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Os desenvolvimentos teóricos recentes da Teoria Crítica têm passado ao largo da preocupação com a pesquisa social - seja pela pouca importância dada ao "teste" empírico das ideias teóricas, seja pela ausência de estímulo a novos projetos de pesquisa empírica no campo da Teoria Crítica. Essa tendência implica uma importante "mudança" teórica em relação ao antigo programa dialético da Teoria Crítica proposto por Max Horkheimer na década de 1930. O artigo ressalta algumas dificuldades atinentes à articulação produtiva entre teoria e pesquisa - com prejuízo, creio, para ambas, filosofia e ciências sociais.

The concept of Ontology has several outlines in the philosophical universe, whether in the analytical or continental tradition, but when we enter the Social Sciences field it is reduced basically to a phenomenological approach. This article aims to understand this phenomenological trait in the Social Sciences, in addition to pointing to other paths on the horizon, mainly using Graham Harman's Object-Oriented Ontology (OOO), as well as other authors of this contemporary tradition. Although famous in the philosophical field, it is still very unknown in Social Theory, which opens a new space for debates, questions, and many new articulations.

The objective of this article is to reflect the current conformation of Brazilian Social Security which permits the universalization of the same. Based on the protected and unprotected social concepts adopted by the National Council of Social Welfare (CNP), which reflects on the scope on social security to the socially unprotected. This is an exploratory study conducted by a normative framework of social security in Brazil. It is concluded that such concepts lead to an understanding of social protection where there is a complementary relation between the right to social security and social assistance without the possibily of universalization of this protection. The universalization requires not only inseparability and complementarity between the two polices – as well as the political, economic and social polices where work and the guarantee of social reproduction of individuals be taken as citizenships rights.

Eric Weil's modern society is characterized among other things by its conception of science. Both based on the principle of effective calculation, the understanding of its functioning and its limitations go together. Thus, analyzing modern society contemplates a discussion of the instance that functions as its self-consciousness: the conception of science that is its own, the social sciences, whose model is the science of nature. Modern science and society are understood within the scope of the Weil's category of condition. Here there is no appeal to an unconditioned principle. Therefore, the question of sense can not be made. However, it is not a question of renouncing the achievements of modern science. In Weil's view, however, it must be recognized that the question of sense can be properly made. This is because it must be put through philosophy. Our objective in the present paper is to discuss the relationship between modern society, modern science and sense. This is because if there is a science of an efficacius society there is also a science of sense: this is philosophy.

In consideration of the postures of Kuhn and his critics, we will turn our attention to reflect on the possibility of a normal science (in the kuhnian sense). The motivating question for the central problem of this text will be: Is there really a normal science in the sense proposed by Kuhn? We aim to offer an answer that will partially agree with the Kuhnian ideal of normal science.

Analisa a aplicabilidade e uso da etnografia como metodologia para explorar a pesquisa na área da Ciência da Informação. Como pesquisa teórica objetiva resgatar na literatura da área, o reconhecimento da etnografia como forma metodológica na construção científica, a partir de reflexões sobre este método de pesquisa no reconhecimento de valores subjetivos e permitir um olhar crítico sobre a pesquisa no campo da Ciência da Informação. Reconhece o valor desse método para o estudo de um contexto multicultural, entendendo a cultura da informação sob uma perspectiva emergente na área em estudo, cujo aprofundamento requer valores e instrumentos antropológicos coerentes com as diversas áreas interdisciplinares que compõe o campo científico da informação. A pesquisa explora a literatura, acolhendo dados para uma análise interpretativa do discurso de diversos autores, desta forma visa uma reflexão que priorize a representação qualitativa do conhecimento. Na conclusão apresenta as diversas evidências da importância da cultura, agregada implicitamente na construção de uma informação, e que conseqüentemente irá gerar um novo conhecimento, sendo assim, reforça o adequado uso da ferramenta etnográfica para melhor explorar a temática. Também apresenta recomendações de continuidade na perspectiva desse estudo sob diversas diretrizes, que poderão trazer contribuições significativas para esta área do conhecimento.

Objective: To evaluate the service offered to the elderly in primary care from the perspective of social
representations. Methods: Exploratory study conducted in a qualitative approach with seventy elderly treated in the
Family Health Strategy (FHS) Rangel II, in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. Data were collected from a semi-structured
interview. The data obtained were analyzed with the help of software Alceste and interpreted in theoretical social
representations. Results: The results indicate two classes or categories: a) dimensions socio-affective represented: bad
service, slow and white hair; b) experiences with the service: accept, good, doctor, medical service, well, aging,
experience and little. Conclusion: the elderly evaluate the service with negative content emphasized in the speeches:
failure to care of real needs of the elderly, the elderly distance service; little user interaction with the service and not
use the strategy of reception. The latter is now one of the most important tools to be used in Family Health Strategies.

The present essay examines the social situation of transvestites, and their identity as an excluded group. The examination takes into account gender, patriarchy, social exclusion, identity, difference and diversity, and uses transvestites' own reports of their social reality. Finally, on the basis of the experiences of the feminist movement, the article offers some considerations on the formation of transvestites' political conscience.