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The article aims to analyze the medical and legal aspects of human equality. Discrimination in the medical field affects both medical personnel and patients. The authors have used the method of comparison of legal regulations of various states, the systematic method, which allowed to reconcile the approaches: medical and legal and the synergistic method as a method of development of a modern globalizing society. It has been found that the typical policy of agism includes the requirement to examine elderly physicians as to their competence or skills without objective and substantiated reasons. Everything leads to the conclusion that, discrimination of elderly patients manifests itself in treating them with less respect and courtesy and providing a worse level of services in medical institutions. Discrimination of gediatric patients is caused by their lack of legal opportunity to express their opinion on consent or voluntary refusal of treatment, including vaccinations.

Reflects on causes of migration of rural and indigenous peoples of Comitán and Las Margaritas to the North, focusing on colonization, struggle for land, expulsions of families and communities for their religious affiliation, and political and military conflicts. Summary in English.

The so called 2.0 Web is placed as a phenomenon impelled in good measure by the paradigm of the society of information and how a created term from a fundamentally marketing perspective. The set of services and applications of Web 2.0 is conceived as a heterogeneous group on which economic visions that form a part of the digital economy coexists with the focus that favors social aspects and group generation of knowledge. In this context, this article analyzes the resources of interactivity present in two emblematic places of web 2.0, You Tube and Wikipedia, in which he emphasizes the horizontality of the relationships between the users. Adapted from the source document.

Describes the political & social science seminars established in 1969 at the National Autonomous U of Mexico for graduate-level studies. Five seminars have been developed for graduates, postgraduates, & professors in public administration, communication, & other sociological fields to maintain high levels of methodology. Required lines of study, work structuring, & modes of information exchange are defined as integral parts of the seminars. The collective work aspect is what distinguishes the seminars from the rest of the university. The professor's role is crucial to establishing investigative rigor & cooperation. D. Bajo

Explores the role and impact of the Internet on politics; potential changes to the relationship between the state and society, and prospects for democracy and increased political participation; theoretical, North American perspective. Summary in English.

The purpose of the research was to redefine the concept of social relations from the point of view of its theoretical, administrative and civil aspects of legal regulation, considering, for this purpose, various scientific contributions. The main content is based on the meaning of the concepts of "public relations" and "social relations" as political and legal entities with different paradigmatic essence. The methodological basis of the research was constituted by the comparative-legal and systemic analysis, the formal-legal method, the method of interpretation, hermeneutics and the methods of analysis and synthesis. By way of conclusion the authors have established that the term "public relations" characterizes relations between people, which provide for the unconditional priority of the economy over other spheres of society (political, ideological, cultural), material and symbolic spaces where there is no place for a person with his values, rights and freedoms. At least, the latter do not acquire due regulatory support.

In this article the author realizes a comparative study of the combat strategies against the drug traffic in Colombia and Mexico. He presents in the first place, a general panorama of the main organizations of the drug traffic in both countries,(as the Plan Colombia and Plan Merida) to propose afterwards he adoption of anti-drug policies more balanced that keep in mind, besides police affairs, issues of public health, social aspects and controls in the commerce of chemical forerunners, at the same time trying to be more efficient, honest, transparent and responsible if they wish to avoid the bitter Colombian experience. Adapted from the source document.

El presente artículo resultado de investigación, expone las diversas realidades que atraviesan los canales comunitarios del Oriente Antioqueño (Colombia). Para presentar los resultados el texto relaciona tres momentos: primero, aspectos jurídicos que en Colombia rigen la Televisión Comunitaria, normativas que ha regido a la televisión pública en el país y sus incidencias en el desarrollo de la televisión comunitaria local; dos, se ahonda en la necesidad de entender los modos de organización como asociaciones económicas y sus acciones colectivas (Actividades en Red) como estrategias co-operativas para el trabajo y tres, plantea el papel de la televisión comunitaria como órgano de expresión de las comunidades de esta subregión golpeada por la violencia, la exclusión y la impuesta llegada del desarrollo.

This paper aims to discuss some aspects of the taxation system genesis and to present a brief highlight about the Bank of Brazil and the National Treasury's role in the Brazilian economic policy during the nineteenth century. We also discuss the main state and social aspects of Brazilian taxation: regressivity and fiscal privileges to the richer classes. Our goal is to indicate the conflictive nature of these institutions, as well as the distinct options that materialized in the Brazilian State formation first moments. We emphasize that the Brazilian economic formation was not unalterable and inevitable.

This discussion of J.M. Naredo's The Economic Roots of Ecological & Social Deterioration argues that the book integrates & articulates three important & inextricably linked lines of argumentation. The first concerns ecological issues, the second concerns orthodox economics, & the third concerns a panoramic revision of the major aspects of capitalism, with a special focus on finance. The book owes much of its richness to Naredo's methodology, which is evidence of the solidity of his understanding & erudition. The downside of this strength is that there are too many times when his approach leads to unwieldy digressions that obscure his major themes, making it difficult to follow the through-line of his argument. Despite this shortcoming, the book is still an important contribution to this field of study. R. Young

Mercado Común del Cono Sur (Mercosur). Examines the national and subregional positions and circles of influence of the participants in the economic integration process of the Southern Cone Common Market, and their relationship to the development of civil society in South America; since 1992, chiefly.

In this research, we set out to analyze, on the one hand, the promises of pluralism of four television channels in the months before the referendum of October 25th, 2020, in Chile, and on the other hand, how YouTube and Twitter audiences reacted to them. Through a mixed method of content analysis and qualitative analysis, we found that pluralism was not one of the most mentioned aspects by the public in these social media. When there were allusions to it, the assessment was negative. This article seeks to contribute to studies on pluralism not only in Chile but also at a more general level, focusing on a global phenomenon, such as the possibilities of participation that social media provide to audiences who consume journalistic content.

One of the main aspects to be taken into account in the planning and design of public policies is foresight, a key word that allows a projection of the present moment to various scenarios whose nature can be pessimistic or optimistic, given the characteristics of government policies whose management and duration can be projected in turn: short, medium or long term. The objective of this article is to describe how strategic thinking acts in the process of public policy management in scenarios of high social conflict. An exposition of the main terms that compose the problem is made in order to develop a descriptive analysis of it. The methodology of the study was of the exploratory-descriptive type in terms of its purposes, since it uses qualitative elements and criteria to measure and analyze the variables of the problem posed. Among the conclusions, the importance of the projection of scenarios when designing public policies of central interest for the State is highlighted, which is why these should be formulated from strategic planning, in which strategic thinking is projected as a guide in the decision-making process in scenarios of high conflict.