We Are Paying for Our Carelessness
In: International Affairs, Volume 66, Issue 4, p. 1-7
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In: International Affairs, Volume 66, Issue 4, p. 1-7
У 20х рр. минулого століття спостерігалося намагання різних верств українського суспільства повернути церковній організації національні ознаки. Взаємовідносини радянської держави і Православної церкви викликали й викликають неабиякий інтерес як у вітчизняних, так і зарубіжних дослідників. Останнім часом помітно зріс інтерес науковців до проблеми державноцерковних відносин в Україні. Тому виникла необхідність дослідити радянське законодавство в перші десятиліття перебування більшовиків при владі, яке безпосередньо стосувалося та впливало на державноцерковні відносини в Україні.Одним із найважливіших знарядь більшовицької держави, за допомогою якого вона мала намір здійснити революційні перетворення у сфері державноцерковних відносин, було радянське право. Перші законодавчі акти радянської влади підірвали соціальну та економічну базу Церкви. Радянським законодавством оголошувалося про відокремлення церкви від держави і визначалися конкретні заходи для втілення цього законодавства в життя. Для радянської держави всі засоби відокремлення стали надзвичайно важливим етапом у справі усунення Церкви зі сфери економічного і політичного життя суспільства.Сформоване радянською владою законодавство по відокремленню церкви від держави було спрямоване на формування досить широкого кола правовідносин, визначало різноманітний об'єктивний склад цих правовідносин, різні превентивні, регулятивні, охоронні заходи та різні способи правового регулювання. ; У 20х рр. минулого століття спостерігалося намагання різних верств українського суспільства повернути церковній організації національні ознаки. Взаємовідносини радянської держави і Православної церкви викликали й викликають неабиякий інтерес як у вітчизняних, так і зарубіжних дослідників. Останнім часом помітно зріс інтерес науковців до проблеми державноцерковних відносин в Україні. Тому виникла необхідність дослідити радянське законодавство в перші десятиліття перебування більшовиків при владі, яке безпосередньо стосувалося та впливало на державноцерковні відносини в Україні.Одним із найважливіших знарядь більшовицької держави, за допомогою якого вона мала намір здійснити революційні перетворення у сфері державноцерковних відносин, було радянське право. Перші законодавчі акти радянської влади підірвали соціальну та економічну базу Церкви. Радянським законодавством оголошувалося про відокремлення церкви від держави і визначалися конкретні заходи для втілення цього законодавства в життя. Для радянської держави всі засоби відокремлення стали надзвичайно важливим етапом у справі усунення Церкви зі сфери економічного і політичного життя суспільства.Сформоване радянською владою законодавство по відокремленню церкви від держави було спрямоване на формування досить широкого кола правовідносин, визначало різноманітний об'єктивний склад цих правовідносин, різні превентивні, регулятивні, охоронні заходи та різні способи правового регулювання. ; In the 20s of the last century there were attempts of various strata of Ukrainian society in returning of national signs to the Church organization. The relationship between the Soviet state and the Orthodox Church has caused a great interest among both national and foreign researchers. In these latter days considerably increased the interest of scientists to the problem of Churchstate relations in Ukraine. Therefore there was a need to explore the Soviet legislation in the first decades of the Bolsheviks stay in power, which is directly concerned and affected the stateChurch relations in Ukraine.One of the most important tools of the Bolshevik state was Soviet law which had intended to carry out a revolution in the sphere of stateChurch relations. The first legislative acts of the Soviet power blew up the social and economic base of the Church. Soviet law was declared on the separation of Church from state and defined specific measures to implement this legislation in life.For the Soviet state all tools of the separation became an important stage in removing the Church from the sphere of economic and political life of the society.Formed by the Soviet regime legislation on separation of Church and state was aimed at the formation of a rather wide range of legal relationships, defined variety objective of these legal relations, various preventive, regulatory, enforcement activities and the different methods of legal regulation.
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The article analyzes the characteristics of implementing the staff policy in the All-Union Association «Torgsin» system and its Ukrainian branches. The article aims to study the measures taken by the state authorities of the Soviet government to form the numerical composition of the Torgsin network and take measures to improve its quality. The research is based on extensive use of various historical sources on this particular issue and holistic and systematic approaches to revealing the distribution and functioning of the Torgsin system in the UkrSSR in the early 1930s. The article proves that an essential factor in developing the system of the All-Union Association «Torgsin» and its spread to the territory of the UkrSSR became the establishment of an effective trade network and human resourcing. After creating the «Torgsin» system in Moscow, they established its administration, which expanded its activities to other Soviet republics. It is important to note that Soviet Republics were appointed the All-Union Association representatives with limited functions. The subordination of their offices to these commissioners was nominal. Ukraine was the second, after the RSFSR, Soviet republic to have a well-developed Torgsin network. The article shows that the peak of its activities occurred during the famine of 1932 – 1933. It clarifies that the organization of the All-Ukrainian agency «Torgsin» and its regional branches directly depended on the position of the All-Union Association «Torgsin» in Moscow. The main criterion in the formation of the Torgsin system's personnel policy was party affiliation, and Jews dominated the ethnic composition. The regular purges of the «Torgsin» apparatus by the bodies of the Joint Political Directorate of the USSR from «socially alien» elements «caused staff shortage,» which they tried to overcome with a system of incentives. ; У статті аналізуються особливості здійснення кадрової політики у системі Всесоюзного об'єднання «Торгзін» та його українських філій. Метою статті визначено дослідження заходів державних органів радянської влади щодо формування чисельного складу мережі «Торгзіну» та заходів з його якісного покращення. Наукове дослідження побудоване на основі комплексного застосування широкого спектру історичних джерел із означеної проблеми, а також цілісному і системному підходах для розкриття особливостей поширення та функціонування системи «Торгзін» в УСРР першої половини 1930-х рр. Доведено, що важливим фактором у розвитку системи Всесоюзного об'єднання «Торгзін» та її поширенні на територію УСРР стало формування дієвої торговельної мережі та кадрове забезпечення. Зі створенням системи «Торгзін» у Москві було сформовано його правління, яке розширило свою діяльність і на інші радянські республіки. В союзні республіки призначалися уповноважені Всесоюзного об'єднання з обмеженими функціями. Підпорядкування цим уповноваженим республіканських контор було номінальним. Україна була другою, після РСФРР, радянською республікою, що мала добре розвинену мережу «Торгзіну». Встановлено, що пік результатів її діяльності припав на голодні 1932 – 1933 рр. З'ясовано, що організація діяльності Всеукраїнської контори «Торгзін» та її обласних осередків напряму залежали від позиції правління Всесоюзного об'єднання «Торгзін» у Москві. Встановлено, що основним критерієм у формуванні кадрової політики торгзінівської системи стала партійна приналежність, а за національним складом переважали євреї. Регулярні «чистки» апарату «Торгзіну» органами Об'єднаного політичного управління СРСР від «соціально-чужих» елементів» спричиняли кадровий голод, долати який керівництво намагалося системою стимулюючих заходів.
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The article aims to show the standing of Kyiv eparchy under the conditions of socioeconomic upheavals during the 1920s and define the principles of the Soviet state policy towards church treasures. Research methodology is based on general scientific principles of objectivity, historicism, systematicity, comprehensiveness, which made it possible to accurately recreate the sociopolitical and economic standing of Kyiv eparchy and ensured the reliability of research findings. The scientific value of the article lies in the fact that the statistical data reflecting the standing of Kyiv eparchy in the 1920s were, for the first time, systematized and analyzed in Ukrainian historiography. It is found that whether temples, monasteries and convents were closed or destroyed. It is defined when they ceased to be the objects of religious worship. Their further fate is clarified.The article analyzes the policy of Soviet government towards the demolition of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church as a social institution, elimination of its religious buildings, closure of temples and theological schools, destruction of monasteries and convents, prohibition of church bells, confiscation of church property and persecution of the Orthodox priesthood in the territory of an individual church administrative unit. It clarifies the position of Kyiv eparchy of the Ukrainian exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church in an age of Soviet legislation in the 1920s. It specifies the principles of Soviet policy towards church property within Kyiv eparchy, the position of its Orthodox clergy and the means of anti-religious propaganda, which made it possible to estimate the extent of material and spiritual losses of the Ukrainian people. The Conclusions. Studying the principles of the Soviet state policy towards church treasures within Kyiv eparchy and analyzing the standing of its Orthodox clergy, as well as the means of atheistic propaganda, one can estimate the extent of material and spiritual losses of the Ukrainian people.
BASE
The article analyzes the characteristics of implementing the staff policy in the All-Union Association «Torgsin» system and its Ukrainian branches. The article aims to study the measures taken by the state authorities of the Soviet government to form the numerical composition of the Torgsin network and take measures to improve its quality. The research is based on extensive use of various historical sources on this particular issue and holistic and systematic approaches to revealing the distribution and functioning of the Torgsin system in the UkrSSR in the early 1930s. The article proves that an essential factor in developing the system of the All-Union Association «Torgsin» and its spread to the territory of the UkrSSR became the establishment of an effective trade network and human resourcing. After creating the «Torgsin» system in Moscow, they established its administration, which expanded its activities to other Soviet republics. It is important to note that Soviet Republics were appointed the All-Union Association representatives with limited functions. The subordination of their offices to these commissioners was nominal. Ukraine was the second, after the RSFSR, Soviet republic to have a well-developed Torgsin network. The article shows that the peak of its activities occurred during the famine of 1932 – 1933. It clarifies that the organization of the All-Ukrainian agency «Torgsin» and its regional branches directly depended on the position of the All-Union Association «Torgsin» in Moscow. The main criterion in the formation of the Torgsin system's personnel policy was party affiliation, and Jews dominated the ethnic composition. The regular purges of the «Torgsin» apparatus by the bodies of the Joint Political Directorate of the USSR from «socially alien» elements «caused staff shortage,» which they tried to overcome with a system of incentives. ; У статті аналізуються особливості здійснення кадрової політики у системі Всесоюзного об'єднання «Торгзін» та його українських філій. Метою статті визначено дослідження заходів державних органів радянської влади щодо формування чисельного складу мережі «Торгзіну» та заходів з його якісного покращення. Наукове дослідження побудоване на основі комплексного застосування широкого спектру історичних джерел із означеної проблеми, а також цілісному і системному підходах для розкриття особливостей поширення та функціонування системи «Торгзін» в УСРР першої половини 1930-х рр. Доведено, що важливим фактором у розвитку системи Всесоюзного об'єднання «Торгзін» та її поширенні на територію УСРР стало формування дієвої торговельної мережі та кадрове забезпечення. Зі створенням системи «Торгзін» у Москві було сформовано його правління, яке розширило свою діяльність і на інші радянські республіки. В союзні республіки призначалися уповноважені Всесоюзного об'єднання з обмеженими функціями. Підпорядкування цим уповноваженим республіканських контор було номінальним. Україна була другою, після РСФРР, радянською республікою, що мала добре розвинену мережу «Торгзіну». Встановлено, що пік результатів її діяльності припав на голодні 1932 – 1933 рр. З'ясовано, що організація діяльності Всеукраїнської контори «Торгзін» та її обласних осередків напряму залежали від позиції правління Всесоюзного об'єднання «Торгзін» у Москві. Встановлено, що основним критерієм у формуванні кадрової політики торгзінівської системи стала партійна приналежність, а за національним складом переважали євреї. Регулярні «чистки» апарату «Торгзіну» органами Об'єднаного політичного управління СРСР від «соціально-чужих» елементів» спричиняли кадровий голод, долати який керівництво намагалося системою стимулюючих заходів.
BASE
The article aims to show the standing of Kyiv eparchy under the conditions of socioeconomic upheavals during the 1920s and define the principles of the Soviet state policy towards church treasures. Research methodology is based on general scientific principles of objectivity, historicism, systematicity, comprehensiveness, which made it possible to accurately recreate the sociopolitical and economic standing of Kyiv eparchy and ensured the reliability of research findings. The scientific value of the article lies in the fact that the statistical data reflecting the standing of Kyiv eparchy in the 1920s were, for the first time, systematized and analyzed in Ukrainian historiography. It is found that whether temples, monasteries and convents were closed or destroyed. It is defined when they ceased to be the objects of religious worship. Their further fate is clarified.The article analyzes the policy of Soviet government towards the demolition of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church as a social institution, elimination of its religious buildings, closure of temples and theological schools, destruction of monasteries and convents, prohibition of church bells, confiscation of church property and persecution of the Orthodox priesthood in the territory of an individual church administrative unit. It clarifies the position of Kyiv eparchy of the Ukrainian exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church in an age of Soviet legislation in the 1920s. It specifies the principles of Soviet policy towards church property within Kyiv eparchy, the position of its Orthodox clergy and the means of anti-religious propaganda, which made it possible to estimate the extent of material and spiritual losses of the Ukrainian people. The Conclusions. Studying the principles of the Soviet state policy towards church treasures within Kyiv eparchy and analyzing the standing of its Orthodox clergy, as well as the means of atheistic propaganda, one can estimate the extent of material and spiritual losses of the Ukrainian people.
BASE
The article aims to show the standing of Kyiv eparchy under the conditions of socioeconomic upheavals during the 1920s and define the principles of the Soviet state policy towards church treasures. Research methodology is based on general scientific principles of objectivity, historicism, systematicity, comprehensiveness, which made it possible to accurately recreate the sociopolitical and economic standing of Kyiv eparchy and ensured the reliability of research findings. The scientific value of the article lies in the fact that the statistical data reflecting the standing of Kyiv eparchy in the 1920s were, for the first time, systematized and analyzed in Ukrainian historiography. It is found that whether temples, monasteries and convents were closed or destroyed. It is defined when they ceased to be the objects of religious worship. Their further fate is clarified.The article analyzes the policy of Soviet government towards the demolition of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church as a social institution, elimination of its religious buildings, closure of temples and theological schools, destruction of monasteries and convents, prohibition of church bells, confiscation of church property and persecution of the Orthodox priesthood in the territory of an individual church administrative unit. It clarifies the position of Kyiv eparchy of the Ukrainian exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church in an age of Soviet legislation in the 1920s. It specifies the principles of Soviet policy towards church property within Kyiv eparchy, the position of its Orthodox clergy and the means of anti-religious propaganda, which made it possible to estimate the extent of material and spiritual losses of the Ukrainian people. The Conclusions. Studying the principles of the Soviet state policy towards church treasures within Kyiv eparchy and analyzing the standing of its Orthodox clergy, as well as the means of atheistic propaganda, one can estimate the extent of material and spiritual losses of the Ukrainian people.
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This article is devoted to a remarkable data, the 90th anniversary of Academician of Russian Academy of Science, Hero of Socialist Labour of the Soviet Union, Evgeniy I. Chazov. His multifaceted personality has been formed under an influence of Dmitriy D.Pletnev, who founded of a Russian therapeutic school at the middle of 20th, the 20th century. Evgeniy I. Chazov is known not only as a scientist and a physician, but also as a talented public health manager. He was at the head of Healthcare Ministry of Soviet Union from 1987 to 1990. Under his leadership and with his direct participation, the Soviet healthcare system acquired novel modern features: a network of diagnostic centers and pediatric healthcare facilities was organized that led to decrease in child mortality, healthcare provision in extreme conditions, development of control measures against human immunodeficiency virus, and updating the legislation on psychiatric care. Novel business principles were implemented in the country by Evgeniy I. Chazov; high tech diagnostic equipment was supplied to medical institutions. ; Статья посвящена замечательной дате – 90-летию со дня рождения академика Российской академии наук, Героя Социалистического труда СССР Евгения Ивановича Чазова, многогранная личность которого во многом сформирована Дмитрием Дмитриевичем Плетневым, основавшим в середине 1920-х годов школу терапевтов. Е.И.Чазов известен не только как врач и ученый, но и как талантливый организатор здравоохранения. В 1987–1990 гг. он возглавлял Министерство здравоохранения СССР. В этот период по инициативе и непосредственном участии Е.И.Чазова система советского здравоохранения обрела новые, более современные формы – создана сеть диагностических центров и детских учреждений, благодаря которой понизился уровень детской смертности, разработаны системы оказания медицинской помощи в экстремальных условиях и борьбы с распространением вируса иммунодефицита человека; пересмотрено законодательство по оказанию психиатрической помощи. Благодаря Е.И.Чазову в нашей ...
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International audience ; Chronic diseases are diseases of long duration and slow progression. Major NCDs (cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes, rheumatologic diseases and mental health) represent the predominant health problem of the Century. The prevention and control of NCDs are the priority of the World Health Organization 2008 Action Plan, the United Nations 2010 Resolution and the European Union 2010 Council. The novel trend for the management of NCDs is evolving towards integrative, holistic approaches. NCDs are intertwined with ageing. The European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) has prioritised NCDs. To tackle them in their totality in order to reduce their burden and societal impact, it is proposed that NCDs should be considered as a single expression of disease with different risk factors and entities. An innovative integrated health system built around systems medicine and strategic partnerships is proposed to combat NCDs. It includes (i) understanding the social, economic, environmental, genetic determinants, as well as the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying NCDs; (ii) primary care and practice-based interprofessional collaboration; (iii) carefully phenotyped patients; (iv) development of unbiased and accurate biomarkers for comorbidities, severity and follow up of patients; (v) socio-economic science; (vi) development of guidelines; (vii) training; and (viii) policy decisions. The results could be applicable to all countries and adapted to local needs, economy and health systems. This paper reviews the complexity of NCDs intertwined with ageing. It gives an overview of the problem and proposes two practical examples of systems medicine (MeDALL) applied to allergy and to NCD co-morbidities (MACVIA-LR).
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In: http://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/26640
Chronic diseases are diseases of long duration and slow progression. Major NCDs (cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes, rheumatologic diseases and mental health) represent the predominant health problem of the Century. The prevention and control of NCDs are the priority of the World Health Organization 2008 Action Plan, the United Nations 2010 Resolution and the European Union 2010 Council. The novel trend for the management of NCDs is evolving towards integrative, holistic approaches. NCDs are intertwined with ageing. The European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) has prioritised NCDs. To tackle them in their totality in order to reduce their burden and societal impact, it is proposed that NCDs should be considered as a single expression of disease with different risk factors and entities. An innovative integrated health system built around systems medicine and strategic partnerships is proposed to combat NCDs. It includes (i) understanding the social, economic, environmental, genetic determinants, as well as the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying NCDs; (ii) primary care and practice-based interprofessional collaboration; (iii) carefully phenotyped patients; (iv) development of unbiased and accurate biomarkers for comorbidities, severity and follow up of patients; (v) socio-economic science; (vi) development of guidelines; (vii) training; and (viii) policy decisions. The results could be applicable to all countries and adapted to local needs, economy and health systems. This paper reviews the complexity of NCDs intertwined with ageing. It gives an overview of the problem and proposes two practical examples of systems medicine (MeDALL) applied to allergy and to NCD co-morbidities (MACVIA-LR, Reference Site of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing).
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International audience ; The objective of Integrated Care Pathways for Airway Diseases (AIRWAYS-ICPs) is to launch a collaboration to develop multi-sectoral care pathways for chronic respiratory diseases in European countries and regions. AIRWAYS-ICPs has strategic relevance to the European Union Health Strategy and will add value to existing public health knowledge by: 1) proposing a common framework of care pathways for chronic respiratory diseases, which will facilitate comparability and trans-national initiatives; 2) informing cost-effective policy development, strengthening in particular those on smoking and environmental exposure; 3) aiding risk stratification in chronic disease patients, using a common strategy; 4) having a significant impact on the health of citizens in the short term (reduction of morbidity, improvement of education in children and of work in adults) and in the long-term (healthy ageing); 5) proposing a common simulation tool to assist physicians; and 6) ultimately reducing the healthcare burden (emergency visits, avoidable hospitalisations, disability and costs) while improving quality of life. In the longer term, the incidence of disease may be reduced by innovative prevention strategies. AIRWAYS-ICPs was initiated by Area 5 of the Action Plan B3 of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing. All stakeholders are involved (health and social care, patients, and policy makers).
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The objective of Integrated Care Pathways for Airway Diseases (AIRWAYS-ICPs) is to launch a collaboration to develop multi-sectoral care pathways for chronic respiratory diseases in European countries and regions. AIRWAYS-ICPs has strategic relevance to the European Union Health Strategy and will add value to existing public health knowledge by: 1) proposing a common framework of care pathways for chronic respiratory diseases, which will facilitate comparability and trans-national initiatives; 2) informing cost-effective policy development, strengthening in particular those on smoking and environmental exposure; 3) aiding risk stratification in chronic disease patients, using a common strategy; 4) having a significant impact on the health of citizens in the short term (reduction of morbidity, improvement of education in children and of work in adults) and in the long-term (healthy ageing); 5) proposing a common simulation tool to assist physicians; and 6) ultimately reducing the healthcare burden (emergency visits, avoidable hospitalisations, disability and costs) while improving quality of life. In the longer term, the incidence of disease may be reduced by innovative prevention strategies. AIRWAYS-ICPs was initiated by Area 5 of the Action Plan B3 of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing. All stakeholders are involved (health and social care, patients, and policy makers).
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The objective of Integrated Care Pathways for Airway Diseases (AIRWAYS-ICPs) is to launch a collaboration to develop multi-sectoral care pathways for chronic respiratory diseases in European countries and regions. AIRWAYS-ICPs has strategic relevance to the European Union Health Strategy and will add value to existing public health knowledge by: 1) proposing a common framework of care pathways for chronic respiratory diseases, which will facilitate comparability and trans-national initiatives; 2) informing cost-effective policy development, strengthening in particular those on smoking and environmental exposure; 3) aiding risk stratification in chronic disease patients, using a common strategy; 4) having a significant impact on the health of citizens in the short term (reduction of morbidity, improvement of education in children and of work in adults) and in the long-term (healthy ageing); 5) proposing a common simulation tool to assist physicians; and 6) ultimately reducing the healthcare burden (emergency visits, avoidable hospitalisations, disability and costs) while improving quality of life. In the longer term, the incidence of disease may be reduced by innovative prevention strategies. AIRWAYSICPs was initiated by Area 5 of the Action Plan B3 of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing. All stakeholders are involved (health and social care, patients, and policy makers). ; Peer reviewed
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The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (1) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (2) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma and rhinitis and (3) to develop guidelines with all stakeholders that could be used globally for all countries and populations. ARIA-disseminated and implemented in over 70 countries globally-is now focusing on the implementation of emerging technologies for individualized and predictive medicine. MASK [MACVIA (Contre les Maladies Chroniques pour un Vieillissement Actif)-ARIA Sentinel NetworK] uses mobile technology to develop care pathways for the management of rhinitis and asthma by a multi-disciplinary group and by patients themselves. An app (Android and iOS) is available in 20 countries and 15 languages. It uses a visual analogue scale to assess symptom control and work productivity as well as a clinical decision support system. It is associated with an inter-operable tablet for physicians and other health care professionals. The scaling up strategy uses the recommendations of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing. The aim of the novel ARIA approach is to provide an active and healthy life to rhinitis sufferers, whatever their age, sex or socio-economic status, in order to reduce health and social inequalities incurred by the disease. ; European Innovation Partnership ; Montpellier Univ Hosp, Montpellier, France ; European Innovat Partnership Act & Hlth Ageing Re, MAlad Chron Vleillissement Actif France, MACVIA France, Montpellier, France ; INSERM, Ageing & Chron Dis Epidemiol & Publ Hlth Approach, U1168, F-94800 Villejuif, France ; Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Clin Immunol Lab, Louvain, Belgium ; Transylvania Univ Brasov, Brasov, Romania ; Ghent Univ Hosp, ENT Dept, Upper Airways Res Lab, Ghent, Belgium ; Charite, Dept Dermatol & Allergy, Allergy Ctr Charite, Berlin, Germany ; Global Allergy & Asthma European Network, Berlin, Germany ; iQ4U Consultants Ltd, London, England ; Odense Univ Hosp, Dept Dermatol, Odense, Denmark ; Odense Univ Hosp, Allergy Ctr, Odense, Denmark ; Univ Sydney & Sydney Local Hlth Dist, Woolcock Inst Med Res, Glebe, NSW, Australia ; Hosp City Hlth & Sci Torino, Univ Pneumol Unit AOU Molinette, Turin, Italy ; Montpellier Univ Hosp, Dept Resp Dis, Montpellier, France ; Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil ; Humanitas Univ, Asthma & Allergy Clin, Milan, Italy ; Univ S Florida, Div Allergy Immunol, Tampa, FL USA ; Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Leiden, Netherlands ; Univ Fed Bahia, ProAR Nucleo Excelencia Asma, Salvador, BA, Brazil ; GARD Execut Comm, Salvador, BA, Brazil ; EFA European Federat Allergy & Airways Dis Patien, Brussels, Belgium ; INSERM, EPAR U707, Paris, France ; Univ Paris 06, EPAR UMR S UPMC, Paris, France ; Suresnes Univ Versailles, Hop Foch, Lab Pharmacol Resp UPRES EA220, St Quentin en Yvelines, France ; Univ Porto, Ctr Res Hlth Technol & Informat Syst CINTESIS, Oporto, Portugal ; Inst CUF Porto, Allergy Unit, Oporto, Portugal ; Hosp CUF Porto, Oporto, Portugal ; Univ Porto, Fac Med, Hlth Informat & Decis Sci Dept CIDES, Rua Dr Placido da Costa S-N, P-4200450 Oporto, Portugal ; Acad Med Ctr, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Amsterdam, Netherlands ; Erasmus Univ, Inst Hlth Policy & Management IBMG, Rotterdam, Netherlands ; Helsinki Univ Hosp, Skin & Allergy Hosp, Helsinki, Finland ; Univ Naples Federico II, Hosp Naples R&D & DISMET, Naples, Italy ; Univ Paris 06, UPMC,Equipe EPAR, Sorbonne Univ,Dept Allergol,Inst Pierre Louis Epi, Hopital Enfants Armand Trousseau,AP HP,Ctr Asthme, F-75013 Paris, France ; Charite, Inst Social Med Epidemiol & Hlth Econ, Berlin, Germany ; Univ Wurzburg, Inst Clin Epidemiol & Biometry, Wurzburg, Germany ; Ctr Rhinol & Allergol, Wiesbaden, Germany ; Med Univ Lodz, Barlicki Univ Hosp, Div Internal Med Asthma & Allergy, Lodz, Poland ; Univ Barcelona, CIBERES, IDIBAPS, Hosp Clin,ENT Dept,Clin & Expt Resp Immunoallergy, M Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain ; Univ Chicago, Med Ctr, Sect Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ; Univ Chicago, Pritzker Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA ; Monash Univ, Alfred Hosp, Dept Allergy Immunol & Resp Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia ; Monash Univ, Cent Clin Sch, Melbourne, Vic, Australia ; Monash Univ, Dept Immunol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia ; Univ Manchester, Royal Manchester Childrens Hosp, Inst Human Dev, Ctr Pediat & Child Hlth, Manchester, Lancs, England ; Univ Athens, Athens Gen Childrens Hosp P&A Kyriakou, Pediat Clin 2, Dept Allergy, Athens, Greece ; Nippon Med Sch, Dept Pediat, Tokyo, Japan ; Univ Cape Town, Lung Inst, Allergy Diagnost & Clin Res Unit, Cape Town, South Africa ; Woodbrook Med Ctr, Loughborough, Leics, England ; Univ Edinburgh, Allergy & Resp Res Grp, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland ; Med Univ Warsaw, Dept Prevent Environm Hazards & Allergol, Warsaw, Poland ; McMaster Univ, Dept Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Hamilton, ON, Canada ; Univ Edinburgh, Sch Med, Ctr Populat Hlth Sci, Allergy & Resp Res Grp, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland ; Univ Manitoba, Fac Med, Dept Immunol, Dept Pediat & Child Hlth, Winnipeg, MB, Canada ; Univ Salerno, Div Allergy & Clin Immunol, Salerno, Italy ; Univ Coimbra, Fac Med, Ctr Pneumol, Coimbra, Portugal ; Med Univ Graz, Dept ENT, Graz, Austria ; Vilnius Univ, Fac Med, Clin Childrens Dis, Vilnius, Lithuania ; Vilnius Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Vilnius, Lithuania ; European Acad Paediat EAP UEMS SP, Brussels, Belgium ; Univ Turku, Dept Lung Dis & Clin Allergol, Turku, Finland ; Terveystalo, Allergy Clin, Turku, Finland ; Univ Bari, Sch Med, Unit Geriatr Immunoallergol, Bari, Italy ; Soder Sjukhuset, Sachs Children & Youth Hosp, Stockholm, Sweden ; Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Stockholm, Sweden ; Queens Univ, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland ; Celal Bayar Univ, Dept Pulmonol, Manisa, Turkey ; Med Univ Graz, Dept Dermatol, Graz, Austria ; Univ Zurich, Swiss Inst Allergy & Asthma Res SIAF, Davos, Switzerland ; Hosp Quiron Bizkaia, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Erandio, Spain ; Barcelona Inst Global Hlth ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain ; IMIM Hosp Mar Res Inst, Barcelona, Spain ; CIBER Epidemiol & Salud Publ CIBERESP, Barcelona, Spain ; Univ Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain ; Kyomed, Montpellier, France ; Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Clin Immunol & Allergy Unit, Stockholm, Sweden ; Karolinska Univ Hosp, Astrid Lindgren Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat Pulmonol & Allergy, Stockholm, Sweden ; David Hide Asthma & Allergy Res Ctr, Isle Of Wight, England ; Reg Puglia, Bari, Italy ; Portuguese Natl Programme Resp Dis PNDR, Fac Med Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal ; Univ Palermo, Dept Internal Med DIBIMIS, Geriatr Unit, Palermo, Italy ; Univ Cape Town, Dept Med, Cape Town, South Africa ; Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Dept Oncol Haematol & Resp Dis, Sect Resp Dis, Modena, Italy ; Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Resp Med, Amsterdam, Netherlands ; Natl Inst Dis Chest & Hosp, Dept Resp Med, Dhaka, Bangladesh ; Linkoping Univ, Fac Med, Dept Pediat, Ctr Individualized Med, S-58185 Linkoping, Sweden ; Univ Bonn, Dept Dermatol & Allergy, Bonn, Germany ; Univ Hosp, Dept Resp Med & Allergol, Lund, Sweden ; Montpellier Univ Hosp, Dept Geriatr, BLAIN Montpellier, France ; Univ Montpellier, Euromov, EA 2991, Montpellier, France ; Univ Milan, IRCCS Fdn CaGranda Osped Maggiore Policlin, Dept Pathophysiol & Transplantat, Milan, Italy ; Univ Verona Hosp, Dept Pediat, Verona, Italy ; Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Publ Hlth & Infect Dis, Rome, Italy ; Univ Naples 2, Naples, Italy ; Italian Natl Res Council, Inst Translat Med, Naples, Italy ; Univ Laval, Quebec Heart & Lung Inst, Quebec City, PQ, Canada ; Univ Glasgow, Inst Hlth & Wellbeing, Hlth Econ & Hlth Technol Assessment, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland ; Univ Hosp Leicester NHS Trust, Inst Lung Hlth, Resp Biomed Unit, Leicester, Leics, England ; Univ Leicester, Dept Infect Immun & Inflammat, Leicester, Leics, England ; Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Univ Med, Mainz, Germany ; Univ Med & Farm Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania ; Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Royal Brompton Hosp NHS, London, England ; Ctr Med Docente Trinidad, Caracas, Venezuela ; Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, London, England ; Reg Languedoc Roussillon, Montpellier, France ; Hosp Valle De Hebron, S Allergol S Med Interna, Barcelona, Spain ; CEDOC, Resp Res Grp, Nova Med Sch, Lisbon, Portugal ; Ctr Hosp Lisboa Cent, EPE, Serv Imunoalergol, Lisbon, Portugal ; Reg Minist Hlth Andalusia, Seville, Spain ; Oslo Univ Hosp, Dept Paediat, Oslo, Norway ; Univ Oslo, Oslo, Norway ; Allergy & Asthma Associates Southern Calif, Mission Viejo, CA USA ; Metropolitan Univ, Univ Simon Bolivar, Allergy & Immunol Lab, Barranquilla, Colombia ; SLaai Sociedad Latinoamer Allergia Asma & Immunol, Cartagena, Colombia ; Gerontopole Toulouse, F-31059 Toulouse, France ; Univ Crete, Fac Med, Dept Social Med, Iraklion, NE, Greece ; Univ CEU San Pablo, Sch Med, Madrid, Spain ; Grigol Robakidze Univ, David Tvildiani Med Univ, AIETI Med Sch, Chachava Clin, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia ; Pulmonolory Res Inst FMBA, Moscow, Russia ; GARD Execut Comm, Moscow, Russia ; IRCCS Azienda Osped Univ San Martino, Dept Med, Genoa, Italy ; Univ Minho, Sch Hlth Sci, Res Inst ICVS, ICVS 3BsPT Govt Associate Lab,Life & Hlth Sci, Braga, Portugal ; Nova Southeastern Univ, Dept Med, Davie, FL USA ; Scottish Ctr Telehealth & Telecare, NHS 24, European Innovat Partnership Act & Hlth Ageing, Reference Site,EIP AHA, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland ; Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Pediat, London, England ; Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Ctr Allergy Res, Stockholm, Sweden ; Tech Univ Munich, Dept Dermatol & Allergy, Munich, Germany ; Helmholtz Ctr Munich, ZAUM Ctr Allergy & Environm, Munich, Germany ; AQuAS, Barcelona, Spain ; European Reg & Local Hlth Assoc, EUREGHA, Brussels, Belgium ; Luliu Hatieganu Univ Med & Pharm, Allergol & Immunol Discipline, Cluj Napoca, Romania ; McMaster Univ, Dept Med, Div Clin Immunol & Allergy, Hamilton, ON, Canada ; Peercode DV, Amsterdam, Netherlands ; Rangueil Larrey Hosp, Dept Resp Dis, Toulouse, France ; Univ Paris 05, Hop Cochin, AP HP, Serv Physiol Resp, Paris, France ; Ss Cyril & Methodius Univ, Fac Med, Univ Clin Pulmol & Allergy, Skopje, Macedonia ; Ctr Hosp Univ Beni Messous, Serv Pneumoallergol, Algiers, Algeria ; Ecole Mines, Ales, France ; Vilnius Univ, Fac Med, Vilnius, Lithuania ; Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, Allergy & Clin Immunol Sect, London, England ; Kings Coll London, Guys & St Thomas NHS Trust, London, England ; St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Sect Allergy & Immunol, St Louis, MO USA ; Umea Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Umea, Sweden ; Four Comp Oy, Halikko, Finland ; Ain Shams Univ, Pediat Allergy & Immunol Unit, Cairo, Egypt ; Social Serv & Publ Safety, Dept Hlth, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland ; Global Allergy & Asthma Platform, Altgasse 8-10, A-1130 Vienna, Austria ; Bambino Gesu Childrens Res Hosp Holy See, Dept Pediat Med, Div Allergy, Rome, Italy ; Educ Hlth, Warwick, England ; Reg Hlth Serv Lazio Reg, Dept Epidemiol, Rome, Italy ; Athens Chest Hosp, Athens, Greece ; Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth Georgia, Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia ; Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Fac Med, Dept Pulm Dis, Istanbul, Turkey ; Clin Ricardo Palma, Allergy & Immunol Div, Lima, Peru ; Erasmus MC, Dept Internal Med, Sect Allergol, Rotterdam, Netherlands ; Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, San Nicolas De Los Garza, Mexico ; Latvian Assoc Allergists, Ctr TB & Lung Dis, Riga, Latvia ; Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA ; Univ Hosp Olomouc, Natl eHlth Ctr, Olomouc, Czech Republic ; Univ Chile, Clin Hosp, Immunol & Allergy Div, Santiago, Chile ; Odense Univ Hosp, Dept Resp Dis, Odense, Denmark ; German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Inst Epidemiol 1, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Neuherberg, Germany ; Vienna Challenge Chamber, Vienna, Austria ; Univ Coll Cork, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Cork, Ireland ; Univ Paris 11, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France ; Hop Bicetre, Serv Pneumol, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France ; INSERM, UMR S999, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France ; Univ Plymouth, Sch Psychol, Plymouth, Devon, England ; Univ Salerno, Dept Med & Surg, Baronissi, Italy ; Libra Fdn, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina ; Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, Airway Dis Infect Sect, London, England ; MRC & Asthma UK Ctr Allerg Mech Asthma, London, England ; Ghent Univ Hosp, Dept Resp Med, Ghent, Belgium ; Montpellier Univ Hosp, Med Commiss, Montpellier, France ; Hallym Univ, Coll Med, Hallym Univ Sacred Heart Hosp, Anyang, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea ; Wroclaw Med Univ, Dept Clin Immunol, Wroclaw, Poland ; Ukrainian Med Stomatol Acad, Poltava, Ukraine ; Fed Medicobiol Agcy, Inst Immunol, Natl Res Ctr, Lab Mol Immunol, Moscow, Russia ; Hacettepe Univ, Sch Med, Pediat Allergy & Asthma Unit, Ankara, Turkey ; Hacettepe Univ, Sch Med, Dept Chest Dis, Immunol & Allergy Div, Ankara, Turkey ; Med Univ Lodz, Dept Family Med 1, Lodz, Poland ; McMaster Univ, Dept Med, Hlth Sci Ctr 3V47, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, Canada ; Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Pulm Dis, Groningen, Netherlands ; GARD, Geneva, Switzerland ; Univ Hosp Olomouc, Fac Med & Dent, Dept Resp Med, Olomouc, Czech Republic ; Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, GRIAC Res Inst, Beatrix Childrens Hosp,Dept Pediat Pulmonol & Ped, Groningen, Netherlands ; Med Univ Lodz, Deptment Immunol Rheumatol & Allergy & HARC, Lodz, Poland ; Univ Helsinki, Childrens Hosp, Helsinki, Finland ; Vilnius Univ, Clin Infect Chest Dis Dermatol & Allergol, Vilnius, Lithuania ; Univ Ghent, VIB Inflammat Res Ctr, Ghent, Belgium ; Charite, Dept Pediat Pneumol & Immunol, Berlin, Germany ; Univ Med & Pharm, Hochiminh City, Vietnam ; Univ Tennessee, Coll Med, Dept Internal Med & Pediat, Div Allergy & Immunol, Germantown, TN USA ; Univ Dundee, Ninewells Hosp, Med Res Inst, Scottish Ctr Resp Res Cardiovasc & Diabet Med, Dundee, Scotland ; Guangzhou Med Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Guangzhou Inst Resp Dis, State Key Lab Resp Dis, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China ; Univ Oslo, Fac Med, Inst Clin Med, Oslo, Norway ; CHU Sart Tilman, Dept Pulm Med, Liege, Belgium ; Med Univ Vienna, Ctr Pathophysiol Infectiol & Immunol, Dept Pathophysiol & Allergy Res, Div Immunopathol, Vienna, Austria ; Univ Edinburgh, Queens Med Res Inst, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland ; Hop St Joseph, Serv Pneumoallergol, Paris, France ; Univ Nantes, UMR INSERM, Serv Pneumol, UMR1087, Nantes, France ; Univ Nantes, Inst Thorax, CNR 6291, Nantes, France ; Rashid Hosp, Dept Pulm Med, Dubai, U Arab Emirates ; Biomax Informat AG, Munich, Germany ; Univ Bratislava, Dept Resp Med, Bratislava, Slovakia ; Univ Coimbra, Fac Med, Inst Biomed Imaging & Life Sci, Coimbra, Portugal ; Ageing@Coimbra EIP AHA Reference Site, Coimbra, Portugal ; Bon Secours Hosp, Dept Med, Dublin, Ireland ; Kronikgune, Basque Region, Spain ; Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Div Clin Immunol & Allergy, Lab Behav Immunol Res, Jackson, MS USA ; Iranian Anti Tobacco Assoc, Tobacco Control Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran ; Maputo Cent Hosp, Dept Paediat, Maputo, Mozambique ; Allergy & Asthma Med Grp & Res Ctr, San Diego, CA USA ; Univ Montpellier, Dept Physiol, CHRU, PhyMedExp,INSERM U1046,CNRS UMR 9214, Montpellier, France ; Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Univ Klinikum, Hautklin Klin Dermatol & Allergol, Aachen, Germany ; Croatian Pulm Soc, Zagreb, Croatia ; Natl Inst Pneumol M Nasta, Bucharest, Romania ; Univ Belgrade, Fac Med, Belgrade, Serbia ; Serbian Assoc Asthma & COPD, Belgrade, Serbia ; Caisse Assurance Retraite & Sante Travail Langued, Montpellier, France ; Tishreen Univ, Sch Med, Natl Ctr Res Chron Resp Dis, Latakia, Syria ; Paris Descartes Univ, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Dept Publ Hlth & Hlth Prod, EA 4064, Paris, France ; Paris Municipal Dept Social Act Childhood & Hlth, Paris, France ; Univ Cologne, Fac Med, Inst Med Stat Informat & Epidemiol, Cologne, Germany ; Padua Gen Univ Hosp, Dept Women & Child Hlth, Food Allergy Referral Ctr Veneto Reg, Padua, Italy ; Russian Acad Med Sci, Sci Ctr Childrens Hlth, Moscow, Russia ; Hosp Ninos Orlando Alassia, Santa Fe, Argentina ; Hosp Hosp Bros Buda, Budapest, Hungary ; Hosp La Fe, Neumol & Alergol Infantil, Valencia, Spain ; Ctr Hosp Sao Joao, Dept Internal Med, Oporto, Portugal ; Univ Hosp Kinshasa, ENT Dept, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO ; Tokyo Natl Hosp, Natl Hosp Org, Tokyo, Japan ; Chiba Univ Hosp, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Chiba, Japan ; Nippon Med Sch, Dept Otolaryngol, Tokyo, Japan ; Ctr Hosp Univ Pediatr Charles Gaulle, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso ; Univ Hosp Pisa, Cardiothorac & Vasc Dept, Pisa, Italy ; Med Univ, Univ Vet Med, Messerli Res Inst, Dept Comparat Med, Vienna, Austria ; Charles Univ Prague, Fac Med, Dept Immunol & Allergol, Plzen, Czech Republic ; Charles Univ Prague, Fac Hosp Pilsen, Plzen, Czech Republic ; Univ Ferrara, Dept Med Sci, Resp Med, Ferrara, Italy ; Ajou Univ, Sch Med, Dept Allergy & Clin Immunol, Suwon, South Korea ; Univ Southern Denmark, Kolding, Denmark ; CUF Porto Hosp & Inst, Allergy Unit, Oporto, Portugal ; Heidelberg Univ, Med Fac Mannheim, Univ Med Mannheim, Dept Otorhinolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Mannheim, Germany ; Minist Econ Ind & Numer, Conseil Gen Econ, Paris, France ; Espace Francophone Pneumol, Soc Pneumol Langue Francaise, Paris, France ; CHU Grenoble, Dept Pediat, Grenoble, France ; Childrens Hosp Srebrnjak, Zagreb, Croatia ; Univ JJ Strossmayer, Sch Med, Osijek, Croatia ; Hietzing Hosp, Karl Landsteiner Inst Clin & Expt Pneumol, Vienna, Austria ; Med Univ Sofia, Clin Allergy & Asthma, Sofia, Bulgaria ; Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands ; Copenhagen Univ Hosp Gentofte, Allergy Clin, Lab Med Allergol, Copenhagen, Denmark ; Univ Aberdeen, Acad Ctr Primary Care, Aberdeen, Scotland ; Res Real Life, Cambridge, England ; German Ctr Lung Res DZL, Airway Res Ctr North, LungenClin Grosshansdorf, Grosshansdorf, Germany ; Univ Kiel, German Ctr Lung Res DZL, Airway Res Ctr North, Dept Med, Kiel, Germany ; Southampton Univ Hosp, NHS Fdn Trust, Southampton, Hants, England ; Coimbra Univ Hosp, Ctr Pneumol, Coimbra, Portugal ; Univ Valencia, Polibienestar Res Inst, Valencia, Spain ; Getafe Univ Hosp, Dept Geriatr, Madrid, Spain ; Assoc Asthme & Allergie, Paris, France ; Inst Invest Sanitaria Palma IdisPa, Primary Care Resp Res Unit, Palma De Mallorca, Spain ; Complesso Integrato Columbus, Allergy Unit, Rome, Italy ; Hosp Luz, Serv Imunoalergol, Lisbon, Portugal ; Univ Parana, Hosp Clin, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil ; Emek Med Ctr, Div Allergy Asthma & Clin Immunol, Afula, Israel ; Ctr Med Docente Trinidad & Clin El Avila, Allergy & Clin Immunol Dept, Caracas, Venezuela ; Autononous Univ Madrid, Fac Med, Madrid, Spain ; UCL, Royal Natl TNE Hosp, London, England ; Univ Palermo, DIBIMIS, Palermo, Italy ; Univ Zurich Hosp, Dept Dermatol, Allergy Unit, Zurich, Switzerland ; CHU Rangueil Larrey, Otolaryngol & Head & Neck Surg, Toulouse, France ; Queens Univ, Child Hlth, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland ; Royal Belfast Hosp Sick Children, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland ; Univ Joseph Fourier, Team Environm Epidemiol Appl Reprod & Resp Hlth, Univ Grenoble Alpes, INSERM,IAB U 1209, Grenoble, France ; Soc Paraguaya Alergia Asma & Inmunol, Asuncion, Paraguay ; Univ Utrecht, Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Julius Ctr Hlth Sci & Primary Care, Utrecht, Netherlands ; Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Pediat, Div Allergy Clin Immunol & Rheumatol, Sao Paulo, Brazil ; Euro Asian Resp Soc, Kyrgyzstan Natl Ctr Cardiol & Internal Med, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan ; Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Hosp Clin, Div Pulm,Inst Heart InCor, Sao Paulo, Brazil ; Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Amsterdam, Netherlands ; European Union Geriatr Med Soc EUGMS, Helsinki, Finland ; Maastricht Univ, CAPHRI Sch Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Dept Epidemiol, Maastricht, Netherlands ; IDIBAPS, Hosp Clin, Pneumol & Allergy Dept, Clin & Expt Resp Immunoallergy, Barcelona, Spain ; PELyon, Lyon, France ; Univ Claude Bernard Lyon, Hlth Serv & Performance Res, HESPER 7425, Villeurbanne, France ; Univ Hosp, Stockholm, Sweden ; Catholic Univ Louvain, Univ UCL Namur, Ctr Hosp Univ UCL Namur, Dept Chest Med, Yvoir, Belgium ; Philippines Soc Allergy Asthma & Immunol, Manila, Philippines ; Res Hosp, Arcispedale S Maria Nuova IRCCS, Dept Cardiol Thorac & Vasc Med, Pulm Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy ; Reg Agcy Hlth & Social Care, Reggio Emilia, Italy ; Finnish Lung Assoc FILHA, Helsinki, Finland ; CNR Inst Clin Physiol, Pulm Environm Epidemiol Unit, Pisa, Italy ; CNR, Inst Biomed & Mol Immunol A Monroy, Palermo, Italy ; Sotiria Hosp, Athens, Greece ; Univ Klinikum Dusseldorf, HNO Klin, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Dusseldorf, Germany ; Asthma UK, Mansell St, London, England ; Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Dept Otolaryngol, Singapore, Singapore ; Hannover Med Sch, Dept Dermatol & Allergy, Div Immunodermatol & Allergy Res, Hannover, Germany ; Univ N Carolina, Eshelman Sch Pharm, Chapel Hill, NC USA ; IPCRG, Aberdeen, Scotland ; Bradford Royal Infirm, Bradford Inst Hlth Res, Bradford, W Yorkshire, England ; Olmsted Med Ctr, Dept Res, Rochester, MN USA ; Univ Cyprus, Sch Med, Nicosia, Cyprus ; Allergy & Asthma Inst, Lahore, Pakistan ; Univ Southampton, Social Sci, Southampton, Hants, England ; Univ Cape Town, Red Cross Childrens Hosp, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Cape Town, South Africa ; Univ Cape Town, MRC Unit Child & Adolescent Hlth, Cape Town, South Africa ; Univ Catolica Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina ; Beijing TongRen Hosp, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Beijing, Peoples R China ; Beijing Inst Otolaryngol, Beijing, Peoples R China ; Univ Clin Resp & Allerg Dis, Golnik, Slovenia ; Northern Hlth Alliance, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England ; CHRU Arnaud Villeneuve, 371 Ave Doyen Gaston Giraud, Montpellier 5, France ; Division of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil ; Web of Science
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