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Este trabalho pretende analisar o processo de fundação de Bracara Augusta relacionado com a estruturação do espaço urbano e com a reorganização do território rural, usando para o efeito o vasto acervo de dados fornecidos pela arqueologia das últimas décadas. Para além da análise do contexto pré-romano, serão analisados os dados disponíveis sobre a malha urbana fundacional, bem como aqueles que se articulam com a reorganização do povoamento no território envolvente da cidade. Pretende-se igualmente refletir sobre o papel desempenhado por Bracara Augusta na evolução das comunidades indígenas da região bracarense, decorrente da sua integração no Império e da reorganização da Hispânia empreendida por Augusto. ; This paper aims to discuss the process of foundation of Bracara Augusta related to the structuring of the urban space and the reorganization of the countryside using the vast amount of data provided by archaeology in the last decades. Beyond the analysis of the preRoman context the data available on the foundational urban grid as well as the one articulated with the changes in the settlement patterns in the surrounding territory of the city will be analysed. It is also intended to reflect on the role played by Bracara Augusta in the evolution of the indigenous communities of Braga region after its integration into the Empire and the reorganization of Hispania undertaken by Augustus.

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em História Medieval ; The present study addresses the practice of astrology and its cultural repercussions in the 14th and 15th centuries' Portuguese court. The research is based in the comparative study of three sets of sources: 1) the astrology books from the royal libraries, which reveal the dominant concepts of astrology; 2) the writings of kings João I and Duarte, and prince Pedro, as examples of the practical application of these concepts; 3) the royal chronicles of Fernão Lopes, Gomes Eanes de Zurara and Rui de Pina, as examples of its presence in political discourse. The astrological references occur in three main contexts: the validation of power, the explanation of manners and the debate about determinism-versus-free will. The latter stands as the main fracturing topic in medieval astrology. In any case, the validity of astrology by itself was never in question; the debate revolved only around its limits and its legitimacy in face of Christian faith. Astrology was seen as a sophisticated art, practiced by learned men. Its foundation was the scientific understanding of the natural laws and its practitioners tried to demarcate themselves from common divination and superstition. Due to its pervasiveness in this period, it can be concluded that astrology is an essential factor for the understanding of Portuguese medieval life. The study of the astrological practice, from the perspective of the History of Culture and Mentalities, offers new insights to the understanding of the medieval period.

One of the objectives of this article is to understand to what extent precarious employment is disseminated in European Union (EU) countries and to analyse if it is a conjuncture phenomenon or if it represents a structural reconfiguration of the labour markets. This analysis was carried
out by comparing three generations in different periods of time. We used statistical information about precarious employment and comparisons within and between EU countries (Eurostat 1985; 1995; 2005) over the past 20 years, using a multidimensional method: principal components analysis for
categorical data. We concluded that the labour markets in Europe are showing a structural change in the direction of defining a new salary relation, which we have termed neo-competitive. All the countries are moving towards a greater liberalisation of the employment relationship, through easier
dismissal processes, or by the expansion of precarious employment or a combination of both.

O presente trabalho consiste em uma análise em relação ao transfeminismo brasileiro levando em consideração a diferença de classe entre as mulheres trans e travestis traçando também uma comparação em relação aos outros segmentos feministas e uma crítica às produções de conhecimentos em diferentes áreas das ciências humanas e da saúde em relação à transexualidade. O objetivo do trabalho foi de mapear e discutir o que a literatura tem publicado acerca do tema. A partir das leituras, foi realizada análise de conteúdo para o enriquecimento do trabalho exploratório do material que nos proporcionou três eixos para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho: o transfeminismo e suas pautas e agendas, a produção cientifica acerca das mulheres transexuais e travestis e o recorte de classe. O transfeminismo ainda é um segmento recente que possui seus espaços de discussão limitados. Notamos que as pautas levantadas e discutidas atualmente pelo transfeminismo são de extrema importância para a população trans e para o enriquecimento das discussões dentro dos movimentos feministas. Porém, muitas pautas se encontram fora da realidade social de grande parte dessa população, que se mantêm a margem com pouco ou sem espaço de discussão ou de luta por seus direitos.

Abstract
The aim of this article was to develop and validate a scale to measure the complexity of social intervention with adults in hospital care settings. Two separate studies were conducted (N1 = 224 and N2 = 224). Study 1 was focused on the development of the Social Work Intervention Complexity (SWIC) scale and on its dimensionality. The exploratory factorial analysis was conducted to identify its factor structure, and reliability was assessed. Study 2 examined the construct validity of the scale and tested its robustness in the two samples with an invariance test. Single-group and multi-group confirmatory factor analyses were used. The results confirmed a three-factor structure and convergent validity, and discriminant validity was guaranteed. The invariance of the measuring instrument across the two groups was also proved. The practical implications arising from the validation of the SWIC scale are also a distinctive feature of this work. The application can be implemented to monitor the complexity of social intervention with adults in hospital care settings. In the future, different hospitals could integrate the application of the SWIC scale into their protocol since the social worker's professional practice must be combined with scientific rigor and the quality of social intervention.