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"This book offers many perspectives on the institutional, economic and social impacts of globalization and the result of the liberalization processes in the world, specifically evaluating the economic affects on institutions, cultures, social life and national and international politics"--

Poverty reduction is one of the key challenges in the globalized world. This study investigates the relationship between financial development and poverty reduction in emerging market economies during the period 1993- 2012. The Carri?n-i-Silvestre, del Barrio-Castro, and L?pez-Bazo (2005) panel unit root test and the Basher and Westerlund (2009) cointegration test was applied considering the cross-sectional dependence and multiple structural breaks in the study period. The findings indicated that financial development, including banking sector development and stock market development, had a significant positive impact on poverty reduction in emerging market economies.

Son zamanlarda dünyada enerji talebinin artması, buna karşın enerji rezervlerinin azalması, enerji kaynaklarının olduğu Orta Doğu, Afrika ve Güney Amerika bölgelerinde siyasi ve ekonomik istikrarsızlıklar yaşanması beraberinde enerji fiyatlarında hızlı yükselişlere neden olmuştur. Bu gelişmeler 1990 sonrasında çözülen, daha sonra ağır ekonomik krize giren enerji zengini Rusya'nın yeniden dirilmesine ve küresel güç olmasına neden olmuştur. ; Recently increasing energy demand in the world, but decreasing energy reserves, political and economical instabilities in Middle East, Africa and South America which have major energy reserves caused abrupt increases in energy prices. These developments caused Russia to survive and be a global power again after dissolution of Soviet Union and heavy economics crises. In this paper firstly energy, energy policies and role of energy in international relations were described briefly, and then Russian energy reserves and energy pipelines and future projects were examined, advantages/disadvantages were tried to be determined. It was seen that Russia took advantage of energy in favor of its interests in international relations and also that used energy as diplomacy instrument. However it was forecasted that the struggles of US and EU which were aimed to reach Central Asia and the Caucasus by by-passing Russia and Russian policies against these struggles could lead turbulences in the world in near future.

The globalization phenomenon has gained speed in various aspects especially since mid-1980s, this process in turn partially contributed to democratization of the many countries. This study researches the effect of democratization on economic growth in emerging markets over 2002-2015 period with panel cointegration test of Westerlund-Durbin-Hausman (2008) and panel causality test of Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012). The results revealed a cointegrating relationship between economic growth and democratization, but the interaction between democratization and growth varies from country to country. However, no causality relationships were found between democratization and economic growth in the short run. ; Özellikle 1980›li yılların ortalarından itibaren küreselleşme olgusu çeşitli yönlerden hız kazanmış ve bu süreç birçok ülkenin demokratikleşmesine kısmen katkıda bulunmuştur. Bu çalışma Westerlund-Durbin-Hausman (2008) panel eşbütünleşme testi ile Dumitrescu ve Hurlin (2012) panel nedensellik testini kullanarak 2002-2015 döneminde yükselen piyasa ekonomilerinde, demok-ratikleşmenin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisini araştırmakta-dır. Çalışma sonucunda ekonomik büyüme ile demokratikleşme arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiş, ancak de-mokratikleşme ile büyüme arasındaki etkileşimin ülkeden ülkeye farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, kısa dönemde demokratikleşme ile ekonomik büyüme arasında bir nedensellik ilişkisi olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.

WOS: 000504488500006 ; Globalization gained speed as of 1980s and, in turn, considerable increases in transnational goods, services, and capital flows have been seen. In this context, developing and emerging economies have attracted a significant amount of foreign direct investments and also foreign borrowing has become an important financing source, especially for developing or underdeveloped countries with insufficient savings for investments. The rapidly rising foreign borrowing and foreign direct investments have led scholars and policy- makers to question the economic, institutional, and social effects of foreign borrowing and foreign direct investments. Furthermore, the iron curtain simultaneously collapsed as of the late 1980s together with the accelerating globalization and the member states of the Eastern Bloc have transited from command economy to market economy. The same EU countries in the Eastern Bloc also tend towards EU and have consequently followed the policies to integrate in the EU. Both globalization and EU negotiations caused these countries to take a significant amount of foreign borrowing and foreign direct investments. The study analyses the influence of foreign borrowing and foreign direct investment inflows on economic growth in European Union transition economies for the period of 2004-2016 through panel data analysis. The co-integration and causality analyses revealed that the influence of foreign borrowing and foreign direct investment inflows varied from country to country in EU transition economies.

The presence of the shadow economy differs considerably among the countries. Therefore, determination of factors behind the differences in the size of cross-country shadow economy becomes more of an issue for designing and implementing the right policies to combat the shadow economy. This study investigates the influence of economic freedom and globalization on the size of the shadow economy in the European Union transition economies employing panel data analysis for the period of 2000–2015. The empirical analysis indicates that economic freedom reduces the size of the shadow economy in the long term in the overall panel, but globalization also has a relatively smaller detractive effsect on the shadow economy in some countries.

WOS: 000505090800011 ; The presence of the shadow economy differs considerably among the countries. Therefore, determination of factors behind the differences in the size of cross-country shadow economy becomes more of an issue for designing and implementing the right policies to combat the shadow economy. This study investigates the influence of economic freedom and globalization on the size of the shadow economy in the European Union transition economies employing panel data analysis for the period of 2000-2015. The empirical analysis indicates that economic freedom reduces the size of the shadow economy in the long term in the overall panel, but globalization also has a relatively smaller detractive effect on the shadow economy in some countries.

WOS: 000436496800022 ; Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows have increased considerably in the globalized world as of the mid-1980s. The main objective of this research is to analyze interactions between FDI inflows and financial sector development in Central and Eastern European Union countries between 1996 and 2015 with panel data analysis. Our findings reveal that there is no cointegrating relationship among FDI inflows, investments of foreign portfolio, and the development of financial sectors, but there is a one-way causality from development of financial sectors to FDI inflows over the short run.

Business architecture and transformation projects : enterprise holistic security risk management (ESRM) / Antoine Trad -- Evaluation of the development level of provinces in Turkey and incentives for research and development / Ahmet Tekin, Esra Dogan -- Assessing climate change and predicting its effect on efficiency and heat rate of thermal power plants in 2050 / Nima Norouzi -- Secure smart grid management maturity within big data / Zühre Aydin Yenioglu, Vildan Ates -- The transformation framework : the role of artificial intelligence for military strategies (RAI4MS) / Antoine Trad -- Effects of environmental corporate social responsibility practices on environmental sustainability : a study on industrial companies in Turkey / Bekir Degirmenci.

Corruption and shadow economy are two critical problems which feed each other and pose an obstacle against the economic development of countries, especially those with weak fundamentals. Central and Eastern European countries have experienced an absolute political and economic transformation after the downfall of the Berlin Wall. This study researches the effect of corruption and rule of law on shadow economy in 11 transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe over the 2003–2015 term with panel cointegration and causality tests considering heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence. The cointegration coefficients revealed a complementary interplay between size of shadow economy and corruption. Furthermore, the causality analysis indicated that there was a bilateral causality between control of corruption and shadow economy in all the cross-section units. However, there was a two-way causality between rule of law and shadow economy only in Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Poland and Romania. Furthermore, there was one-way causality from rule of law to shadow economy in Croatia, Estonia, Hungary, Slovakia and Slovenia. © 2018, © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.