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This text investigates how people construct meaning and motivation for political action. Building on Lloyd and Susanne Rudolph's seminal scholarship of India, it develops the concept of situated knowledge to argue that people's capacity to empathize and dehumanize as well as their engagement in ongoing discourses and ideational power shape their political action. The volume illuminates contemporary Indian politics by showing how political leadership can transform people's understandings and cause dramatic political transformation.

This text investigates how people construct meaning and motivation for political action. Building on Lloyd and Susanne Rudolph's seminal scholarship of India, it develops the concept of situated knowledge to argue that people's capacity to empathize and dehumanize as well as their engagement in ongoing discourses and ideational power shape their political action. The volume illuminates contemporary Indian politics by showing how political leadership can transform people's understandings and cause dramatic political transformation.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Overview: The Giants and the West: From Threat to Opportunity -- The Essence of Being a Giant -- The Rise and Fall of the Centralization Impulse -- The Changing Global Environment and Pressures for Reform -- Obstacles to Reform -- Economic Reform and Political Change -- The Impending Transformation of International Relations -- The Interests of the West -- The West Can Play a Role -- Summaries of Chapter Recommendations -- 1. Economic Reform in the Soviet Union -- Crisis in the Soviet Economy -- The Decline of Economic Performance -- The Reform Framework -- The Reform Schedule -- Critical Sectors: Agriculture, Informatics, and Military Industry -- U.S.-Soviet Economic Relations and U.S. Policy Options -- 2. Issues in Chinese Economic Reform -- Introduction -- Ingredients of Reform -- Evaluating the Domestic Reforms -- The Opening to the West -- Conclusions -- 3. Economic Reform in India: A Long and Winding Road -- Economic Development Under The Old Regime -- Economic Reform Under Rajiv Gandhi -- Economic Reform and Indo U.S. Relations -- Conclusion -- 4. The Political Economy of Reform in the Three Giants -- Strategies for Political Reform -- Economic Reform and the Politics of Regional and Ethnic Tensions -- The Politics of Efficiency and Economic Security -- The Politics of Price Reform and Inflation -- The Politics of Opening Economies to Foreign Trade and Investment -- Conclusion -- 5. Science and Technology and Reform in the Giants -- Introduction -- Reform Strategies in the Giants -- U.S. Science and Technology Relations with the Giants -- Implications for the United States -- 6. The Geopolitical Consequences of Reform -- The Relationship Between Economic Reforms and Geopolitics -- Possible Influences of Domestic Reforms on the Geopolitical Situation

"Three of the largest and strategically most important nations in the world -the Soviet Union, China, and India - are currently in the throes of historic change. The reforms in the giants are transforming global economic and geopolitical relations. The United States must reexamine central tenets of its foreign policy if it is to seize the opportunities presented by these changes.This pathbreaking volume in the Overseas Development Council's series analyzes economic reform in the giants and its implications for U.S. foreign policy. Each of the giants is opening up its economy to foreign trade and investment. What consequences will this have for international trade? Each giant is attempting to catch up to global technological frontiers by absorbing foreign technologies: In what areas might cooperation enhance American interests, and in what areas must the U.S. protect its competitive and strategic assets? What role can key international economic institutions play to help integrate the giants into the international economy? The contributors suggest how U.S. foreign policy should anticipate these new circumstances in ways that enhance international cooperation and security.Contents: Overview: Economic Reform in the Giants and U.S. Policy, by Richard E. Feinberg, John Echeverri-Gent, and Friedemann Miiller; Economic Reform in the USSR, by Friedemann Miiller; Economic Reform in China, by Rensselaer W. Lee III; Economic Reform in India, by John Echeverri-Gent; The Politics of Economic Reform in the Giants, by John Echeverri-Gent, and Friedemann Miiller; Economic Reforms and International Trade, by Thomas Naylor; Technology Transfer to the Giants: Opportunities and Challenges, by Richard P. Suttmeier; and The Geopolitical Consequences of Reform in the Giants, by Elena Borisovna Arefieva."--Provided by publisher.

Paul, J. J.: Historical setting. - S. 1-59. Ryavec, K. E.: Geographic and demographic setting. - S. 61-116. Heitzman, J.: Religious life. - S. 117-178. Thrasher, A. W.: Language, ethnicity, and regionalism. - S. 179-230. Jacobson, D.: Social systems. - S. 231-293. Rogers, J. D. ; Worden, R. L.: Character and structure of the economy. - S. 295-378. Bhargava, A.: Agriculture. - S. 379-428. Echeverri-Gent, J.: Government and politics. - S. 429-506. Sismanidis, R. D. V.: Foreign relations. - S. 507-560. Ganguly, S.: National security. - S. 561-621