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Introduction -- Repression and Victimization -- The Piteşti Project: Testimonies of Remembering -- Vernacular and Politicized Representations of the Armed Resistance -- Perpetrators: Indifference, Denial and Delayed Justice -- Different Voices: The Experiences of Women and Their Representations of Repression and Resistance -- The Past in the Present Tense: The Case of the National Peasant Christian-Democratic Party and its Leader Corneliu Coposu.

I Jurisdiction -- 1: Political Jurisdiction -- 2: Distribution and Concurrence of Jurisdictions in International Law -- II Preliminary Objections -- 3: Categories of Preliminary Objections and their Legal Foundation -- 4: Objection Ultra Vires -- 5: Objection Conditio Sine Qua Non -- 6: Objection Electa Una Via -- 7: Objection Lis Pendens -- 8: Objection Res Judicata -- III Final Determination -- 9: Determination of the Validity of Preliminary Objections -- 10: Procedural Questions Related to Preliminary Objections -- Table of cases -- Index of subjects -- Index of countries and other territories -- Index of names -- Articles -- Resolutions -- Commissions and committees -- Reports.

Sustainable development is the most important concern of all the inhabitants of the Earth, regardless of country, gender, race, ethnic origin, social background, etc. The role of tourism in sustainable development is an essential one. Quality is considered to be the defining and indispensable factor of sustainable tourism. We cannot achieve sustainability in tourism, without attributing quality to the services provided, to tourism products, in particular, and to tourism destinations, in general. But how can quality be ensured in tourism? One of the ways to ensure the quality of services provided, including in the field of tourism, are standards. Quality standards in tourism are on the same level as a value system dictated by each individual institution, being applied to all structural and organizational levels. This article aims to examine the aspects that define the quality of services, products and tourist destinations, as well as one of the quality assurance mechanisms – the standards.

AbstractDoes austerity influence incumbent support? Existing studies struggle with conceptualizing the evolution of austerity's impact over time, estimating a causal effect, and analysing the reactions of different voters. This study theorizes that the effect of austerity on electoral preferences is not immediate, but gradual, as voters find out about the measures' consequences via the media. It leverages a survey in the field at the time of the austerity announcement in Romania in 2010, additional survey data collected immediately after this event and comprehensive daily media coverage to show that austerity measures do not have an immediate impact on incumbent support, anticipated turnout and expressing a vote preference. Instead, there is a gradual effect that is associated with increased media attention to budgetary cuts. This natural experiment allows the estimation of the immediate causal effect of austerity on electoral intentions. Difference‐in‐differences (DID) models show that the announcement triggered a massive loss of support for the incumbent among those who had voted for the party in power only a few months before. Austerity also led to the demobilization of the governing party's supporters. There is no evidence that those most directly affected by the spending cuts are more likely to punish the incumbent party.

Antonio Gramsci's theory of hegemony, based on the importance ofconsensus, is the antecedent of the recognition of the democracy bythe Italian Communist Party (terrain that would be fully acquired by itssuccessors, Togliatti and Berlinguer). Gramsci takes the word and theconcept from the debates at the top of international communism and–adapting it to his theory of the "revolution in the West" – changes andinnovates it profoundly in the Prison Notebooks, making it an idea thatis today widespread and used throughout the world. Palmiro Togliatti,who returned to Italy in 1944, became a protagonist in the writing ofthe post-war democratic Constitution and theorized on the "nationalways" to socialism and polycentrism; Enrico Berlinguer theorized onthe universal value of democracy and the acceptance of many liberalprinciples for the construction of an idea of "communism in freedom".