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The article explores the notion of understanding governance as part of conflict management, or vice versa, of undustanding conflict management aspects as benefiting from governance concepts and practices. Governance, with its much broader meaning than government, suggests diverse relevant and significant clues, hints and ideas in the context of conflict management endeavors. one of which is the idea to involve larger audiences and stakeholders –beyond the conventional institutions such as governmental bodies– in policy making processes and public discourses. Such comprehension and appreciation of governance concepts and practices is certainly parallel with the conflict management philosophies, concepis and practices which based on and oriented toward integrative, non-formal and non-litigative mechanisms.

Trends in contemporary international polities in the post-cold war era should be observed and learned in the following phenomena: urupolansm of military and political forces under US hegemony, and mulupolansm in international economic forces. The relatively novel sacra-cultural values of the so-called 'pragmatr-sm ' and 'economism' are proliferating in response to and alongside with the most recent development of world capitalism. At the same time, actors in the international arena multiplies as the need to solve and manage various problems and issues crosses over the mandate and legitimacy of the state — long considered as the dominant actor in international politics.Agenda to be developed by nations should as well examine and look at carefully issues and problems generated by those aforementioned trends at the international arena. This is to underline the need to not overemphasizing high profile' foreign policies, while at the same time neglecting the so-called kw-politics' issues. Developing nations in parricularare among the first group to be concerned with as they mostly do not have adequate space to play with in -what Dudley Seers called as— their `morn to ma.noezi we'. That is the mom to being independent in taking steps, formulating policies, and maneuvering in (or resisting against) the globalized market forces

The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted a review of global citizenship and education to tackle global injustices. This study investigates the impact of school education and the national curriculums on students' attitudes towards global citizenship and examines the features of critical global citizenship among Indonesian and Japanese students. According to a questionnaire survey, students in both countries had high levels of altruism, empathy and non-violent aspirations of the collective and low levels of fairness of rewards and non-violent aspirations of the personal. Indonesian students had a higher sense of personal and national responsibility; however, they did not recognize the structural violence of poverty. Japanese students recognized poverty as structural violence; however, they were uninformed about global human rights and lacked a sense of personal responsibility in global issues. Online international education and curricula should be improved to enable students to understand global issues and adopt a sense of responsibility towards them.