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This self-contained module for independent study covers the subjects most often needed by non-mathematics graduates, such as fundamental calculus, linear algebra, probability, and basic numerical methods. The easily-understandable text of Introduction to Actuarial and Mathematical Methods features examples, motivations, and lots of practice from a large number of end-of-chapter questions. For readers with diverse backgrounds entering programs of the Institute and Faculty of Actuaries, the Society of Actuaries, and the CFA Institute, Introduction to Actuarial and Mathematical Methods can provide a consistency of mathematical knowledge from the outset. Presents a self-study mathematics refresher course for the first two years of an actuarial program Features examples, motivations, and practice problems from a large number of end-of-chapter questions designed to promote independent thinking and the application of mathematical ideas Practitioner friendly rather than academic Ideal for self-study and as a reference source for readers with diverse backgrounds entering programs of the Institute and Faculty of Actuaries, the Society of Actuaries, and the CFA Institute.

Front Cover -- An Introduction to the Mathematics of Finance A Deterministic Approach -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 - Introduction -- 1.1 THE CONCEPT OF INTEREST -- 1.2 SIMPLE INTEREST -- 1.3 COMPOUND INTEREST -- 1.4 SOME PRACTICAL ILLUSTRATIONS -- SUMMARY -- Chapter 2 - Theory of Interest Rates -- 2.1 THE RATE OF INTEREST -- 2.2 NOMINAL RATES OF INTEREST -- 2.3 ACCUMULATION FACTORS -- 2.4 THE FORCE OF INTEREST -- 2.5 PRESENT VALUES -- 2.6 PRESENT VALUES OF CASH FLOWS -- 2.7 VALUING CASH FLOWS -- 2.8 INTEREST INCOME -- 2.9 CAPITAL GAINS AND LOSSES, AND TAXATION -- SUMMARY -- EXERCISES -- Chapter 3 - The Basic Compound Interest Functions -- 3.1 INTEREST RATE QUANTITIES -- 3.2 THE EQUATION OF VALUE -- 3.3 ANNUITIES-CERTAIN: PRESENT VALUES AND ACCUMULATIONS -- 3.4 DEFERRED ANNUITIES -- 3.5 CONTINUOUSLY PAYABLE ANNUITIES -- 3.6 VARYING ANNUITIES -- 3.7 UNCERTAIN PAYMENTS -- SUMMARY -- EXERCISES -- Chapter 4 - Further Compound Interest Functions -- 4.1 INTEREST PAYABLE PTHLY -- 4.2 ANNUITIES PAYABLE PTHLY: PRESENT VALUES AND ACCUMULATIONS -- 4.3 ANNUITIES PAYABLE AT INTERVALS OF TIME R, WHERE R 1 -- 4.4 DEFINITION OF AN(P) FOR NON-INTEGER VALUES OF N -- SUMMARY -- EXERCISES -- Chapter 5 - Loan Repayment Schedules -- 5.1 THE GENERAL LOAN SCHEDULE -- 5.2 THE LOAN SCHEDULE FOR A LEVEL ANNUITY -- 5.3 THE LOAN SCHEDULE FOR A PTHLY ANNUITY -- 5.4 CONSUMER CREDIT LEGISLATION -- SUMMARY -- EXERCISES -- Chapter 6 - Project Appraisal and Investment Performance -- 6.1 NET CASH FLOWS -- 6.2 NET PRESENT VALUES AND YIELDS -- 6.3 THE COMPARISON OF TWO INVESTMENT PROJECTS -- 6.4 DIFFERENT INTEREST RATES FOR LENDING AND BORROWING -- 6.5 PAYBACK PERIODS -- 6.6 THE EFFECTS OF INFLATION -- 6.7 MEASUREMENT OF INVESTMENT FUND PERFORMANCE -- SUMMARY -- EXERCISES -- Chapter 7 - The Valuation of Securities -- 7.1 FIXED-INTEREST SECURITIES.

Critical of failure of the US to sign the treaty adopted in Rome, Italy, on July 17, 1998, establishing an International Criminal Court (ICC) to try individuals guilty of participation in acts of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes.

It is one of the striking phenomena in discussions of the interplay between ethics and international relations that there continue to be a good many —including those with a strong interest in moral philosophy —who remain doubtful about whether it is really possible to define a "moral " leader. They quest ion whether there is any objective basis for a comparative evaluation of the ethical standards of one statesman as opposed to another, except insofar as their basic goals may be described as good or evil; for example, Churchill and Roosevelt in World War II compared to Adolf Hitler.

The treaty between the Soviet Union and the United States eliminating a whole class of intermediate-range nuclear forces (INF) in Europe raises a number of questions about NATO's future ability to deter Warsaw Pact aggression. Future choices on Alliance strategy and doctrine will be influenced by a variety of factors, including the image of new thinking in Soviet security policy enunciated by General Secretary Gorbachev, changing West European opinion toward the use of nuclear weapons for NATO deterrence, the complications inherent in further nuclear and conventional arms control negotiations, assessments of the current conventional arms balance in Europe, and ongoing questions about NATO cohesion as well as the continued coupling of American security with that of her European allies. In the post-INF environment it may well be that U.S. Navy nuclear assets will assume an increasingly important role, particularly the Tomahawk Land Attack Missile/Nuclear (TLAM/N). The TLAM/N has many attractive attributes that can be supportive of NATO deterrence of the WTO, but there are also a number of unresolved questions to be addressed concerning this particular weapons system. Modernization of NATO's land-based short-range nuclear forces (SNF), such as the Lance missile, is also seen by many as critical to the maintenance of Alliance security in the aftermath of INF. (sdw) ; http://archive.org/details/natodeterrencede00garr ; Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.