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Along with the economic and defence sectors, the cultural and political sphere is an indicator of the state's authority on the world stage. A country's success in this area depends on the population's understanding of the government's appropriate actions. Therefore, a balanced strategy of cultural and political legitimization of the state not only justifies the government's activities for citizens, but also solves a number of socio-economic problems. The study identified the main existing approaches to the classification of state policy models in the cultural and political sphere, as well as countries that are typical representatives of each model. The concept of legitimization is defined and its constituent elements are determined. The subjects and objects of legitimization in the cultural and political sphere were clarified, and the author's definition of the concept of cultural and political legitimization strategy was proposed. The main characteristics of cultural and political legitimization strategies are described with a view to the historical aspects of development and the current state. The strategies of these countries and the main directions of further development of culture and politics were compared.

Kiel es un caso especial en cuanto a la política cultural. Al contrario que en gran parte de las ciudades alemanas medianas, la política cultural ha cobrado una gran importancia y está relacionada con la idea de posicionar Kiel como «ciudad creativa». Parece que hay unanimidad en que toda la ciudad de Kiel tenga un gran potencial para la creatividad, la cual, sin embargo, aún no está agotada. Este texto ofrece una visión de conjunto y su objetivo es averiguar de dónde proviene esta excepcional posición de Kiel. Asimismo, se identifica la decisión estratégica para aplicar una aproximación de ciudad creativa, se centra en las industrias creativas como un hito, se hace una mayor aproximación a la ciudad creativa y se propicia cada vez más una iniciativa impulsada por los ciudadanos. La integración política en un sistema de muchos niveles, el carácter sociocultural de la ciudad y la influencia de los institutos de enseñanza superior ofrecen enfoques explicativos. ; Kiel is a special case in terms of cultural policy: Unlike in most other medium-sized German cities, cultural policy has become highly relevant and is linked with the idea of positioning Kiel as an "creative city". There seems to be an unanimity that the city of Kiel as a whole has a great deal of potential for creativity, which, however, has not yet been exhausted. The following text gives an overview and tries to find out where this unique position of Kiel comes from. It has identified the strategic decision to apply a creative city approach, while focusing on creative industries as a milestone, taking a wider approach to the creative city, increasingly fostering citizen driven initiative. Explanatory approaches are offered by the political integration into a multi level system, the socio-cultural character of the city, as well as the influence of the institutes of higher education.

Kiel es un caso especial en cuanto a la política cultural. Al contrario que en gran parte de las ciudades alemanas medianas, la política cultural ha cobrado una gran importancia y está relacionada con la idea de posicionar Kiel como «ciudad creativa». Parece que hay unanimidad en que toda la ciudad de Kiel tenga un gran potencial para la creatividad, la cual, sin embargo, aún no está agotada. Este texto ofrece una visión de conjunto y su objetivo es averiguar de dónde proviene esta excepcional posición de Kiel. Asimismo, se identifica la decisión estratégica para aplicar una aproximación de ciudad creativa, se centra en las industrias creativas como un hito, se hace una mayor aproximación a la ciudad creativa y se propicia cada vez más una iniciativa impulsada por los ciudadanos. La integración política en un sistema de muchos niveles, el carácter sociocultural de la ciudad y la influencia de los institutos de enseñanza superior ofrecen enfoques explicativos. Palabras clave: Kiel; política cultural; ciudad creativa; clase creativa; cohesión social. Cultural policy for what? Kiel's cultural policy between city development, social cohesion and intrinsic values Abstract: Kiel is a special case in terms of cultural policy: Unlike in most other medium-sized German cities, cultural policy has become highly relevant and is linked with the idea of positioning Kiel as an "creative city". There seems to be an unanimity that the city of Kiel as a whole has a great deal of potential for creativity, which, however, has not yet been exhausted. The following text gives an overview and tries to find out where this unique position of Kiel comes from. It has identified the strategic decision to apply a creative city approach, while focusing on creative industries as a milestone, taking a wider approach to the creative city, increasingly fostering citizen driven initiative. Explanatory approaches are offered by the political integration into a multi level system, the socio-cultural character of the city, as well as the influence of the institutes of higher education. Keywords: Kiel; cultural policy; creative city; creative class; social cohesion. Artículo recibido: 14/10/2021. Revisado: 19/10/2021. Aceptado: 28/10/2021

Theorien und historische Linien der Kulturpolitik -- (Trans)Disziplinäre Zugänge und Konzepte der Kulturpolitik -- Rahmen und Förderbedingungen Künstlerischer Produktionen -- Kulturpolitik als Querschnittsagentin -- Kulturpolitikforschung und Methoden -- Akteur*innen und Handlungsräume -- Recht.