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Can governments create bureaucratic structures that overcome knowledge and incentive problems? : an analysis of the Millennium Challenge Corporation / Rosemarie Fike -- The political economy of intervention in the conflict against ISIS / David Wille -- FDA effectiveness standards : helpful or harmful? / Anna Rivers -- Exit, voice, and incentives : an institutional analysis of urban public school districts / Rachel Reese -- Firm-specific tax incentives : the bad and the ugly / Adam N. Michel -- A better tomorrow : policy reform and the limitations of state-led targeted economic development / Courtney Michaluk -- The political economy of casino licensing : a case study on Maryland's experience / Candace McTeer Mottice -- The political economy of D.C. school choice : an institutional analysis of the Opportunity Scholarship Program / Allison Kasic -- Stifling urban development with land-use regulation : a case study of redevelopment in Tysons Corner, Virginia / Emily Hamilton

This volume intends to cultivate an appreciation for the complexity of human decision making and the incentives that drive human behavior. By examining specific policy changes, it will delve into the effects of and lessons learned from regulations in financial markets, computer and internet governance, and health care innovation and delivery.

Elinor C. Ostrom, a Nobel prize winning political economist, made important contributions to common pool resources, economic governance, and polycentricity. Viviana A. Zelizer, a prominent economic sociologist, has done groundbreaking work on how culture shapes our economic lives. Together, the work of Ostrom and Zelizer spans the disciplines of economics, sociology, political science, and public policy by exploring the social relations and community-based organization of everyday life. Both scholars examine the norms, social connections, and cultural impacts of exchange and governance. This volume explores their contributions and builds off of their research programs to explore the social movements, community recovery, and war, and womens issues across a variety of disciplines, including economics, political science, sociology, history, and archaeology. Inspired by Zelizers 2019 Ostrom Speaker Series lecture for the F. A. Hayek Program for Advanced Study in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University, this volume explores the connections between the work of Elinor Ostrom and Viviana Zelizer. Beginning with a lead chapter by Zelizer where she reflects on the connections between her work and Ostroms oeuvre, the volume brings together scholars who tease out some of the important concepts and implications of Ostrom and Zelizers research. This volume furthers economic inquiry by ensuring that the critical examinations of these timely and important themes are made available to students and scholars. Stefanie Haeffele is Senior Research Fellow, Senior Program and Operations Director of Academic and Student Programs, and Senior Fellow for the F. A. Hayek Program for Advanced Study in Philosophy, Politics and Economics at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University. Virgil Henry Storr is the Vice President of Academic and Student Programs the Don C. Lavoie Senior Fellow in the F.A. Hayek Program in Philosophy, Politics and Economics at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University, and a Professor of Economics in the Department of Economics at George Mason University.

1. Introduction -- 2. The Rules of the Game and Post-disaster Rebuilding and Recovery -- 3. Government as Gardener: Cultivating the Environment for Private Sector Natural Disaster Response -- 4. The Role of the Local Emergency Manager in a Centralized System of Disaster Management -- 5. Recognizing Vulnerability and Capacity: Federal Initiatives Focused on Children and Youth across the Disaster Lifecycle -- 6. The Political Economy of Foreign Intervention -- 7. When is Top-down State-building Appropriate? -- 8. The European Migrant Crisis: A Case Study in Failure of Government and Supra-governmental Responses.

1. Introduction -- 2. The What, How, and Why of Bottom-up Rebuilding and Recovery after Natural Disasters -- 3. Nonviolent Action -- 4. The Private Sector's Contribution to Natural Disaster Response -- 5. Formation of Public-Private Partnerships by Local Emergency Managers -- 6. Children Take Charge: Helping Behaviors and Organized Action among Young People after Hurricane Katrina -- 7. Bottom-up State-building -- 8. Government Intervention Induced Structural Crises: Exploratory Notes on the Patterns of Evolution and Response.

AbstractFriedrich A. Hayek argues that "equality of the general rules of law and conduct" is the only kind of equality compatible with liberty and, moreover, that attempting to pursue equality along any other dimension is likely to destroy liberty. For Hayek, then, as a social philosopher and political economist who was principally concerned with understanding and promoting liberal order, the question "What kind of equality?" has a straightforward answer. Equality before the law, perhaps equality of opportunity in a procedural sense, is the equality that we should pursue, not material equality and certainly not equality of outcomes. One wonders, though, whether Hayek dismisses too quickly the more substantive forms of equality and, more importantly, whether we can achieve the liberal society that Hayek envisions without concerning ourselves with more than just the presence or absence of equality of the general rules of law and conduct. This essay will explore, criticize, and expand upon the way that Hayek makes use of equality in his conception of a free society. Specifically, we argue that Hayek may need a more substantive conception of equality than he is willing to deploy in order to arrive at the liberal society he hopes to bring about.

Introduction / Rosemarie Fike, Stefanie Haeffele, and Arielle John -- Irrationality is not unreasonable : behavioral economics, rationality, and implications for public policy / Mario J. Rizzo -- What is a nudge? / Jeffrey Bristol -- Why nudges should be local and decentralized / Katarina Hall -- Incentivized migration in colonial contexts : the challenge of asymmetric information in public policy nudges / Oliver McPherson-Smith -- Nudge, nations, and cultural change : the process of identity formation in Singapore / Erin Dunne -- Nudging lobbyists to register with online registration and grace periods / James M. Strickland -- Nudging choices in education policy / Shannon Lee -- Public policy, the environment, and the use of green nudges / Cynthia Boruchowicz -- The paradoxes of the privacy paradox / Will Rinehart -- Nudging, trust, and the "sharing economy" in Latin America / Luis H. Lozano Paredes.