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'"Social medicine", a concept notably developed in Latin America by Salvador Allende in the 1930s, links up a broader model and ethos of public health with processes of social transformation. In recent years that influence has spread to Timor Leste, through a very large Cuban health cooperation and training program. This paper considers to what extent an endogenous "social medicine" might be developing in Timor Leste. Such a development would require transition away from the existing model based on small, private clinics. The paper accepts Guzmán's observation that Latin American social medicine is a wider, more dynamic and participatory model than that presented from European epidemiology – the 'social determinants' approach – but asserts that there are different forms of social medicine, conditioned by distinct histories and cultures. If earlier Chilean social medicine was a key element of that country's radical social democracy, and Cuban social medicine expressed revolutionary solidarity and internationalism, what might be the character of an East Timorese social medicine? This paper traces the idea of 'social medicine' from Chile, through Cuban solidarity aid, to the synthesis emerging in Timor Leste. This is an interpretive history, making use of past analyses, contemporary information on the Cuba-Timor Leste health program and the East Timorese responses. It includes a number of interviews and direct observations of pedagogy and practice. It concludes that a transition to social medicine in Timor Leste has some advantages: the large scale of the new training program; a sympathetic culture; and potential leadership. Less certain is the exact form of East Timorese social medicine. However the ideas seem set to be absorbed into a domestic culture of community solidarity, inclusive Christianity, and an independent spirit.

This item has been retyped from the original and pagination will differ from the original. ; I WAS asked to discuss the problems of Blood Grouping with reference to paternity, but I suggested a change of subject in order to avoid the impression that Forensic Medicine was the only common ground for the legal and the medical professions. There is much in common also in the problems of Social Medicine. The University has been, and is bound to remain. The intellectual leader of the country; with the restitution of Self Government its importance will increase ; many of our law givers will come out of it. It is therefore proper that students of law, as possible legislators of the future, should be acquainted with the problems of health with reference to social life. ; N/A

Intro -- Preface -- Leopard of Kilimanjaro -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Chapter 1: Why Social Medicine? -- 1.1 The Rise of Social Medicine -- 1.2 Human Being: Homo medicus -- 1.3 History of Drug -- 1.3.1 Ancient Times -- 1.3.2 The Greek and the Roman Period -- 1.3.2.1 The Greek Period -- 1.3.2.2 The Roman Period -- 1.3.3 The Middle Ages -- 1.3.3.1 History of Byzantine Medicine -- 1.3.3.2 History of Arab Medicine -- 1.3.3.3 History of Abbey Medicine -- 1.3.3.4 Salerno -- 1.3.3.5 The Emergence of Pharmacists and Drugstores -- 1.3.3.6 Renaissance and Medicine -- 1.3.3.7 The Discovery of the New Continent and New Medicine -- 1.3.3.8 Pharmacopoeia and Books on Pharmacology -- 1.3.3.9 Education at College of Pharmacy -- 1.3.3.10 Drugstores at Palaces -- 1.3.4 Modern Times -- 1.3.4.1 Pharmacology in the Nineteenth Century -- 1.3.4.2 Pharmacopoeia of the Nineteenth Century -- 1.3.4.3 Pharmaceutical Industry of the Nineteenth Century -- 1.3.5 Twentieth Century and Medicine -- 1.3.5.1 Serum and Immune Therapy -- 1.3.5.2 Endocrine and Hormone Products -- 1.3.5.3 Vitamin Products -- 1.3.5.4 Chemical Therapy Products -- 1.3.5.5 Antibiotics -- 1.3.5.6 Chemical Drugs -- References -- Chapter 2: What Is a Social Medicine? -- 2.1 The Concept of Social Medicine -- 2.1.1 The Remaining Margin -- 2.1.2 Natural Healing Power (NHP) -- 2.1.2.1 Natural Healing Strength (NHS) -- 2.1.2.2 Social Healing Strength (SHS) -- 2.1.3 Composition of Medicine -- 2.1.4 Characteristics of Social Medicine -- 2.1.4.1 The Principle of Free Markets -- 2.1.4.2 Safety and Misuse/Abuse -- 2.1.4.3 Freedom from Stigma -- 2.1.5 Effects of Social Medicine (SM) -- 2.2 Development of Social Medicine -- 2.2.1 Social Medicine from Daily Life -- 2.2.1.1 Lifestyle Habit-Based Social Medicine -- Health Diet -- Health Exercise -- 2.2.1.2 Health Stressor.

Oscar Feo Istúriz reviews Social Medicine and the Coming Transformation, an extensive work that explores the concept of collective health, from its early basis in classical Marxism to its contemporary implementation in Latin America (and lack thereof in the United States). This model of social medicine-collective health has the potential to not only replace the dysfunctional model of public health under capitalism, but open up new pathways toward profound social transformation.

What is social medicine? -- One and a half centuries of forgetting and remembering the social origins of illness -- The social determination of illness, part 1 : health and social contradictions -- The social determination of illness, part 2 : inequality, class, race/ethnicity, gender -- Social medicine in the United States -- Health and empire, part 1 : empire's historical health component -- Health and empire, part 2 : resisting empire, building an alternative future in medicine and public health -- Social medicine in Latin America -- Social medicine and the micro-politics of medical encounters -- Health praxis, reform, and sociomedical activism.

The conceptual and practical work done by social medicine and global health have often overlapped. In this paper, we argue that new efforts to apprehend 'the social' in social medicine offer important insights to global health along five lines of critical analysis: (1) reconfigurations of the state and new forms of political activism, (2) philanthrocapitalism and the economisation of life, (3) The economy of attention, (4) anthropogenic climate change, and (5) the geopolitics of North and South.