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Building on an increasingly sophisticated body of research on policy 'borrowing' in education, this collection explores ways in which the foreign example in education has been and is being used by policy makers in a variety of settings, its principal aim being to assess the usefulness of 'foreign' experience in 'home' contexts

Discusses whether contemporary feminism needs a concept of civil society. It is argued that feminism's pluralist nature is more appropriate for civil society than the family or state; in addition, feminism is more receptive toward social & political transformations. Voluntary associations offer women greater opportunities of political participation than states; moreover, civil society is preferred because the radical sociopolitical changes advocated by feminists are less suitable for conservative states. Nevertheless, several problems with civil society for women are identified: civil society tends to subordinate & exclude women; associations permit more intense discriminatory practices; & civil society is frequently cited to support criticism of the welfare system. Noting that some feminists also view the state as a facilitator of gender justice, it is claimed that feminism paradoxically promotes, yet reprimands, civil society. The need for the redistribution of traditional gender roles in the feminist conception of civil society is articulated. J. W. Parker

Examines the relationship between democracy and feminist theory. Pays particular attention to the implications of this relationship for arguments over group identities and group representation. In assessing the problems which still arise in democracies of group (male) exclusivity, suggests gender quotas as the best possible solution. (RSM)

CITIZENSHIP WILL ALWAYS BE SUBJECTED TO MUCH ACADEMIC DEBATE. THE AUTHOR ESCHEWS THE ACADEMIC AND PURSUES A MORE EARTHY, ALBEIT REFLECTIVE, TACK, ANALYSING THE SOIL WITHIN WHICH CITIZENSHIP CAN ROOT AND THRIVE. HE IS NECESSARILY SELECTIVE, PARTIAL AND PERSONAL. HE SUGGESTS THAT ANY ATTEMPT AT INCULCATING NOTIONS OF CITIZENSHIP IN YOUNG ADULTS IS SURELY CONDEMNED TO VACUOUSNESS UNLESS THE LEGAL SYSTEM ITSELF BROADLY EXEMPLIFIES ITS OWN IDEALS IN ITS TREATMENT OF THEM. HOWEVER, FAR FROM THIS STATE OF AFFAIRS EXISTING, IT IS IN RETREAT. HE ASKS HOW YOUNG ADULTS CAN BE EXPECTED TO DEVELOP AN AWARENESS OF CIVIC IDENTITY SUCH AS WAS VOUCHSAFED THEIR FOREFATHERS, AND CONTENDS THAT THERE IS A VERY WIDESPREAD INGNORANCE OF THE VERY BASICS OF LAW AND DEMOCRACY. HE CONCLUDES THAT AT ROOT, IN SPITE OF THE CHALLENGES, HE REMAINS AN OPTIMIST.