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'The Emptiness of Japanese Affluence' by Gavan McCormack is reviewed.

In this fresh and original analysis, Brian J. McVeigh confronts both the demonizers and apologists of Japan. He argues persuasively that far from being unique, Japanese nationalism becomes demystified once 'management' and 'mysticism'--the same processes and practices that operate in other national states--are taken into account. Stripping away Orientalist-inspired misconceptions, the author stresses the variety and relative intensity of nationalisms, ranging from economic, ethnic, and educational to cultural, gendered, and religious. He moves beyond state-centered ideologies to explore the li

This paper examines and analyzes retirement, mandatory and flexible, as a complex social pattern and process in Canada and the United States. The paper first focuses on social forces and trends — demographic, financial, physical, attitudinal and legal — leading society away from mandatory retirement and toward more flexible retirement. Second, it examines viable arguments for mandatory retirement and empirical verification of its limited impact on the labour force. It also analyzes complexities involved in the issue, particularly organized labour's ambivalence about mandatory retirement. Third, it suggests four important functions that counsellors can perform in preparing people for the realities of retirement. Policy implications for Canada with respect to retirement are indicated. ; Cet article examine et analyse la retraite, obligatoire et flexible, comme patron et processussociaux complexes au Canada et aux Etats-Unis. L'article vise d'abord aux forces et tendances sociales — démographiques, financières, physiques, d'attitude et légales — qui dirigent la société de la retraite obligatoire vers la retraite plus flexible. Ensuite, nous examinons les raisons viables pour la retraite obligatoire et la vérification empirique de son impact limité sur la main d'oeuvre. Nous analysons les complexités comprises, surtout l'ambivalence des syndicats sur la retraite obligatoire. Finalement, nous suggérons quatre fonctions importantes que peuvent faire les conseillers qui préparent lesgens aux réalités de la retraite. Des implications de la politique de la retraite au Canada sont indiquées.