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BackgroundPractices to facilitate self‐determination have not received appropriate attention in research concerning parents with intellectual disabilities (ID). Likewise, parenting interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities have seldom observed both parent and child behavioural outcomes.MethodsThis study evaluated the effectiveness of a parenting intervention embedded with self‐determination facilitation practices for two dyads of a parent with intellectual disabilities and their young child. The interventions focused on increasing parents' ability to correctly implement steps of a parenting routine while reducing occurrence of challenging child behaviour.ResultsThe results of the study demonstrated two basic effects of correctly completed steps of the parenting routine and a reduction of challenging child behaviour. Parents also reported decreased feelings of stress during the routine following completion of the intervention.ConclusionsImplications for future research and replication of this pilot study are discussed.

"Bookended by remarks from two African American diplomats, Walter C. Carrington and Charles Stith, this volume incorporates the perspectives of scholars and practitioners of U.S. foreign policy on questions of race and foreign relations. Contributors begin with the late 1800s, examining both the roles of formally appointed African American diplomats and the broader early roles of African American religious, military, and educational institutions in foreign policy. Together, the essays confront several tensions within the field, including the paradox of loyalty, or why African Americans would profess loyalty and support the diplomatic initiatives of a nation which persisted in undermining their social, political, and economic well being through racist policies and cultural practices. Most essays depend on close readings of primary source materials including speeches, letters, historical archives, diaries, and memoirs of policymakers and newly available FBI files. Other essays address the less formal but no less influential roles of African American cultural ambassadors, such as Joe Louis, Louis Armstrong, and hip hop artists. The volume concludes with analysis of the effects on race and foreign policy of President Barack Obama, who was both a beacon of hope and a disappointment to observers of U.S. foreign policy both stateside and abroad"--

"Bookended by remarks from African American diplomats Walter C. Carrington and Charles Stith, the essays in this volume use close readings of speeches, letters, historical archives, diaries, and memoirs of policymakers and newly available FBI files to confront much-neglected questions related to race and foreign relations in the United States. Why, for instance, did African Americans profess loyalty and support for the diplomatic initiatives of a nation that undermined their social, political, and economic well-being through racist policies and cultural practices? Other contributions explore African Americans' history in the diplomatic and consular services and the influential roles of cultural ambassadors like Joe Louis and Louis Armstrong. The volume concludes with an analysis of the effects on race and foreign policy in the administration of Barack Obama. Groundbreaking and critical, African Americans in U.S. Foreign Policy expands on the scope and themes of recent collections to offer the most up-to-date scholarship to students in a range of disciplines, including U.S. and African American history, Africana studies, political science, and American studies"--

These transfers of sovereignty resulted in extensive, unforeseen movements of citizens and subjects to their former countries. The phenomenon of postcolonial migration affected not only European nations, but also the United States, Japan and post-Soviet Russia. The political and societal reactions to the unexpected and often unwelcome migrants was significant to postcolonial migrants' identity politics and how these influenced metropolitan debates about citizenship, national identity and colonial history. The contributors explore the historical background and contemporary significance of these migrations and discuss the ethnic and class composition and the patterns of integration of the migrant population

Intro -- Cover Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Foreword -- Notes -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction: The Empire Strikes Back -- The Decline of the British Empire -- Conceptualizing "Black Europeans" and "Black Europe" -- Class, Inequality, and the State -- Gender Ideologies and the Experiences of Black Women -- (Dubious!) Comparisons with the United States -- Establishing Our Priorities -- The Structure of the Book -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Section 1. Historical Dimensions of Blackness in Europe -- 1. The Emergence of Afro-Europe: A Preliminary Sketch -- Transition from Africans in Europe to Afro-Europe -- The Challenges and Responses -- The Question of Identity and Future Prospects -- Notes -- 2. Blacks in Early Modern Europe: New Research from the Netherlands -- African-European Encounters: The Repetition of Surprise -- African Men, Women, and Children in Middelburg in 1596 -- "All Baptized Christians" -- Exhibition Day in Middelburg -- Most Likely from Angola -- What Became of Them? -- No Traces in the Archives -- Shipowner Pieter van der Haegen and Captain Melchior van den Kerckhoven -- Carte Blanche: Obtaining Permission from the National Government -- Slavery: Not Here in Europe -- Keeping Slavery an Ocean Away -- Temporary Stay -- Africans in Amsterdam: Rembrandt's View -- Notes -- 3. Now You See It, Now You Don't: Josephine Baker's Films of the 1930s and the Problem of Color -- Notes -- References -- 4. Pictures of "US"? Blackness, Diaspora, and the Afro-German Subject -- Diasporic Vision: Visualizing Black Europe and the Indexicality of Race -- Family Matters: Race, Gender, and Belonging in Black German Photography -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 5. The Conundrum of Geography, Europe d'outre mer, and Transcontinental Diasporic Identity -- Anxious Identities and Black European Diasporic Subjectivity.