The ideological construction of the popular culture as search of an identity for the Brazilian cinema (1950-1975) : a dialectical synthesis between the Chanchada and the Cinema Novo ; La construction idéologique de la culture populaire comme une identité pour le cinema brésilien (1950-1975) : une sy...
This research focuses on the ideological construction of popular culture in Brazil in comedy films, musical or not, and cinema novo over the 1950-1975 period. It analyzes how these comedies (called chanchadas), which were influenced by the ideal of a varied but unique nation established by Getúlio Vargas represented the popular culture as an ideology of the subordinate classes. Using the concept of carnivalization, these popular films, influenced by radio, revue theater and circus, put the world upside down trying to correct social injustices suffered by the poor. Often criticized and considered as superficial and alienated, they were much more crítical than they were said to be at the time. Assuming that cinema novo is the corollary of the discussion on the identity quest for the Brazilian cinema that took place during the 1950s, a period heavily influenced by the Brazilian Communist Party, the research analyzes the three phases of the mo! vement. During the first one, popular culture was built as the people's opium and filmmakers used their own world as a model of representation for popular culture. The films, which were very self-reflexive, sought to arouse the crítical consciousness of the poor and help them pull out of alienation. During the second phase, which occurred after the military coup of 1964, filmmakers were immersed in the past in order to understand the mistakes of the left and the reasons for its defeat. During the third phase of the movement, led by a liberal government that perceived cinema as a commodity that should be sold to the market, filmmakers changed their way forward and made films directed to the general public. As such, the films of this phase, characterized by simpler forms, engaged in dialogue with the chanchadas to finally reach the people, while never giving up auteur cinema ; Ce travail porte sur la construction idéologique de la culture populaire dans les comédies brésiliennes, musicales ou pas, et dans le cinéma novo de la période 1950-1975.Il analyse la façon dont ces ...