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For an increasing number of vulnerable young people the basic goals of having a decently paid job and owning a home are becoming elusive. With no easy fix in sight, is job insecurity becoming the norm for many young Australians? This book presents the latest youth employment statistics and key report findings, and explores a range of government and social sector strategies aimed at tackling youth unemployment and underemployment. Also includes: worksheets and activities, fast facts, glossary, web links, index.

Youth unemployment has been on the rise since the beginning of the crisis in 2008. Even more troublesome is the dramatic rise in the number of youth not in employment, education or training, which has led to widespread concerns about the impact on social cohesion and fears of a 'lost generation'. Given the extreme differences in youth unemployment levels among member states, it is clear that no single labour market policy will be appropriate throughout the EU. There may, however, be opportunities for mutual learning on how to combat youth unemployment. This Forum explores youth unemployment in the EU via case studies of England, Belgium, Spain, Poland and Ireland. It also examines Germany's dual vocational training system as one potential solution.

The development of a youth unemployment problem in the People's Republic of China is traced through four separate stages between 1949 & 1985, with focus on the role of inappropriate government policies initiated during the Cultural Revolution & their consequences for middle-school graduates. Changes in the career attitudes & plans of the young in the 1980s are identified, & their attempts to take the initiative & form voluntary cooperatives based on the principle of self-employment are chronicled. Improvements brought about by recent changes in the employment structure of the industrial & tertiary sectors are discussed, & the role of the labor-service company in providing vocational training & job placement is described. Prospects for a continued reduction in youth unemployment during the latter part of the 1980s are examined. 5 Tables. K. Hyatt

This paper examines the degree of persistence of youth unemployment (total, male and female) in twenty-four countries by using two alternative measures: the AR coefficient and the fractional differencing parameter, based on short- and long-memory processes respectively. The evidence suggests that persistence is particularly high in Japan and some EU countries such as Spain, Portugal, Ireland and Finland, where appropriate policy actions are of the essence. Specifically, active labour market policies are necessary to prevent short-term unemployment from becoming structural (long-term).

This paper examines the degree of persistence of youth unemployment (total, male and female) in twenty-four countries by using two alternative measures: the AR coefficient and the fractional differencing parameter, based on short- and longmemory processes respectively. The evidence suggests that persistence is particularly high in Japan and some EU countries such as Spain, Portugal, Ireland and Finland, where appropriate policy actions are of the essence. Specifically, active labour market policies are necessary to prevent short-term unemployment from becoming structural (long-term).

Youth employment underwent major changes from 1949, when the PRC was founded, to 1985. These can be divided into four stages for discussion. (SJO)

Youth have always had higher unemployment rates - about twice or more than the average - as they are usually the last to be hired in an expansion and the first to be let go in a recession. In addition, young people engage in extensive job searching in their early years, and this can imply considerable job churning as both youth and employers look for a good match. This highlights the importance of facilitating the school-to-work transition and having early interventions to assist such youth b