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California's zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) market represents about half of the United States' ZEV market. California's success may be attributed primarily to the state's strong climate and air quality policies, the ZEV regulation, bold leadership by California governors and the Legislature, and dedicated funding for expanding ZEV infrastructure, consumer incentives and supporting policies. This paper summarizes the State's effective leadership, interagency coordination and stakeholder engagement in the development of its ZEV Action Plans. It also describes some ZEV Action Plan implementation successes and challenges, lessons learned that can inform other jurisdictions and suggests future ZEV Action Plan direction.

The building industry is responsible for approximately 40% of energy consumption and 36% of greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union (EU). The most efficient way of reducing a building&rsquo ; s environmental impact is addressing it in the design stage. Here, design freedom is the greatest, but uncertainty is high and there is a nearly limitless number of design options. Based on experiences with zero emission buildings (ZEB) and zero emission neighbourhoods (ZEN), a mapping review has been conducted to analyse how parametric life cycle assessment (LCA) and algorithms have been used to address neighbourhoods, buildings, and construction materials. Results have identified a general gap of knowledge regarding the use of parametric LCA models for decision-support purposes, demonstrated by the substantial focus on analytical methods compared to procedural methods. Implications for the evolution from ZEB to ZEN are twofold: (i) an integrated approach with multiple tools and methods is required, and (ii) further development of algorithms in the tool are needed to address complexity, sensitivity, and uncertainty. This study is expected to foster the development of algorithmic approaches to improve the ZEB tool as a decision-support tool. Further research should address the key questions of when and how.

The building industry is responsible for approximately 40% of energy consumption and 36% of greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union (EU). The most efficient way of reducing a building's environmental impact is addressing it in the design stage. Here, design freedom is the greatest, but uncertainty is high and there is a nearly limitless number of design options. Based on experiences with zero emission buildings (ZEB) and zero emission neighbourhoods (ZEN), a mapping review has been conducted to analyse how parametric life cycle assessment (LCA) and algorithms have been used to address neighbourhoods, buildings, and construction materials. Results have identified a general gap of knowledge regarding the use of parametric LCA models for decision-support purposes, demonstrated by the substantial focus on analytical methods compared to procedural methods. Implications for the evolution from ZEB to ZEN are twofold: (i) an integrated approach with multiple tools and methods is required, and (ii) further development of algorithms in the tool are needed to address complexity, sensitivity, and uncertainty. This study is expected to foster the development of algorithmic approaches to improve the ZEB tool as a decision-support tool. Further research should address the key questions of when and how. ; publishedVersion

Purpose – Reach awareness about the strategy of the aviation industry (manufacturers, airlines, organizations) when faced with restrictions from government. Internal emissions (corona virus) and external emissions (CO2, NOX, AIC) are the threats today. Approach – Industry published information during the corona pandemic as well as related to aviation and climate change is collected from the Internet and set against scientific evidence. Findings – Internal emissions: HEPA filters in aircraft do not produce cabin air "as clean as in a hospital operating theater". External emissions: The goal "zero emission" is proclaimed, but it becomes evident already now that measures are not sufficient and dates will not be met to come even close to set goals. Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) is very energy intensive. Non-CO2 effects from aircraft burning hydrogen in jet engines must not be ignored. SAF will only make aircraft climate neutral when about 3 times more CO2 is captured with Direct Air Capture (DAC) then emitted. This is necessary to account for the non-CO2 effects. Research limitations – The presentation is based on examples. Practical implications – The public gets ill informed. Therefore, it is important so set the record straight. In addition, the strategy used by the aviation industry is exposed. Social implications – The discussion opens up the topic beyond aviation expert circles. Originality – Not much comparable information is given by other authors. ; German Aerospace Congress 2021 (DLRK 2021), Online, 01 September 2021--- https://publikationen.dglr.de/?tx_dglrpublications_pi1[document_id]=550292

Purpose – Reach awareness about the strategy of the aviation industry (manufacturers, airlines, organizations) when faced with restrictions from government. Internal emissions (corona virus) and external emissions (CO2, NOX, AIC) are the threats today. --- Approach – Industry published information during the corona pandemic as well as related to aviation and climate change is collected from the Internet and set against scientific evidence. --- Findings – Internal emissions: HEPA filters in aircraft do not produce cabin air "as clean as in a hospital operating theater". External emissions: The goal "zero emission" is proclaimed, but it becomes evident already now that measures are not sufficient and dates will not be met to come even close to set goals. Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) is very energy intensive. Non-CO2 effects from aircraft burning hydrogen in jet engines must not be ignored. SAF will only make aircraft climate neutral when about 3 times more CO2 is captured with Direct Air Capture (DAC) then emitted. This is necessary to account for the non-CO2 effects. --- Research limitations – The presentation is based on examples. --- Practical implications – The public gets ill informed. Therefore, it is important so set the record straight. In addition, the strategy used by the aviation industry is exposed. --- Social implications – The discussion opens up the topic beyond aviation expert circles. --- Originality – Not much comparable information is given by other authors.