the Central Nervous System -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Ethanol and the Gastrointestinal Tract -- 3. Muscle Systems -- 4. The Hematologic System -- 5. Kidney Disease and Alcoholism -- 6. Pulmonary Disease and Alcoholism -- 7. The Endocrine System and Alcoholism -- 8. Effects of Ethanol on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis -- 9. Effects of Alcohol on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroidal Axis -- 10. The Effects of Alcohol on Growth Hormone and Prolactin -- 11. Effects of Alcohol on Vasopressin and Oxytocin -- 12. Biological Markers of Alcoholism -- 13. References -- 5 Ethanol and the Central Nervous System -- 1. Ethanol and Behavior -- 2. Ethanol and Membrane Structure and Function -- 3. Ethanol and Electrical Cellular Activity -- 4. Ethanol and Synaptic Transmission -- 5. Ethanol and Metabolism -- 6. Consequences of Long-term Ethanol Consumption -- 7. Summary -- 8. References -- 6 Neurologic Diseases Associated with Chronic Alcohol Abuse -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Physical Dependence -- 3. Chronic Diseases of the Central Nervous System -- 4. Peripheral Polyneuropathy -- 5. Nutritional Deficiencies -- 6. Conclusions -- 7. References -- 7 Biology of Tolerance and Dependence -- 1. Introduction to Tolerance and Dependence -- 2. Factors Contributing to Tolerance and Dependence -- 3. Classifications and Definitions of Tolerance -- 4. Biochemical Determinants of Ethanol Tolerance -- 5. Characteristics of Physical Dependence on Ethanol -- 6. Etiological Factors Contributing to the Development of Physical Dependence -- 7. Neurochemical Systems Determining Physical Dependence -- 8. Pharmacologic Management of the Acute Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome -- 9. References -- 8 Alcohol Consumption and Prenatal Development -- 1. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome/Fetal Alcohol Effects -- 2. Alcohol as a Teratogen in Animals, 1973–1979 -- 3. Critical Discussion and General Conclusions -- 4. References -- 9 Interaction of Ethanol with Other Drugs -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Centrally Acting Compounds -- 3. References -- 10 Psychological Correlates and Explantions of Alcohol Use and Abuse -- 1. Psychodynamic Models -- 2. The Disease Model -- 3. Behavioral and Social-Learning Approach -- 4. Future Directions -- 5. References -- 11 Alcoholism Treatment Approaches: Patient Variables, Treatment Variables -- 1. Critical View of Treatment Outcome Evaluation -- 2. Treatment Variables -- 3. Patient Variables -- 4. Implications -- 5. References -- 12 Prevention of Alcohol Abuse -- 1. Approaches to Prevention -- 2. Alcohol Education -- 3. Mass Media -- 4. Alcohol Control Legislation -- 5. Conclusions -- 6. References.

CONTENTS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- FOREWORD -- NAMIBIA'S FISHERIES: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW -- 1 A DIRECT ESTIMATE OF THE NAMIBIAN UPWELLING FLUX -- 2 THE EFFECTS OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CONTROL ON THE NORTHERN BENGUELA ECOSYSTEM -- 3 BIODIVERSITY OF THE NAMIBIAN EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE: A BRIEF REVIEW WITH EMPHASIS ON ONLINE DATABASES -- 4 ON NAMIBIA'S MARINE FISH DIVERSITY -- 5 RECONSTRUCTION AND INTERPRETATION OF MARINE FISHERIES CATCHES FROM NAMIBIAN WATERS, 1950 TO 2000 -- 6 MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS OF MANIBIAN ANGLING FISH SPECIES

Criminologists often allude to 'peer influence' in explanations of crime and delinquency, but the meaning of that concept rarely receives careful attention. Companions in Crime organizes the extensive literature on peer influence and group delinquency into a coherent form for the first time. Chapters focus on the role of peers over the life course, the group nature of delinquent behavior, and the applicability of peer influence for explaining the major features of delinquent behavior. The most extensive chapter of the book examines possible mechanisms of peer influence and the evidence in favor of each. The principal thesis of Companions in Crime is that deviant behavior is predominantly social behavior, and criminologists must eventually determine the significance of that fact

The areas of personal genomics and citizen science draw on - and bring together - different cultures of producing and managing knowledge and meaning. They also cross local and global boundaries, are subjects and objects of transformation and mobility of research practices, evaluation and multi-stakeholder groups. Thirdly, they draw on logics of 'convergence': new links between, and new kinds of, stakeholders, spaces, knowledge, practices, challenges and opportunities. This themed collection of essays from nationally and internationally leading scholars and commentators advances and widens curr