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We examine how an unassuming domestic technology -- the fuel-efficient stove -- came to be construed as an effective tool for reducing sexual violence globally. Highlighting the process of problematization, the linking of problems with actionable solutions, we show how US-based humanitarian advocacy organizations drew upon spatial, gender, perpetrator, racial, and interventionist representations to advance the notion that 'stoves reduce rape' in Darfur. Though their effectiveness in Darfur remains questionable, efficient stoves were consequently adopted as a universal technical panacea for sexual violence in any conflict or refugee camp context. By examining the emergence and global diffusion of the rape-stove problematization, our study documents an important example of the technologizing of humanitarian space. We postulate fuel-efficient stoves to be a technology of Othering able to simplify, combine, decontextualize, and transform problematizations from their originating contexts elsewhere. When humanitarian advocates construe immensely complex crises as 'manageable problems,' the promotion of simple technical panaceas may inadvertently increase the burden of poverty for user-beneficiaries and silence the voices of those they claim to champion and serve. Adapted from the source document.

Intro -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- 1. 'Why I Am Proud to Be a Hindu' -- 2. A March Deal, an August Declaration -- 3. The Test of Strength -- 4. A Gandhi Swerve: Separation, Not Sovereignty -- 5. The Heart of Change -- 6. Nehru's Historic Blunder -- 7. Cities of the Dead -- 8. Last Chukka in India -- 9. The Ides of August -- Notes -- Index.

The determination of Pancasila as the basis of the state is fundamental to the state. Because the basis of the state can be positioned as a reference for the compilation of a constitution. Since being positioned as the basis of the state, its position has been shaken due to the feud between Islamic intellectuals in responding to problems with the form and system of government in Indonesia. In fact, for a country, building the foundation of the state or the basis of state philosophy (philosofische grondslog) is a fundamental thing. In these three disputes, there are paradigm patterns, namely the fundamentalist paradigm (intending to implement Islamic law as an Islamic state), the reform paradigm (only inserting substantial religious values into the government system), and the accommodationist paradigm (cooperative with existing governments). These three paradigms have always adorned the zones of Islamic political thought in Indonesia. This paper aims to produce Islamic thinkers who accept the position of Pancasila with the nationalist Sufi initials. Because a Sufi is a Muslim who is more deeply Islamic. Through the exploration of the verses of the Al-Qur'an on humanity and unity, the writer finds this nationalist Sufi portrait as a human being who deserves to be the caliph of Allah Ta'ala on earth.Keywords: Al-Qur'an, Sufi, Nationalist, Humanity, Pancasila

AbstractThis paper presents the GPDS (Getting Started, Planning, Design, and Sustainability) Planning Framework for Social Marketing. A qualitative research design was employed. Data were collected from social marketing experts using the Delphi method and analyzed using the thematic analysis approach. The proposed framework includes key strengths of existing Social Marketing Planning (SMP) approaches. It also embeds emerging social marketing principles in the planning process, such as 'Continuous Consumer Research and Feedback Loop' (embracing key aspects of monitoring and evaluation) and 'Expert Consultation' to overcome the lack of clarity on the interdisciplinary language used in the field. Importantly, the critical aspect of 'Sustainability' in the changed behavior is incorporated, aligning with the global consensus definition of social marketing and the United Nations' (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) focus on sustainable outcomes. Both theory and practice have been applied to the development and verification process of the proposed framework. The framework has consensus from 23 social marketing experts worldwide, drawing on current best practices and experts' opinions/experience in the field. The GPDS Planning Framework for Social Marketing offers a comprehensive list of sources in the accompanying toolkit, including various activities for insight, design, implementation, and evaluation. This enables practitioners to prepare, plan and deliver social marketing programs to sustain behavioral outcomes. This research informs those working in social marketing, social policy, behavioral insight/design, public health, health communication, and service-user experience. These disciplines deploy social marketing practices in the design and delivery of interventions.