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Das Buch 'Gestaltung und Umbruch' handelt von ethischen, sozialen und ökonomischen Aspekten bei der wissenschaftlich-technischen Entwicklung. Die Basis liefern theoretische Analysen und explorative Untersuchungen innerhalb von Lehr- und Kooperationsprojekten im Fachbereich Industrial Design. Im ersten Kapitel wird die Bedeutung von Umbrüchen für Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft beschrieben und dem Zweck der Wertschöpfung für die Menschen nachgegangen. In Kapitel zwei werden der Designbegriff, Designprozesse, die Funktionen industrieller Produkte und vier Kompetenzfelder von Industriedesignern erläutert. In Kapitel drei werden in zwei explorativen Untersuchungen die Rollen des Industrie Designs bei der soziokulturellen Wertschöpfung analysiert. Im vierten Kapitel wird ein Wertschöpfungsmodell herausgearbeitet, das klassische Industriedesignkompetenzen mit forscherischen Herangehensweisen vereint. Darüber hinaus wird erläutert, welche Relevanz transformativen Designkompetenzen zu Zeiten des Umbruchs zukommt und wie diese für die interdisziplinäre Projektarbeit genutzt werden können. Sandra Hirsch studierte Produkt- und Prozessgestaltung an der Universität der Künste in Berlin und begann bereits während des Studiums freiberuflich als Designerin zu arbeiten. Nach dem Studium beschäftigte sie sich insbesondere mit der Gestaltung von Brillenfassungen. Seit 2007 ist sie als wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin am Lehrstuhl für Industrial Design an der Technischen Universität München tätig. Sie war maßgeblich an der Konzeption und Einführung des Masterstudiengangs Industrial Design beteiligt und erarbeitete verschiedene Lehr- und Veranstaltungsformate, um angewandte Forschungsmethoden in Designprozesse zu implementieren.

Designed as a defensive system against the Ottoman Empire, the Austrian military border was doubled by a sanitary cordon, which served as a defense shield against epidemics. In order for this system to function adequately, the border patrol troops that served the House of Habsburg also needed protection against the diseases that threatened the empire. The present study brings into discussion the health problems that border guards from the Banat region experienced, a topic that remains largely unaddressed in the existing literature. By building on original archival research and the specialized work of the epoch, this article traces the main conditions, the means of tackling diseases, the remedies that were specifically local or those found within the European repertoire. It also sheds light on the support that the administrative apparatus offered to the troops, namely medical care in its material form (hospitals, quarantines, pharmacies, medicine, monetary assistance) and human form (the personnel hired at the borders: military doctors, surgeons, midwives, veterinarians). This article concludes that the entire correspondence from the center directed at the local authorities in Banat and vice versa reflects in a unique and subtle way the level of medical knowledge of the time. ; Zamišljena kao obrambeni sustav protiv Osmanskog Carstva, austrijska vojna granica ud-vostručena je sanitarnim kordonom koji je služio kao obrambeni štit od epidemija. Da bi taj sustav mogao odgovarajuće funkcionirati, granične ophodne trupe koje su služile Habsbur-govcima trebale su i zaštitu od bolesti koje su prijetile carstvu. U ovom se istraživanju ras- pravlja o zdravstvenim problemima s kojima su se suočili graničari iz Banata, što je tema o kojoj se u velikoj mjeri nije raspravljalo u postojećoj literaturi. Temeljeći se na istraživanjima originalnih arhiva i specijaliziranih radova epohe, članak prikazuje glavne okolnosti, sred-stva za suzbijanje bolesti, lijekove koji su bili specifično lokalni ili one pronađene u europskom okrilju. Također baca svjetlo na potporu koju je administrativni aparat pružao trupama, naime medicinsku skrb u njezinu materijalnom obliku (bolnice, karantene, ljekarne, lijekovi, novčana pomoć) i njezinu ljudskom obliku (osoblje angažirano na granicama: vojni liječnici, kirurzi, primalje, veterinari). Ovim istraživanjem zaključujemo da cjelokupna koresponden-cija iz centra usmjerena na lokalne vlasti u Banatu i obrnuto odražava na jedinstven i sup-tilan način razinu medicinskog znanja toga vremena.

Designed as a defensive system against the Ottoman Empire, the Austrian military border was doubled by a sanitary cordon, which served as a defense shield against epidemics. In order for this system to function adequately, the border patrol troops that served the House of Habsburg also needed protection against the diseases that threatened the empire. The present study brings into discussion the health problems that border guards from the Banat region experienced, a topic that remains largely unaddressed in the existing literature. By building on original archival research and the specialized work of the epoch, this article traces the main conditions, the means of tackling diseases, the remedies that were specifically local or those found within the European repertoire. It also sheds light on the support that the administrative apparatus offered to the troops, namely medical care in its material form (hospitals, quarantines, pharmacies, medicine, monetary assistance) and human form (the personnel hired at the borders: military doctors, surgeons, midwives, veterinarians). This article concludes that the entire correspondence from the center directed at the local authorities in Banat and vice versa reflects in a unique and subtle way the level of medical knowledge of the time.

It is unclear how genomic incidental finding (GIF) prospects should be addressed in informed consent processes. An exploratory study on this topic was conducted with 34 purposively sampled Chairs of institutional review boards (IRBs) at centers conducting genome-wide association studies. Most Chairs (96%) reported no knowledge of local IRB requirements regarding GIFs and informed consent. Chairs suggested consent processes should address the prospect of, and study disclosure policy on, GIFs; GIF management and follow-up; potential clinical significance of GIFs; potential risks of GIF disclosure; an opportunity for participants to opt out of GIF disclosure; and duration of the researcher's duty to disclose GIFs. Chairs were concerned about participant disclosure preferences changing over time; inherent limitations in determining the scope and accuracy of claims about GIFs; and making consent processes longer and more complex. IRB Chair and other stakeholder perspectives can help advance informed consent efforts to accommodate GIF prospects.

Abstract: The study aims at complementing the historical knowledge regarding the participation of Dr. Bucur (Hilarius) Mitrea and Dr. Ioan Arsenie within the Austrian volunteer corps in Mexico, using as sources the copies of their conduct lists preserved in the military archives of Vienna. The new data concern the battles they took part in, together with characterizations of their behavior and personality. The latter consolidate the image built by former biographers in the case of Dr. Mitrea and help to sketch a less known portrait in the case of Dr. Arsenie. Keywords: military physicians, 19th century, Transylvania, Mexico, Österreichisches Freiwilligenkorps in Mexiko