The paper analyses the process of the productive restructuring in course in the globalization context, giving priority to their social and political dimensions. It situates the transformations of the forms of work organization and management into history. It makes a reconstruction of the taylorism, the fordism and their crisis. It discusses different approaches, present in the actual literature, about the "japanese model" (toyotism) and its application in Brazil. (Rev Econ Polit/DÜI)
Even before the dramatic events of September 11, President Bush was deeply committed in the transformation of the key strategic concepts of previous administrations. The main strategic issues that punctuated his two mandates are thoroughly reviewed in this article. We argue that at the end of the Bush era there is a new overall strategic situation (in conceptual as well as geopolitical terms), on that will constitute the inescapable legacy which his successor will inherit. Adapted from the source document.
This article analyses the effects of recent transformations in the Brazilian banking system on the level and composition of employment in this sector. The authors indicate the measures taken by banks in order to adjust to low levels of inflation and their consequences for employment, the turnover, and the spatial distribution of personnel. They also discuss the changes in the employees' profile associated with the intensification of automation and changes in the management of the labor process. (Rev Econ Polit/DÜI)
Brazil lives a particular moment of political and economic stability, seldom seen in its history, resulting from a process initiated with the democratization of the country. This article analyses how Lula and the PT after gaining power implemented their agenda of economic and social transformation. It argues that the reflexes of these practices allowed foreign policy to, in several instances, compensate for the fragilities of the PT's strategy, serving as its ideological counterweight. Adapted from the source document.
This paper shows that the universal logic of capitalism can be identified within the singularity of agricultural change in Brazil during the initial period of industrialization, 1889-1930. The development of agriculture was marked by the process of gradual transformation of the largest estates (latifundia) into modern capitalist enterprises. As a result, the development of capitalist relations of production and the productive forces remained weak, while the majority of the population could not improve its poor living conditions
Between 1973 and 1974, the city of Natividade da Serra, state of São Paulo, was relocated in order to provide space to construct a hydroelectric dam for power generation. Based on the idea that the relationship between society and physical space acts to shape and influence the culture of a society, we conducted this study with the principal objective of analyzing the social impacts on the local community by highlighting the cultural transformations provoked by the restructuring of a space that was constructed over the period of a century. By conducting a qualitative analysis of data from the document repository of the City Hall and Parish of Our Lady of the Nativity (Nossa Senhora da Natividade), and from oral sources (descriptions collected through oral history), we elaborated a representative image of daily life in the city as it existed before the restructuring. This reconstruction started with the process of destruction and then proceeded to describe the reorganization of the community in the new space, as well as detailing perceptions of the city as a place that has passed through multiple historical experiences. By relating the data obtained from the written and oral sources to the historical context, we attempted to reveal the political, cultural, and ideological dimensions involved in this process of manipulation of inhabited space. We conclude that the innumerous implications caused by the abrupt transformation of this space has altered the customs and forms of sociability of the population. The analysis of the reasons and motivations for the disappearance of the city suggests that, even if only implicitly, this cultural transformation was desired by those who were in power in Brazil at that moment in time. ; Between 1973 and 1974, the city of Natividade da Serra, state of São Paulo, was relocated in order to provide space to construct a hydroelectric dam for power generation. Based on the idea that the relationship between society and physical space acts to shape and influence the culture of a society, we conducted this study with the principal objective of analyzing the social impacts on the local community by highlighting the cultural transformations provoked by the restructuring of a space that was constructed over the period of a century. By conducting a qualitative analysis of data from the document repository of the City Hall and Parish of Our Lady of the Nativity (Nossa Senhora da Natividade), and from oral sources (descriptions collected through oral history), we elaborated a representative image of daily life in the city as it existed before the restructuring. This reconstruction started with the process of destruction and then proceeded to describe the reorganization of the community in the new space, as well as detailing perceptions of the city as a place that has passed through multiple historical experiences. By relating the data obtained from the written and oral sources to the historical context, we attempted to reveal the political, cultural, and ideological dimensions involved in this process of manipulation of inhabited space. We conclude that the innumerous implications caused by the abrupt transformation of this space has altered the customs and forms of sociability of the population. The analysis of the reasons and motivations for the disappearance of the city suggests that, even if only implicitly, this cultural transformation was desired by those who were in power in Brazil at that moment in time. ; Entre os anos de 1973 e 1974, a cidade de Natividade da Serra, SP foi realocada para dar lugar a uma represa para servir a uma usina hidrelétrica. Com base na ideia de que a relação existente entre a sociedade e o espaço age na conformação da cultura, efetuamos um estudo de caso cujo objetivo principal foi analisar o impacto social deste processo sobre a comunidade local, enfatizando as transformações culturais provocadas pela reestruturação do espaço historicamente construído. Partindo de análise qualitativa dos dados encontrados nas fontes escritas (acervo documental do Executivo Municipal e da Paróquia Nossa Senhora da Natividade) e orais (relatos coletados através do método da história oral) pudemos elaborar um quadro representativo do cotidiano da antiga cidade, de seu processo de destruição e de reorganização da comunidade no novo espaço – bem como perceber a cidade como o lugar de construção das múltiplas experiências históricas. Ao relacionarmos os dados obtidos nas fontes às informações sobre o contexto histórico, procuramos desvendar as dimensões políticas, culturais e ideológicas envolvidas neste processo de manipulação do espaço habitado. Concluímos que as inúmeras implicações trazidas pela transformação abrupta do espaço alteraram os costumes e as formas de sociabilidade da população. A análise das razões e motivações para o desaparecimento da cidade sugeriu que, ainda que de forma implícita, esta transformação cultural era desejada por aqueles que detinham o poder no país.
The Portuguese Presidency did not make any effort towards leaving its footprint on the Eastern Front & thus the EU-India summit was neglected & become aside-show. On the long run this may have substantial costs for the European agenda & the EU strategy towards the great transformation that is taking place in Asia. Never the less there are many relevant instruments & mechanisms that can bolster EU-India relations & a relevant potential to develop bilateral relations between India & Portugal. Adapted from the source document.
The present article proposes an analysis concerning possible transformations of work based upon the concept of temporality. It considers the comprehension of the time category by the social sciences since the elaboration of the concept of social time to the construction of a dominant time. Considering the above mentioned aspects end temporality while a central aspect of the social structure, the article tries to understand that temporality while must be seen as a key element in the study of the changes of the work reality.
The aim of this article is to examine Brazil's position in Portuguese foreign policy preference, focusing on the principal directions of Portuguese foreign policy since April 25th, 1974. It focuses on government programs, official visits to Brazil, Portuguese investment in Brazil & the impact of Brazilian immigration on Portugal. Thus, in spite of the transformations required by Portugal's democratization, it will try to show that Portugal's relation with Brazil has subsisted even though there has been more emphasis on rhetoric & symbolism than consistent practice. Adapted from the source document.
Psychologist and teacher Andréa de Fátima Santos brings a discussion about the relationships between youth and life projects today. It develops the contemporary notion of youth and life projects, relying on theories of psychology and sociology, to relate the recent social transformations that mobilize youth projects. To illustrate the relations established, analyzes and discussions are presented based on a survey conducted with young people from a quilombola community. This reading is intended for professionals, researchers and readers who seek to understand contemporary youth, their social representations and relationships with life projects
The author discusses the progressive transformation of the cyberspace into one more battleground for international conflicts. The article begins with an analysis of the concept of cyber war, and a discussion about the difficulties of establishing a rigorous conceptualisation within the framework of the Law of Armed Conflict/International Humanitarian Law. Then, the capabilities and vulnerabilities of great powers are also object of analysis, and the complex role of non-state actors in cyber conflicts. The article ends with a discussion about the difficulty of assessing the economic impact of cyber attacks. Adapted from the source document.
This paper assesses the role Turkey is playing in the context of political upheavals in North Africa and the Middle East. It analyses the recent shift in Turkish foreign policy, with its 'zero problems' approach to neighbouring states, and discusses Turkey's role in mediating regional crises. The article also examines the extent to which the Turkish model can serve as an example to Arab countries now undergoing political transformation. While we highlight the country's democratic deficits, we conclude that, overall, the Turkish political experience can serve as a good example for the region. Adapted from the source document.
Cuba has undergone several transformations after the Cold War. The economy has become more diversified & the country has been able to overcome international isolation, & in so doing establish partnerships with China, the European Union & Latin America. In addition, the changes in the Cuban-American community have put younger activists who are more willing to enter into dialogue with the United States, on such matters for example as foreign trade. However, it is difficult for the negotiations to solve more controversial points because of the continued reluctance of Havana to liberalize the political regime. Adapted from the source document.
Taking as a starting point the Copenhagen School's theory of regional complexes, this article debates the immediate causes & consequences of the Turkish policy to the Israel-Palestine conflict, & the changes that occurred on the Turkish foreign policy for the Middle East since the AKP (Justice & Development Party) of Recep Tayyip Erdog?an was elected in 2002. Furthermore it will reflect on Turkey's behavior on what concerns the present Gaza crisis & on the causes & consequences of the potential transformation on the Turkish foreign policy for the Middle East. Adapted from the source document.
The end of the Cold War and the revolutionary transformation of international relations have provoked a pessimistic view about the destiny of the Third World, now called "South". The collapse of state socialism, however, does not necessarily determine a future of misfortunes to that group of countries, including Brazil. Some "South" countries will escape from an obscure destiny, but others will not, depending upon the competence of their elites and their political ability to implement a national development project. This article deals with the prospects for Brazil and Latin America after the Cold War
