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The growth in the concept of sustainable development threw up a number of new economic, political, environmental and social dimensions at the end of the 1980s, hard on the heels of forecasts on the exhaustion of natural resources and climate change. European construction professionals had to integrate these new ideas into the way they designed and built. In this chapter, the idea is to analyse the concepts of this unusual notion using as a reference the perceptions, positions, thought patterns and know-how of the professionals directly concerned. The French case stands apart somewhat, in the sense that it reveals a particular type of actor (unlike the case of England where the approach seems less unified), referred to as the "Founders" of a movement whose starting point lies in the pioneering work of the ATEQUE workshop (workshop on the assessment of environmental quality in buildings, 1992).

The growth in the concept of sustainable development threw up a number of new economic, political, environmental and social dimensions at the end of the 1980s, hard on the heels of forecasts on the exhaustion of natural resources and climate change. European construction professionals had to integrate these new ideas into the way they designed and built. In this chapter, the idea is to analyse the concepts of this unusual notion using as a reference the perceptions, positions, thought patterns and know-how of the professionals directly concerned. The French case stands apart somewhat, in the sense that it reveals a particular type of actor (unlike the case of England where the approach seems less unified), referred to as the "Founders" of a movement whose starting point lies in the pioneering work of the ATEQUE workshop (workshop on the assessment of environmental quality in buildings, 1992).

The growth in the concept of sustainable development threw up a number of new economic, political, environmental and social dimensions at the end of the 1980s, hard on the heels of forecasts on the exhaustion of natural resources and climate change. European construction professionals had to integrate these new ideas into the way they designed and built. In this chapter, the idea is to analyse the concepts of this unusual notion using as a reference the perceptions, positions, thought patterns and know-how of the professionals directly concerned. The French case stands apart somewhat, in the sense that it reveals a particular type of actor (unlike the case of England where the approach seems less unified), referred to as the "Founders" of a movement whose starting point lies in the pioneering work of the ATEQUE workshop (workshop on the assessment of environmental quality in buildings, 1992).

Résumé La promesse du candidat François Hollande d'ouvrir le mariage et l'adoption aux couples de même sexe était facile à tenir : associée au Parti socialiste aux yeux des électeurs, neutre d'un point de vue budgétaire, la mesure était aisée à faire adopter par une large majorité parlementaire. Mais le choix du pouvoir exécutif de privilégier le débat ouvert sur une réforme au périmètre flou a conduit à réactiver un conflit social profond et à redonner un certain souffle à l'opposition. Cet article s'intéresse donc aux frontières mouvantes de la capacité à tenir une promesse et aux conséquences du respect des promesses sur le champ politique.