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The failure to raise levels of living in most of the developing countries has a particular impact on women. Half of the world population continues to live at abysmally low levels, often below the subsistence standards of advanced countries. The lagging sectors in development are, particu larly, food, housing, and employment. In general, women bear a greater share of the malnutrition problem, and also carry a heavy load in supplementing the family income of irregularly employed husbands. At the same time, they must maintain their family responsibilities. The situation in health, both the achievements and the remaining problems, is outlined in some detail, with special reference to its impact on women. The major social trends, particularly population growth and redistribution, the social revolution in the develop ing countries, and their relationships to the advancement of women, are briefly sketched. Finally, the role which women are playing and may play in development work at the local and national levels, both in voluntary and in professional activities, is given some attention.

The failure to raise levels of living in most of the developing countries has a particular impact on F's. 50% of the world pop continues to live at abysmally low levels, often below the subsistence standards of advanced countries. The primary lagging sectors in development are food, housing, & employment. In general, F's bear a greater share of the malnutrition problem, & also carry a heavy load in supplementing the fam income of irregularly employed husbands. At the same time, they must maintain their fam responsibilities. The situation in health, both the achievements & the remaining problems, is outlined in some detail, with special reference to its impact on F's. The major soc trends, esp growth & redistribution, the soc revolution in the developing countries, & their relationships to the advancement of F's, are briefly sketched. Finally, the role which F's are playing & may play in development work at the local & nat'l levels, both in voluntary & in professional activities, is given some attention. HA.

In the fifteen years since World War II, the international community has seen marked progress in prolong ing life, providing education for children, and in increasing the world food supply. Progress in the struggle against pov erty and bad housing is much less notable, and the achieve ments in lessening social tensions, in increasing human dignity, and other qualitative aspects of the standard of living are not measurable by the rough indicators we have at our disposal. The attempt to reach a new synthesis in the economic and social aspects of the development of less-developed countries, the widespread approval of governmental planning for social as well as economic development, the growth of public respon sibility for welfare of the total population, and the attention given to rural as well as urban development are cited as impor tant postwar developments in the philosophy and methods of international co-operation. The concern about extending as sistance in ways which stimulate active participation of the people is a hopeful response to the world social situation. Fi nally, the importance of basing assistance on mutual respect— with every country acting both as donor and recipient—is stressed in this co-operation.

The rate of urban growth is now higher in some of the economically underdeveloped countries than it is in the United States. The apparent imbal ance between rates of urban growth and of industrialization is pointed out. Levels of employment, health, education, nutrition, and housing among the masses of rural migrants to the cities in most countries are posing problems which strain overburdened resources of the underdeveloped countries to the breaking point. There is some reason to hope that planned economic develop ment as well as the techniques of regional and city planning may be applied more generally in the solution of these problems in Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East than they have been in North America.

The rate of Ur growth is now higher in some of the econ'ly underdeveloped countries than it is in the US. The apparent imbalance between rates of Ur growth & of industrialization is pointed out. Levels of employment, health, educ, nutrition, & housing among the masses of Ru migrants to the cities in most countries are posing problems which strain overburdened resources of the underdeveloped countries to the breaking point. There is some reason to hope that planned econ development as well as the techniques of regional & city planning may be applied more generally in the solution of these problems in Asia, Latin America, & the Middle East than they have been in North America. AAAPSS.